CN115497817A - 半导体结构及其形成方法 - Google Patents

半导体结构及其形成方法 Download PDF

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CN115497817A
CN115497817A CN202110671747.XA CN202110671747A CN115497817A CN 115497817 A CN115497817 A CN 115497817A CN 202110671747 A CN202110671747 A CN 202110671747A CN 115497817 A CN115497817 A CN 115497817A
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gate
supporting
semiconductor structure
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洪伟诚
刘又仁
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United Microelectronics Corp
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Priority to US17/376,151 priority patent/US12040370B2/en
Priority to TW111122335A priority patent/TW202301690A/zh
Publication of CN115497817A publication Critical patent/CN115497817A/zh
Priority to US18/608,949 priority patent/US20240222457A1/en
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Abstract

本发明公开一种半导体结构及其形成方法,其中该半导体结构包含一基底,一栅极结构,位于该基底上,且该栅极结构沿着一第一方向延伸,以及多个支撑图案,位于该栅极结构内,其中该多个支撑图案彼此分离且沿着一第二方向排列,其中该第二方向垂直于该第一方向。

Description

半导体结构及其形成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及半导体制作工艺领域,尤其是涉及一种包含有支撑图案的栅极以及其制作方法,可避免在栅极制作过程中产生碟型下陷(dishing)现象。
背景技术
在半导体制作工艺领域中,经常使用平坦化步骤来移除部分材料层,使得元件的表面呈现平面。但是当元件区与周围区域的密度差异较大时,使用平坦化步骤(例如化学机械研磨,CMP)时,因为移除元件密集区域(常称为dense区)与元件松散区域(常称为iso区)的速率不同,可能会导致特定区域或元件(通常是元件密度较低的区域)的顶部受到较多的研磨,并且产生下凹状的剖面轮廓,此种现象称为碟型下陷(dishing)现象。
上述碟型下陷现象,可能会对元件的品质产生不良影响,因此需要找寻解决方案以克服上述问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种半导体结构,包含一基底,一栅极结构,位于该基底上,且该栅极结构沿着一第一方向延伸,以及多个支撑图案,位于该栅极结构内,其中该多个支撑图案彼此分离且沿着一第二方向排列,其中该第二方向垂直于该第一方向。
本发明另提供一种半导体结构的形成方法,包含提供一基底,形成一栅极结构于该基底上,且该栅极结构沿着一第一方向延伸,以及形成多个支撑图案于该栅极结构内,其中该多个支撑图案彼此分离且沿着一第二方向排列,其中该第二方向垂直于该第一方向。
本发明的特征在于,在栅极中形成多个支撑图案,以避免在对栅极进行平坦化步骤时,栅极顶部产生凹陷的问题。此外,本发明中的支撑图案的排列方向与电流方向(也就是源极至漏极的方向)平行,因此对于电流的流经路径较少阻碍,对于栅极电性的表现较为良好。
附图说明
图1至图2为本发明一实施例的半导体元件的上视示意图;
图3至图4为本发明另一实施例的半导体元件的上视示意图。
主要元件符号说明
10:基底
12:牺牲栅极
14:支撑图案
14A:支撑图案
15:支撑图案虚线
16:金属栅极
18:接触结构
I:电流方向
G:栅极
D:漏极
S:源极
D1:第一方向
D2:第二方向
具体实施方式
为使熟悉本发明所属技术领域的一般技术者能更进一步了解本发明,下文特列举本发明的优选实施例,并配合所附的附图,详细说明本发明的构成内容及所欲达成的功效。
为了方便说明,本发明的各附图仅为示意以更容易了解本发明,其详细的比例可依照设计的需求进行调整。在文中所描述对于图形中相对元件的上下关系,在本领域的人都应能理解其是指物件的相对位置而言,因此都可以翻转而呈现相同的构件,此都应同属本说明书所揭露的范围,在此容先叙明。
图1至图2绘示本发明一实施例的半导体元件的上视示意图。如图1所示,首先,提供一基底10,例如为硅基底,并且在基底10上方形成一牺牲栅极12(或栅极G)。其中,牺牲栅极12例如为一多晶硅材质,在后续的步骤中,会在牺牲栅极12的两侧形成源/漏极区以及介电层(图未示),然后依序进行平坦化步骤以及蚀刻步骤,移除牺牲栅极12后将其替换成金属等其他材质的栅极。将会在下段落继续详细介绍。
在牺牲栅极12完成后,接着如图2所示,以例如离子注入等方式在牺牲栅极12的两侧定义出源极S以及漏极D。此处定义第一方向D1以及第二方向D2,其中第一方向D1平行于牺牲栅极12的延伸方向,第二方向D2与第一方向相互垂直,而此处的栅极G、源极S与漏极D可组成一晶体管,其中晶体管的电流方向I由源极S流向漏极D,第二方向D2与电流方向I平行。
在后续的步骤中,先在牺牲栅极12周围形成介电层(图未示)覆盖牺牲栅极12,然后进行平坦化步骤(例如化学机械研磨,CMP)移除多余的介电层,使介电层的顶面与牺牲栅极12的顶面切齐,并曝露出牺牲栅极12的顶面。接着进行蚀刻步骤,将牺牲栅极12移除,再填入其他材料层(例如高介电常数金属层,high-k metal layer),以在原先牺牲栅极12的位置形成新的金属栅极(图未示)。然而,在上述平坦化的步骤中,栅极顶面可能会产生如现有技术所述的碟型下陷(dishing)现象。因此为了避免此种问题发生,本发明在牺牲栅极12完成后,还包含在牺牲栅极12中形成多个支撑图案14。其中支撑图案14的材质例如为氧化硅等绝缘材料。形成支撑图案14的方法例如包含:在牺牲栅极12完成后,先进行一图案化蚀刻步骤,以在牺牲栅极中形成一些凹槽(对应最终支撑图案的形状),然后在牺牲栅极12的周围填入介电层的同时,也同时填满该些凹槽,因此可以同时形成牺牲栅极12周围的介电层(图未示)以及位于牺牲栅极12内的支撑图案14。
在本实施例中,支撑图案14呈现类似方格状的形状,也就是说支撑图案14包含多个线条,其中一部分的线条沿着第一方向D1延伸、另一部分的线条则沿着第二方向D2延伸。然而申请人的实验结果发现,虽然形成支撑图案14确实可以降低碟型下陷发生的机率,但是若支撑图案14包含有与第一方向D1平行(也就是与电流方向I相互垂直)的线条图案时,会阻碍电流在栅极内的传递效果。换句话说,如此一来将会显著地降低栅极的电流传导效能,不利于栅极的电性表现。
图3至图4绘示本发明另一实施例的半导体元件的上视示意图。为了进一步改善以上问题,在本发明的另外一实施例中,如图3与图4所示,本实施例中改变支撑图案的形状,将原先的支撑图案14以支撑图案14A取代。其中支撑图案14A与支撑图案14的主要不同在于,支撑图案14A所排列的图案并不阻挡电流方向I,更详细而言,支撑图案14A构成多条沿着第二方向D2排列的支撑图案虚线15,且在相邻的支撑图案虚线15之间的空隙,仍留有栅极的材料且并未形成支撑图案14A。因此,多个支撑图案14A并不会挡住晶体管主要的电流流经的路径(电流方向I)。如此一来,相较于上述实施例,本实施例即使在栅极内部形成支撑图案14A,对于栅极的电性的影响较小。
后续,如图4所示,以一蚀刻步骤(图未示)将牺牲栅极12移除,并且留下各支撑图案14A,然后再重新填入一金属层,例如一高介电常数(high-k)金属层至原先牺牲栅极12的凹槽内,以形成一金属栅极16。上述步骤又称为替代金属栅极(RMG,replacement metalgate)制作工艺,属于本领域的现有技术,在此不多加赘述。此外,在金属栅极16完成后,可以在金属栅极12、以及源极S/漏极D上形成多个接触结构18,接触结构18可以将晶体管与其它的电子元件电连接,接触结构18的制作工艺也属于本领域的现有技术,在此不多加赘述。
综合以上说明书与附图,本发明提供一种半导体结构,包含一基底10,一金属栅极16,位于基底10上,且金属栅极16沿着一第一方向D1延伸,以及多个支撑图案14A,位于金属栅极16内,其中多个支撑图案14A彼此分离且沿着一第二方向D2排列,其中第二方向D2垂直于第一方向D1。
在本发明的一些实施例中,其中还包含有一源极S与漏极D,分别位于金属栅极16的两侧。
在本发明的一些实施例中,其中源极S与漏极D之间的连线,平行于第二方向D2。
在本发明的一些实施例中,其中多个支撑图案14A组成多个支撑图案虚线15,其中每一条支撑图案虚线15沿着第二方向D2延伸。
在本发明的一些实施例中,其中支撑图案14A的材质包含氧化硅。
在本发明的一些实施例中,其中金属栅极16的材质包含有高介电常数金属。
本发明另提供一种半导体结构的形成方法,包含提供一基底10,形成一金属栅极16于基底10上,且金属栅极16沿着一第一方向D1延伸,以及形成多个支撑图案14A于金属栅极16内,其中多个支撑图案14A彼此分离且沿着一第二方向D2排列,其中第二方向D2垂直于第一方向。
在本发明的一些实施例中,其中形成支撑图案14A于金属栅极16中的方法包含:形成一牺牲栅极12于基底10上,对牺牲栅极12进行一蚀刻步骤,以在牺牲栅极12中形成多个孔洞,填入一绝缘层于牺牲栅极旁以及填入些孔洞内,进行一平坦化步骤移除部分绝缘层,并露出牺牲栅极12的表面,移除牺牲栅极层,并留下该些绝缘层,并定义出一栅极空槽,以及形成一高介电常数金属层于栅极空槽内。
本发明的特征在于,在栅极中形成多个支撑图案,以避免在对栅极进行平坦化步骤时,栅极顶部产生凹陷的问题。此外,本发明中的支撑图案的排列方向与电流方向(也就是源极至漏极的方向)平行,因此对于电流的流经路径较少阻碍,对于栅极电性的表现较为良好。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,凡依本发明权利要求所做的均等变化与修饰,都应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (13)

1.一种半导体结构,包含:
基底;
栅极结构,位于该基底上,且该栅极结构沿着第一方向延伸;以及
多个支撑图案,位于该栅极结构内,其中该多个支撑图案彼此分离且沿着第二方向排列,其中该第二方向垂直于该第一方向。
2.如权利要求1所述的半导体结构,其中还包含有源极与该漏极,分别位于该栅极结构的两侧。
3.如权利要求2所述的半导体结构,其中该源极与该漏极之间的连线,平行于该第二方向。
4.如权利要求1所述的半导体结构,其中该多个支撑图案组成多个支撑图案虚线,其中每一条支撑图案虚线沿着该第二方向延伸。
5.如权利要求1所述的半导体结构,其中该支撑图案的材质包含氧化硅。
6.如权利要求1所述的半导体结构,其中该栅极结构的材质包含有高介电常数金属。
7.一种半导体结构的形成方法,包含:
提供基底;
形成栅极结构于该基底上,且该栅极结构沿着第一方向延伸;以及
形成多个支撑图案于该栅极结构内,其中该多个支撑图案彼此分离且沿着第二方向排列,其中该第二方向垂直于该第一方向。
8.如权利要求7所述的形成方法,其中形成该支撑图案于该栅极结构中的方法包含:
形成牺牲栅极于该基底上;
对该牺牲栅极进行蚀刻步骤,以在该牺牲栅极中形成多个孔洞;
填入绝缘层于该牺牲栅极旁以及填入该些孔洞内;
进行平坦化步骤移除部分该绝缘层,并露出该牺牲栅极的表面;
移除该牺牲栅极层,并留下该些绝缘层,并定义出栅极空槽;以及
形成高介电常数金属层于该栅极空槽内。
9.如权利要求7所述的形成方法,还包含有源极与该漏极,分别位于该栅极结构的两侧。
10.如权利要求9所述的形成方法,其中该源极与该漏极之间的连线,平行于该第二方向。
11.如权利要求7所述的形成方法,其中该多个支撑图案组成多个支撑图案虚线,其中每一条支撑图案虚线沿着该第二方向延伸。
12.如权利要求7所述的形成方法,其中该支撑图案的材质包含氧化硅。
13.如权利要求7所述的形成方法,其中该栅极结构的材质包含有高介电常数金属。
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