TW201710617A - 具有多聚焦模式之發光裝置 - Google Patents

具有多聚焦模式之發光裝置 Download PDF

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TW201710617A
TW201710617A TW105116303A TW105116303A TW201710617A TW 201710617 A TW201710617 A TW 201710617A TW 105116303 A TW105116303 A TW 105116303A TW 105116303 A TW105116303 A TW 105116303A TW 201710617 A TW201710617 A TW 201710617A
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light
light sources
illuminating device
optical system
light source
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TWI708909B (zh
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休格 裘漢 康奈里森
亞契敏 海樂根
弗洛里斯 瑪莉亞 赫曼茲 克朗普福特
諾伯特斯 安東尼斯 瑪麗亞 史威格斯
山博 瑪克 安德烈 迪
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皇家飛利浦有限公司
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/0011Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor with light guides for distributing the light between several lighting or signalling devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/06Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle
    • B60Q1/08Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically
    • B60Q1/085Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights adjustable, e.g. remotely-controlled from inside vehicle automatically due to special conditions, e.g. adverse weather, type of road, badly illuminated road signs or potential dangers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/2696Mounting of devices using LEDs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F21S41/153Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines arranged in a matrix
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    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
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    • F21S41/24Light guides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25Projection lenses
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25Projection lenses
    • F21S41/255Lenses with a front view of circular or truncated circular outline
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/40Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades
    • F21S41/43Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by screens, non-reflecting members, light-shielding members or fixed shades characterised by the shape thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235Light guides
    • F21S43/242Light guides characterised by the emission area
    • F21S43/243Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its extremities
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/04Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres
    • G02B6/06Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings formed by bundles of fibres the relative position of the fibres being the same at both ends, e.g. for transporting images
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q2400/00Special features or arrangements of exterior signal lamps for vehicles
    • B60Q2400/50Projected symbol or information, e.g. onto the road or car body
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21SNON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2103/00Exterior vehicle lighting devices for signalling purposes
    • F21W2103/60Projection of signs from lighting devices, e.g. symbols or information being projected onto the road
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F21W2131/406Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21YINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • F21Y2107/10Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on concave supports or substrates, e.g. on the inner side of bowl-shaped supports
    • GPHYSICS
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    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0005Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0096Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the lights guides being of the hollow type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)

Abstract

本發明係關於一種發光裝置,尤其係關於一種用於車輛之前燈,其至少包括:一陣列(1)之光源(2),其由安裝於同一平面或曲面內之第一及第二光源(2)組成,及一投影光學系統(3),其經配置以在該發光裝置之一向前方向上投影由該等光源(2)發射之光。至少一個移位元件(6)配置於該等第一光源之前方。該移位元件(6)產生相對於該等第二光源之發射位置朝向或遠離該投影光學系統(3)移位之該等第一光源之光之真實或虛擬發射位置。就所提出之發光裝置而言,在照明之主要發光功能之外,可將一圖案或印記投影於一個或若干額外影像平面處。

Description

具有多聚焦模式之發光裝置
本發明係關於一種發光裝置,尤其係關於一種用於車輛之前燈,其至少包括:一光源陣列;及一投影光學系統,其經配置以在該發光裝置之一向前方向上投影由該等光源發射之光。
用於汽車前發光之未來頭燈系統將含有智慧動態功能性,該等智慧動態功能性之部分已在市場上被稱為轉向燈、自適應遠光燈及像素化燈或自適應前發光系統(AFS)。此等發光系統藉由一或多個矩陣LED陣列(LED:發光二極體)啟用。需要將LED陣列之光點源光學分離成單獨元件以產生用於以上提及之應用之定義良好之可區分圖案。接下來為個別定址,亦可組合矩陣陣列之個別元件以產生所需光束圖案。
目前需要提供用於機動車輛之前燈,其在針對視覺原因之道路照明之主要發光功能之外亦允許在道路上之一較近距離處投影一印記。此一印記可(例如)向其他人員(如行人、騎乘者或其他汽車駕駛者)提供視覺資訊,例如,有關汽車類型/標誌、一安全警告等之資訊。
圖1例示性地展示在借助於包括一LED矩陣陣列之一前燈投影光之情況。LED矩陣陣列1安裝於被稱為物平面之一平面中。在此實例中,圖1僅展示此一LED矩陣陣列之兩個LED 2。一投影透鏡3用於將此物平面成像至遠場(例如,在25或50米之距離處)中之一影像平面4 (參見圖1B)。因此,影像將不會清晰出現在(例如)5或10米之一近距離處(近影像平面5)。此近影像平面5中之一清晰影像將需要投影透鏡3之另一位置(如圖1A中指示)。然而,此將禁止遠場影像平面4中之一清晰投影。為在主要光束之遠場投影之外將一安全特徴(如一警告標記)或一品牌影像(如一圖標)投影於一近距離處,通常將需要光源及投影透鏡之一獨立光學系統。然而,將此一額外系統容納於一汽車前部常常係不可能的或所希望的。
DE 10 2012 025 354 A1描述一種包括此一雙功能性之前燈。在用於照明之普通光投影之外,光或陰影點被投影於道路上之一較近距離處。此等點之距離可取決於汽車之速度而變化。為產生光點或陰影點,提出在前燈之輝光燈絲光源前部中使用額外透鏡或光陰影配置。或者該文件提出包含一額外光源(如一雷射)以產生光點。
本發明之一目的係提供一種發光裝置,其在無需一額外投影系統之情況下,在照明之主要發光功能之外啟用位於該發光裝置前面之一個或若干距離處之一印記或光圖案之清晰投影。
使用根據技術方案1之發光裝置達成該目的。該發光裝置之有利實施例係附屬技術方案之標的或在該描述之後續部分及較佳實施例中描述。
所提出之發光裝置(其較佳地經設計為用於車輛(尤其係機動車輛)之一前燈)至少包括:一光源陣列,其由第一光源及第二光源組成;及一投影光學系統,其經配置以在該裝置之一向前方向上投影由該等光源發射之光。在所提出之裝置中,至少一個移位元件配置於該等第一光源之前部中,該移位元件產生相對於該等第二光源之發射位置朝向或遠離該投影光學系統移位之該等第一光源之光之真實或虛擬發射位置。
就所提出之配置於該等第一光源與該投影光學系統之間之(諸)移位元件而言,該等光源(尤其係一LED矩陣陣列之個別LED或LED群組)之發射位置經中繼至各種不同物平面上。該投影光學系統接著在各種對應影像平面處產生影像。該光源陣列之個別光源因此在距該發光裝置之個別距離處聚焦,例如,在位於距一汽車不同距離處之該汽車之前燈之情況中。因此可能滿足照明之主要功能,例如,其藉由將大量光源(被中繼至同一物平面)聚焦至遠場,且同時利用剩餘光源在一個或若干不同影像平面(例如,較接近該裝置之影像平面)處產生光圖案或印記。
投影光學系統可由一個或若干透鏡形成或由適當反射器光學器件形成。光源之陣列較佳地係一2維陣列,但亦可係一1維陣列,即,配置成線之光源。
所提出之解決方案不需要具有額外光源之任何額外光學裝置。與其中可藉由有關至該投影光學系統之距離之LED之不同安裝位置來實現一經改變之焦點的解決方案相反,其允許該等光源或LED安裝於同一平面內,例如安裝於一共同PCB板上(PCB:印刷電路板)。從可製造性及從一熱管理之觀點來看,此係有利的。在一較佳實施例中,僅一單個投影透鏡係用作該投影光學系統。所提出之發光裝置因此僅需要額外移位元件,而不需要任何額外光學投影光學器件。
取決於待被投影之圖案或印記之種類,陣列之若干光源或光源之群組可共用一個共同移位元件或對應光源可包括個別移位元件。使用若干移位元件,可能將不同光源或光源之群組之光投影至位於該發光裝置前面之不同距離處之影像平面。
產生朝向該投影光學系統移位之該等第一光源之光之真實發射位置之移位元件可由一光學波導形成。此波導之發射面此時表示一新的點狀光源,其比發端光源更接近該投影光學系統。除了光學波導或 光纖之外,亦可將(例如)中空反射微管、導光光學桿、微纖板或光導歧管用作該等移位元件。然而,亦可使用其他適當構件來產生移位。
產生遠離該投影光學系統移位之該等第一光源之光之虛擬發射位置之一移位元件之一實例係一會聚透鏡。使用此一會聚透鏡,自該投影光學系統觀看之光發射位置被移動遠離該投影光學系統,從而導致更接近該投影光學系統之一影像平面。
所提出之發光裝置可用於(例如)所謂的一機動車輛之一前燈之品牌成像。所提出之多聚焦光學器件可用於強調品牌特定特性(如圖標、標記等),此係由於不同圖案可在距機動車輛不同距離處具象化。此使針對一觀察者具象化一不同物件(例如,距車輛1米、10米及100米處)成為可能。亦可將安全資訊投影於前燈/車輛之前部。借助於多聚焦光學器件,亦可將各種影像中之動態資訊具象化,例如,將清晰安全條紋投影於前面各種距離處之道路上,將轉向燈投影於道路上等等。
1‧‧‧LED矩陣陣列
2‧‧‧LED
3‧‧‧投影透鏡
4‧‧‧遠場成像平面
5‧‧‧近成像平面
6‧‧‧移位元件
7‧‧‧中空反射管
8‧‧‧光導桿
9‧‧‧微纖板
10‧‧‧光學歧管
11‧‧‧額外透鏡
12‧‧‧汽車
13‧‧‧車庫門
14‧‧‧遠場光束
15‧‧‧投影光束
16‧‧‧道路
17‧‧‧投影條紋
18‧‧‧遮罩元件
19‧‧‧投影光圖案
以下結合附圖以實例方式描述所提出之發光裝置。該等圖式展示:圖1A/B根據先前技術之具有一投影透鏡之一前燈之一LED矩陣;圖2 所提出之發光裝置之多聚焦光學系統之操作原理;圖3 藉由所提出之發光裝置啟用之一品牌成像特徴之一示意性圖解;圖4 使用所提出之發光裝置投影之一安全特徴之一示意性圖解;圖5A至圖5D 根據本發明之移位元件之四個實例;圖6 一移位元件之一進一步實例之一示意性圖解;及 圖7 一遮罩及對應經投影之圖案之一實例。
已在結合圖1A及圖1B之描述之介紹部分中繪示用於額外印記或圖案之投影之先前技術前燈之問題。圖2展示使此等額外印記或圖案能夠投影至不同於主光束之影像平面之影像平面之所提出之發光裝置之光學系統之原理。該圖式之左手側示意性地展示LED矩陣1,在此實例中,出於繪示目的LED矩陣1僅具有倆個LED 2。LED 2安裝於發光裝置中之同一平面上。下方LED 2具有一移位元件6,其在本專利申請案中亦標示為中繼元件,移位元件6將此LED之光發射位置移位至較接近投影透鏡3之一位置。上方LED 2不包括此一移位元件。兩個LED 2之光發射位置因此位於不同物平面中,其接著由投影透鏡3清晰聚焦至不同影像平面(在此實例中係近影像平面5及遠場影像平面4)上。該成像情況亦展示於右手側上,其中物距為v及v’,像距為b及b’且透鏡3之焦距為f。
圖5展示針對將一光源之發射位置朝向投影光學系統移位或中繼之不同移位元件6之實例。圖5A繪示使用中空反射微管7來形成移位元件。在此實例中且亦在圖5B至圖5D之實例中,展示LED矩陣1之三個LED 2,三個LED 2之各者包括將發射位置移位至距光學投影系統之一不同距離之一不同移位元件6。因此,借助於三個不同移位元件6,可使用共同光學投影系統將光投影至三個不同影像平面(即,位於發光裝置之前部之三個不同距離處之影像平面)。借助於圖5A之中空反射微管7,自LED 2發射之光自中空反射微管7內側之鏡面鏡壁反射且出現於該等管之末端。
圖5B展示使用由玻璃或透明聚合物製成之導光光學桿8作為移位元件6之一進一步實例。借助於此等導光光學桿8,光由該等桿內側之總內部反射件反射。此等桿提供相較於圖5A之中空反射微管更少損 失,但需要一氣隙或低折射率包層。
圖5C展示一移位元件6之一進一步實例。在此實例中,該移位元件由由大量細光纖組成之一微纖板9形成。此一微纖板9亦被稱為影像導管或光纖面板。
提供一移位元件6之另一可能係一光導歧管10,其由如圖5D中示意性地展示之彎曲光纖或光導組成。此一光學歧管具有額外優點:LED 2可在LED矩陣陣列1中彼此間隔一些距離。光發射位置之距離接著可根據需要適應於光導歧管。從一熱及從一連通觀點來看,此為有益的。
所有以上實例可於LED矩陣陣列模組之x、y佔據面積內實現,促進針對LED模組之微型解決方案、成本效益實現及針對汽車前端嵌入之一可接受形狀因數。
圖6中展示針對使一LED 2之發射位置移位之一進一步實例。在此情況中,一額外小正透鏡11定位於距對應LED 2之一特定距離處,如圖式中所展示。透鏡11具有一弱焦距,但結合投影透鏡3可投影較接近投影透鏡3之一影像。額外正透鏡11產生更遠離投影透鏡3移位之對應LED 2之一虛擬發射位置。圖6亦展示單獨成像平面,近成像平面5及遠場成像平面4,由LED矩陣1之不同LED 2發射之光經聚焦至該等平面。
就此一發光裝置而言,在一機動車輛之一前燈之情況中,在(例如)藉由遠光或近光照明改良視覺之普通功能之外,可將一圖案或印記投影至較接近發光裝置之影像平面。圖3示意性地繪示此一情況,其中一汽車12之前燈產生一遠場光束14,且同時用一投影光束15在汽車12之前方之一車庫門13上產生一清晰影像。取決於移位元件之性質及配置,可在距汽車12之不同距離處投影類似圖標或標記之圖案以使其直接由觀察者辨識或投影於道路16上。
圖4展示安全特徴之投影之一示意性圖解,在此實例中,其係投影於道路16上之以條紋17之形式的一動態距離指示。此圖式亦展示由汽車12之兩個前燈之各者產生之遠場光束14及投影光束15。
藉由提供不同光源(例如,具有不同移位元件(即,將發射位置移位至距投影光學系統之一不同距離之移位元件)之LED)來實現在前燈之前部之不同距離處之此等圖案或印記之投影。若需要,可藉由個別地定址對應LED或LED之群組來實現不同成像平面之間之一切換。在LED之此定址之外,可將遮罩元件配置於對應LED之光束路徑中。圖7展示在左手側之此一遮罩元件18及相較於不提供此一遮罩元件之四個LED之投影19(下列)之具有此一遮罩元件18之四個LED之光之對應投影19(上列)之一實例。借助於此等遮罩元件或其他光修改元件,由LED產生之圖案可被額外地修改。
所提出之發光裝置之光學系統在用作一用於機動車輛之一前燈時應滿足汽車發光之截止要求。對於地平線以下之投影,將其設計入光學系統中不存在問題。然而,在地平線以上投影應經仔細設計以符合法規。
可使用簡單透鏡公式來粗略計算為達成一前燈之前部之所要影像距離之移位元件之移位距離。作為一實例,對於具有焦距f=50mm之一透鏡而言,針對一像距b在5米、10米及20米處,物距v之值必須分別在50.51mm、50.25mm及50.13mm處。因此,三個位置之間之260微米及120微米之一差值僅需借助於移位元件實現。此等係LED模組幾何尺寸內之實際值。由於所有實際投影透鏡受場曲率之影響,焦平面不為平坦的而係彎曲的,故簡單透鏡公式無法在細節上成立。然而,在設計中繼或移位系統中可容易地將此現象考慮在內。此外,LED安裝於其上之平面亦可為彎曲的。亦可考慮此一曲率。
雖然已在圖式及以上描述中詳細繪示及描述本發明,但此繪示 及描述應被視為繪示性或例示性的而不為限制性的。本發明不限制於所揭示之實施例。可由熟習此項技術者在實踐所主張之本發明中、從對圖式、本發明及隨附申請專利範圍之一研究中瞭解及實現對所揭示之實施例之其他變動。例如,並非將光源陣列中之光源之數目限制於圖式中所展示之2至4個LED。通常,一大體上較大數目之光源配置於此一陣列中。同樣明顯的是,發光裝置亦包括電連接件及一外殼,但是未在圖式中展示。除了用作用於車輛之一前燈,發光裝置亦可用於一般發光、劇場發光或其中需要以各種投射距離之具有各種特徴之一聚光燈之其他應用。在申請專利範圍中,用語「包括」並不排除其他元件或步驟,且不定冠詞「一」並不排除複數個。事實係,在相互不同的附屬項中陳述之某些措施並不指示此等措施之一組合不能被有利地使用。大多數請求項可彼此自由組合及與所有其他請求項之特徴組合。申請專利範圍中之任何元件符號不應被解釋為限制本發明之範疇。
1‧‧‧LED矩陣陣列
2‧‧‧LED
3‧‧‧投影透鏡
4‧‧‧遠場成像平面
5‧‧‧近成像平面
6‧‧‧移位元件

Claims (13)

  1. 一種發光裝置,其至少包括:一陣列(1)之光源(2),其由安裝於同一平面或曲面內之第一光源及第二光源(2)組成,及一投影光學系統(3),其經配置以在該發光裝置之一向前方向上投影由該等光源(2)發射之光,其中至少一個移位元件(6)配置於該等第一光源之前方,該移位元件(6)產生相對於該等第二光源之發射位置朝向或遠離該投影光學系統(3)移位之該等第一光源之光之真實或虛擬發射位置,及其中該等第一光源及第二光源(2)提供不同發光功能。
  2. 如請求項1之發光裝置,其中該等第一光源提供作為一發光功能的是在該發光裝置前面之一個或若干距離處之一印記或光圖案之一清晰投影,且其中該等第二光源提供作為一發光功能的是一道路之照明。
  3. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中該等第一光源及第二光源(2)係可作為一群組或個別地定址的。
  4. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中該等第一光源及第二光源(2)安裝於一共同印刷電路板上。
  5. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中該等光源(2)係發光二極體。
  6. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中產生朝向該投影光學系統(3)移位之該等第一光源之該光之真實發射位置之該移位元件(6)係一光學波導。
  7. 如請求項6之發光裝置,其中該移位元件(6)係中空反射微管、導光光學桿、微纖板及光導歧管之一者。
  8. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中產生遠離該投影光學系統(3)移位之該等第一光源之該光之虛擬發射位置之該移位元件(6)係一會聚透鏡(11)。
  9. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中該投影光學系統(3)由一單個透鏡形成。
  10. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中該等第一光源之至少部分各包括一單獨移位元件(6)。
  11. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中該等第一光源之一個或若干群組包括一共同移位元件(6)。
  12. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中若干移位元件(6)經設計及配置以產生朝向或遠離該投影光學系統(3)移位達不同量之該等第一光源之該光之真實或虛擬發射位置。
  13. 如請求項1或2之發光裝置,其中光學遮罩元件(18)配置於該等第一光源或第二光源(2)與該投影光學系統(3)之間以便修改或界定一經投影之光圖案。
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