TW201710072A - 積層體之製造方法 - Google Patents
積層體之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201710072A TW201710072A TW105123662A TW105123662A TW201710072A TW 201710072 A TW201710072 A TW 201710072A TW 105123662 A TW105123662 A TW 105123662A TW 105123662 A TW105123662 A TW 105123662A TW 201710072 A TW201710072 A TW 201710072A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- vinyl chloride
- sewing
- chloride resin
- sheet
- liquid
- Prior art date
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- DUHIKWRPAQIIBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-ethylhexyl) 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)CC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC DUHIKWRPAQIIBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B32B3/14—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
- B32B7/09—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means by stitching, needling or sewing
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Abstract
本發明提供一種積層體之製造方法,其係能夠在將施行有縫製加工的片狀成形體與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層予以積層的步驟中,便宜且簡易地防止聚胺基甲酸酯從縫製處流出,為具備下述步驟的積層體之製造方法:使用線來對片狀物施行縫製加工的縫製步驟;在縫製步驟之前或後,或者在該縫製步驟中,使線的至少一部分含浸液體的含浸步驟;以及在藉由縫製步驟及含浸步驟所獲得之片狀成形體的至少一面使發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層積層的積層步驟。
Description
本發明關於使用在汽車儀表板等的積層體之製造方法,且該積層體係片狀成形體與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層被積層而成。
汽車儀表板具有發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層被設置於表皮與基材之間的構造,而該表皮係包含氯乙烯樹脂、熱塑性胺基甲酸酯樹脂、熱塑性烯烴樹脂等合成樹脂或皮革。
於汽車儀表板,係為了提升設計性及商品性,而有對表皮施行針趾花紋等縫製加工的情形。這樣的狀況時,在將發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層形成於表皮背側之際,有這樣的問題:發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層的原料等從縫製部分的孔流出至表面。發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層的原料等流出之處由於會變色的緣故,而成為了汽車儀表板外觀受損的原因。
作為防止在表皮的背側形成發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層之際的原料等之流出的方法,例如專利文獻1中揭示有為了防範發泡劑等從包含氯乙烯等塑料片之表皮材的
接縫洩漏,藉由下述方法等進行接縫的密封處理:從表皮材的背側附加密封用膠帶的方法、進行塗布接著劑並使其乾燥之交聯硬化處理的方法、以及當針趾為樹脂線時從背側加熱樹脂線而使其熔化的方法。又,專利文獻2中揭示了:藉由將上線與下線縫在熔融狀態的熱塑性樹脂材的縫製處,且使該縫製處硬化使熱塑性樹脂材、上線及下線成為一體,而將被縫在樹脂材之縫製線的外周面與樹脂材的間隙予以密封。
專利文獻1:日本特開平3-1938號公報
專利文獻2:日本特開2014-19060號公報
專利文獻1及2中,為了防止聚胺基甲酸酯從施行有縫製加工的部分流出,而需要針對施行有縫製加工的部分進行密封處理這樣的複雜的步驟。又,專利文獻2中,係記載著與縫製工具的移動同步進行來使應縫製的縫製處依次熔融而縫上縫製線的方法,但該方法中有以下問題:需要將縫製工具予以加熱等之特殊的裝置,且變成成本高。
於是在本發明係以提供一種積層體之製造方法為課題,其係能夠在將施行有縫製加工的片狀成形體與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層予以積層的步驟中,便宜且簡易
地防止聚胺基甲酸酯從縫製處流出。
本發明的發明人為了解決上述課題進行了深入探討的結果,完成了以下發明。即,本發明為一種積層體之製造方法,係具備下述步驟:使用線來對片狀物施行縫製加工的縫製步驟;在縫製步驟之前或後,或者在該縫製步驟中,使線的至少一部分含浸液體的含浸步驟;以及使發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層積層於藉由縫製步驟及含浸步驟所獲得之片狀成形體的至少一面的積層步驟。
在本發明之製造方法具備的含浸步驟中,較佳為在藉由縫製步驟及含浸步驟所獲得之片狀成形體中,至少在線將片狀成形體貫通的部位附近之線的至少一部分含浸有液體。
於此處,所謂「貫通的部位附近」是指線之中,線橫跨片狀成形體厚度方向將片狀物貫通的部位,及/或在平行於片狀成形體厚度方向的方向僅有線的厚度份突出的部位。
在本發明中,含浸步驟係較佳在縫製步驟之前進行。
又,本發明亦可具備:在積層步驟之後將已使線含浸之液體的至少一部分予以除去的除去步驟。
本發明之片狀物係較佳為將粉體成形用樹脂組成物予以粉末凝塑成形而成者。
在本發明中,粉體成形用樹脂組成物係較佳
為含有氯乙烯樹脂的粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物。
在本發明中,氯乙烯樹脂的平均聚合度較佳為800~5000。
在本發明中,較佳為粉體成形用樹脂組成物相對於氯乙烯樹脂100質量份,而包含塑化劑30~200質量份。
在本發明中,液體的沸點較佳為50~1000℃。作為上述沸點之範圍中的液體,可舉出例如水及塑化劑。又,在線中,液體之較佳含浸率為0.1~50%。在本發明中所謂「含浸率」係表示已使線含浸之液體的重量相對於已使線含浸了液體之後的總重量之比例者。
在本發明中,線可包含上線及下線。此狀況時,在含浸步驟中,較佳為至少使下線的至少一部分含浸液體。再者,此處所謂的「上線」,是指被配置在與使發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層積層之側為相反側的線,而「下線」是指被配置在使發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層積層之側的線。
若依據本發明之積層體的製造方法,則即便施行有縫製加工的片狀成形體與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層被積層,亦能夠便宜且簡易地防止發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層的發泡聚胺基甲酸酯從片狀成形體的縫製部分流出。
1‧‧‧片狀成形體
2‧‧‧片狀物
3‧‧‧線
3a‧‧‧上線
3b‧‧‧下線
4‧‧‧發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層
5‧‧‧基材
6‧‧‧凹槽
7‧‧‧縫製處
10‧‧‧積層體
第1圖係說明關於本發明之積層體的製造方法之一實施形態的流程圖。
第2圖係藉由關於本發明之積層體的製造方法之一實施形態而可獲得之積層體10的立體圖。
第3圖係藉由關於本發明之積層體的製造方法之一實施形態而可獲得之積層體10之縫製處的截面圖,且為沿著在第2圖以II-II表示之線的截面圖。
本發明的上述作用及益處,係從下面說明之用以實現發明的形態被揭明。以下,基於在圖式顯示的實施形態說明本發明。惟,本發明並非被限定於該實施形態者。再者,於以下顯示的圖係將構成概略地顯示者,並非正確地顯示各構成要素的大小及形狀者。
本發明為一種積層體之製造方法,其係具備下述步驟:使用線來對片狀物施行縫製加工的縫製步驟;在縫製步驟之前或後,或者在該縫製步驟中,使線的至少一部分含浸液體的含浸步驟;以及在藉由縫製步驟及含浸步驟所獲得之片狀成形體的至少一面,使發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層積層的積層步驟。
以下,針對本發明之積層體的製造方法,一面參照第1圖~第3圖一面詳細地說明。
第1圖係說明本發明之積層體的製造方法S10(以下,有時稱為「本發明之製造方法S10」。)的流程圖。如第1圖所示,本發明之製造方法S10係具備:縫製步驟S1a、含浸步驟S1b,及積層步驟S2。又,本發明之製造方法S10亦可具備除去液體的除去步驟S3。
第2圖中係顯示藉由本發明之製造方法S10所獲得之積層體10(以下,有時稱為「積層體10」。)的立體圖。如第2圖所示,積層體10係具有將使用線3對片狀物2施行縫製加工(針趾S)而成的片狀成形體1、發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4及基材5按這個順序來積層的構造。又,積層體10中,係以賦予包含片狀成形體1之表皮彼此有如同被縫合般的美觀為目的,而沿著針趾S形成有凹槽6。如於第3圖之截面圖所表示,線3係包含上線3a及下線3b,而針趾S是藉由使用了該上線3a及下線3b的雙線連鎖縫法(lockstitch)方式,而對片狀物2施行。如於第3圖所示,在積層體10中,上線3a係構成積層體10之設計面(是指在設置了積層體10之際從外部可見的面。以下相同。)的一部分,會發揮提高積層體10設計性的作用。另一方面,下線3b係通常從外部不可見,被配置於發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4被積層之側,且會對於在積層發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4之際防止原料等從縫製處7流出發揮主要的作用。
以下,針對第1圖記載的各步驟進行說明。
(縫製步驟S1a)
縫製步驟S1a係使用線3而對於片狀物2進行縫製加工,並對片狀物2附加針趾花紋的步驟。藉著進行縫製加工,而變得能夠提升積層體10的設計性及商品性。
就線3的形成素材而言,只要液體能夠含浸,則能夠沒有特別限制地使用,可舉出例如聚酯纖維及聚醯胺纖維、天然纖維等。
又,本發明的縫製加工通常使用縫紉機進行
,但進行縫製加工的方法未被特別限制。當使用縫紉機時,線3係包含上線3a與下線3b,但亦能夠採用例如以1條線來進行縫製加工的方法。
在本發明使用之片狀物2的材質未被特別限定,但可舉出氯乙烯樹脂、熱塑性胺基甲酸酯樹脂、熱塑性烯烴樹脂或皮革等。其中,從成型加工性優良、石油依賴低且環境負荷小這樣的觀點來看,較佳為將粉體成形用樹脂組成物予以粉末凝塑成形而可獲得者。
在粉末凝塑成形所使用的粉體成形用樹脂組成物可舉出含有氯乙烯樹脂(PVC)或胺基甲酸酯樹脂(TPU)、乙烯等烯烴樹脂(TPO)等的樹脂組成物,其中,較佳為使用含有氯乙烯樹脂的粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物。
於此處,針對含有氯乙烯樹脂的粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物進行說明。
在粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物所含有之氯乙烯樹脂(a),係較佳為包含平均聚合度為800~5000的氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)。構成該氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)的氯乙烯樹脂,較佳為除氯乙烯的同聚物以外,還包含含有氯乙烯單元50質量%以上,更佳為70質量%以上的共聚物。氯乙烯共聚物之共聚單體的具體例為:乙烯、丙烯等烯烴類;烯丙氯、偏二氯乙烯、氟乙烯、三氟氯乙烯等鹵化烯烴類;乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯等羧酸乙烯酯類;異丁基乙烯基醚、鯨蠟基乙烯基醚等乙烯基醚類;烯丙基-3-氯-2-氧基丙基醚、烯丙基縮水甘油基醚等烯丙基醚
類;丙烯酸、馬來酸、伊康酸、丙烯酸-2-羥乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、馬來酸單甲酯、馬來酸二乙酯、馬來酸酐等不飽和羧酸、其酯或其酸酐類;丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈等不飽和腈類;丙烯醯胺、N-羥甲基丙烯醯胺、丙烯醯胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸、(甲基)丙烯醯胺基丙基三甲基氯化銨等丙烯醯胺類;烯丙胺安息香酸鹽、二烯丙基二甲基氯化銨等烯丙胺及其衍生物類等。於以上所例示之單體僅為可與氯乙烯共聚合的單體的一部分,能夠使用近畿化學協會乙烯基小組委員會編「聚氯乙烯」日刊工業報社(1988年)第75~104頁所例示的各種單體。能夠使用該等單體的1種或2種以上。構成上述氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)之氯乙烯樹脂亦包含:在乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物、氯化聚乙烯等樹脂,接枝聚合有(1)氯乙烯或者(2)氯乙烯與前述之可共聚合的單體的樹脂。
構成上述氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)的氯乙烯樹脂(a)亦能夠藉由懸浮聚合法、乳化聚合法、溶液聚合法、塊狀聚合法等過去以來已知的任一製造法來製造。特佳為藉由懸浮聚合法所製造的氯乙烯樹脂。
上述氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)的平均聚合度較佳為800~5000,更佳為800~3000,進一步較佳為800~2000。再者,平均聚合度是依據JIS K 6720-2所測定。
上述氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)的平均粒徑未被特別限定。該平均粒徑較佳為50μm以上500μm以下,更佳為50μm以上250μm以下,進一步較佳為100μm以上200μm
以下。若氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)的平均粒徑為上述範圍,則粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物的粉體流動性提升,且將上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物予以粉體成形而成之氯乙烯樹脂成形體的平滑性會提升。再者,平均粒徑是依據JIS Z8801所規定之藉由JIS標準篩進行的篩分法所測定。
上述氯乙烯樹脂(a),能夠因應需要含有氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)。上述氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)是作為使粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物的粉體流動性提升的防黏著劑(dusting agent)而發揮功能。
構成上述氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)的氯乙烯樹脂,亦能夠藉由懸浮聚合法、乳化聚合法、溶液聚合法、塊狀聚合法等過去以來已知的任一製造法所製造。特佳為藉由乳化聚合法所製造的氯乙烯樹脂。
構成上述氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)的氯乙烯樹脂之較佳的平均聚合度為500~5000,更佳的該平均聚合度為600~3000,進一步較佳的平均聚合度為700~2500。再者,平均聚合度是依據JIS K 6720-2所測定。
較佳為上述氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)的平均粒徑是0.1μm以上10μm以下。這是因為粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物的粉體流動性會提升。再者,平均粒徑是依據JIS Z8825,使用例如島津製作所(股)製「SALD-2300」而藉由雷射繞射法所測定。
上述氯乙烯樹脂(a)100質量%中氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)的含量,較佳為0~30質量%,更佳為1~30
質量%,進一步較佳為5~25質量%,特佳為8~20質量%。若上述氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)的含量為上述範圍,則粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物的粉體流動性良好。
上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物較佳含有塑化劑。塑化劑的具體例為:偏苯三甲酸三正己酯、偏苯三甲酸三正庚酯、偏苯三甲酸三正辛酯、偏苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三甲酸三正壬酯、偏苯三甲酸三正癸酯、偏苯三甲酸三異癸酯、偏苯三甲酸三正十一烷基酯、偏苯三甲酸三正十二烷基酯、偏苯三甲酸三正烷基(烷基的碳數為6~12的混合)酯、偏苯三甲酸三烷基(烷基的碳數為8~10的混合)酯、偏苯三甲酸三正烷基(烷基的碳數為8~10的混合)酯等偏苯三甲酸酯;苯均四酸四正己酯、苯均四酸四正庚酯、苯均四酸四正辛酯、苯均四酸四(2-乙基己基)酯、苯均四酸四正壬酯、苯均四酸四正癸酯、苯均四酸四異癸酯、苯均四酸四正十一烷基酯、苯均四酸四正十二烷基酯、苯均四酸四正烷基(烷基的碳數為6~12的混合)酯等苯均四酸酯塑化劑;環氧化大豆油、環氧化亞麻仁油等環氧化植物油;苯二甲酸二甲酯、苯二甲酸二乙酯、苯二甲酸二丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)苯二甲酸酯、苯二甲酸二正辛酯、苯二甲酸二異丁酯、苯二甲酸二庚酯、苯二甲酸二苯酯、苯二甲酸二異癸酯、苯二甲酸二(十三烷基)酯、苯二甲酸二(十一烷基)酯、苯二甲酸二苯甲基酯、苯二甲酸丁基苯甲基酯、苯二甲酸二壬酯、苯二甲酸二環己酯等苯二甲酸衍生物;間苯二甲酸二甲酯、二(2-乙基己基)間苯二甲酸酯、間苯
二甲酸二異辛酯等間苯二甲酸衍生物;二(2-乙基己基)四氫苯二甲酸酯、四氫苯二甲酸二正辛酯、四氫苯二甲酸二異癸酯等四氫苯二甲酸衍生物;己二酸二正丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)己二酸酯、己二酸二異癸酯、己二酸二異壬酯等已二酸衍生物;二(2-乙基己基)壬二酸酯、壬二酸二異辛酯、壬二酸二正己酯等壬二酸衍生物;癸二酸二正丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)癸二酸酯、癸二酸二異癸酯、二(2-丁基辛基)癸二酸酯等癸二酸衍生物;馬來酸二正丁酯、馬來酸二甲酯、馬來酸二乙酯、二(2-乙基己基)馬來酸酯等馬來酸衍生物;延胡索酸二正丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)延胡索酸酯等延胡索酸衍生物;檸檬酸三乙酯、檸檬酸三正丁酯、檸檬酸乙醯基三乙酯、乙醯基三(2-乙基己基)檸檬酸酯等檸檬酸衍生物;伊康酸單甲酯、伊康酸單丁酯、伊康酸二甲酯、伊康酸二乙酯、伊康酸二丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)伊康酸酯等伊康酸衍生物;油酸丁酯、單油酸甘油基酯(glyceryl monooleate)、二乙二醇單油酸酯等油酸衍生物;蓖麻油酸甲基乙醯基酯、蓖麻油酸丁基乙醯基酯、單蓖麻油酸甘油基酯、二乙二醇單蓖麻油酸酯等蓖麻油酸衍生物;硬脂酸正丁酯、二乙二醇二硬脂酸酯等硬脂酸衍生物;二乙二醇單月桂酸酯、二乙二醇二壬酸酯、新戊四醇脂肪酸酯等其他的脂肪酸衍生物;磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三丁酯、三(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯、磷酸三丁氧基乙酯、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸甲苯酚基二苯酯(cresyl diphenyl phosphate)、磷酸三甲苯酚基酯、磷酸三(二甲苯基)酯(trixylenyl phosphate)、磷酸參(氯乙基)酯等磷酸
衍生物;二乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇二苯甲酸酯、三乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、三乙二醇二(2-乙基丁酸酯)、三乙二醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)、二丁基亞甲基雙巰基乙醇酸酯等二醇衍生物;單乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、三丁酸甘油酯等甘油衍生物;環氧六氫苯二甲酸二異癸酯、環氧三酸甘油酯、環氧化油酸辛酯、環氧化油酸癸酯等環氧衍生物;已二酸系聚酯、癸二酸系聚酯、苯二甲酸系聚酯等聚酯系塑化劑等所謂的一次塑化劑;還有氯化石蠟、三乙二醇二辛酸酯等二醇的脂肪酸酯、環氧硬脂酸丁酯、油酸苯酯、二氫松脂酸甲酯等所謂的二次塑化劑等。可使用1種或2種以上的塑化劑。當使用二次塑化劑時,較佳為併用與其等質量以上的一次塑化劑。
上述塑化劑的相對於氯乙烯樹脂(a)100質量份之較佳的含量為30~200質量份,更佳的含量為60~170質量份,進一步較佳的含量為90~160質量份。若上述塑化劑的含量是上述範圍,則上述塑化劑會被氯乙烯樹脂(a)良好地吸收,粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物的粉體成形性變得良好。
上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物亦可含有過氯酸處理過的水滑石作為穩定劑。過氯酸處理過的水滑石,能夠容易地藉由下述來製造:例如將水滑石加入至過氯酸的稀釋水溶液中並攪拌,然後因應需要藉由過濾、脫水或乾燥,而水滑石中的碳酸陰離子(CO3 2-)的至少一部分被過氯酸陰離子(ClO4 -)取代(過氯酸陰離子2莫耳取代碳酸陰離子每1莫耳)。上述水滑石與上述過氯酸
的莫耳比可任意地設定,但一般來說,相對於水滑石1莫耳,而過氯酸為0.1~2莫耳。
未處理(未取代)的水滑石中之碳酸陰離子往過氯酸陰離子的取代率,係較佳為50莫耳%以上,更佳為70莫耳%以上,進一步較佳85莫耳%以上。又,未處理(未取代)的水滑石中碳酸陰離子往過氯酸陰離子的取代率,係較佳為95莫耳%以下。
水滑石是以通式[Mg1-xAlx(OH)2]x+[(CO3)x/2‧mH2O]x-所表示的非化學計量化合物,為具有包含帶正電的基本層[Mg1-xAlx(OH)2]x+、與带負電的中間層[(CO3)x/2‧mH2O]x-之層狀結晶構造的無機物質。於此處,x為大於0且0.33以下之範圍的數。天然的水滑石為Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3‧4H2O。有市售合成的水滑石Mg4.5A12(OH)13CO3‧3.5H2O。合成水滑石的合成方法記載於日本特開昭61-174270號公報。
過氯酸處理過的水滑石之相對於粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂100質量份的較佳含量為0.5~7質量份,更佳含量為1~6質量份,進一步較佳含量為1.5~5.5質量份。
上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物可含有沸石作為穩定劑。沸石係以通式Mx/n‧[(AlO2)x‧(SiO2)y]‧zH2O(式中的M為原子價n的金屬離子,x+y為每個單位晶格(unit lattice)的四面體數,z為水的莫耳數)所表示者,就該式中之M的種類而言,可舉出Na、Li、Ca、Mg、Zn等一價或二價的金屬及該等的混合型。
沸石的含量未被限定於特定的範圍。較佳的
該含量係相對於氯乙烯樹脂(a)100質量份而為0.1~5質量份。
上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物亦可含有脂肪酸金屬鹽作為穩定劑。較佳的脂肪酸金屬鹽為一價脂肪酸金屬鹽,更佳的脂肪酸金屬鹽為碳數12以上24以下的一價脂肪酸金屬鹽,進一步較佳的脂肪酸金屬鹽為碳數15以上21以下的一價脂肪酸金屬鹽。脂肪酸金屬鹽的具體例為:硬脂酸鋰、硬脂酸鎂、硬脂酸鋁、硬脂酸鈣、硬脂酸鍶、硬脂酸鋇、硬脂酸鋅、月桂酸鈣、月桂酸鋇、月桂酸鋅、2-乙基己酸鋇、2-乙基己酸鋅、蓖麻油酸鋇、蓖麻油酸鋅(zinc ricinoleate)等。就構成脂肪酸金屬鹽的金屬而言,較佳為能生成多價陽離子的金屬,更佳為能生成2價陽離子的金屬,進一步較佳為能夠生成周期表第3周期~第6周期之2價陽離子的金屬,特佳為能夠生成周期表第4周期之2價陽離子的金屬。最佳的脂肪酸金屬鹽為硬脂酸鋅。
脂肪酸金屬鹽之相對於氯乙烯樹脂(a)100質量份的較佳含量為0.05~5質量份,更佳為0.1~1質量份,進一步較佳為0.1~0.5質量份。若脂肪酸金屬鹽的含量是上述範圍,則可縮小將粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物予以粉體成形而成之氯乙烯樹脂層之色差的值。
上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物能夠含有氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2)以外的防黏著劑(以下,有時稱為「其他的防黏著劑」。)。其他的防黏著劑之具體例為:碳酸鈣、滑石、氧化鋁等無機微粒子;聚丙烯腈樹脂微
粒子、聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯樹脂微粒子、聚苯乙烯樹脂微粒子、聚乙烯樹脂微粒子、聚丙烯樹脂微粒子、聚酯樹脂微粒子、聚醯胺樹脂微粒子等有機微粒子。其中,較佳為平均粒徑為10nm以上100nm以下的無機微粒子。
其他的防黏著劑的含量並未被限定於特定的範圍。該含量較佳為相對於氯乙烯樹脂(a)100質量份,而為20質量份以下,進一步較佳為10質量份以下。
上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物能夠含有:著色劑、耐衝擊性改良劑、過氯酸處理過的水滑石以外的過氯酸化合物(過氯酸鈉、過氯酸鉀等)、抗氧化劑、防黴劑、阻燃劑、抗靜電劑、填充劑、紫外線吸收等光穩定劑、發泡劑、β-二酮類等其他的添加劑。
著色劑的具體例為:喹吖酮系顏料、苝系顏料、多偶氮縮合顏料、異吲哚啉酮系顏料、銅酞青系顏料、鈦白、碳黑。使用1種或2種以上的顏料。喹吖酮系顏料能以濃硫酸處理二鄰胺苯甲酸對苯酯類而獲得,顯示帶黃色的紅色到帶紅色的紫色的色相。喹吖酮系顏料的具體例為:喹吖酮紅、喹吖酮品紅、喹吖酮紫。苝系顏料係藉由苝-3,4,9,10-四羧酸酐與芳香族一級胺的縮合反應所獲得,顯示從紅色到紫紅色、茶色的色相。苝系顏料的具體例為:苝紅、苝橙、苝栗色(perylene maroon)、苝朱紅(perylene vermilion)、苝棗紅(perylene Bordeaux)。多偶氮縮合顏料為偶氮色素在溶劑中被縮合而高分子量化而可獲得,顯示黃色、紅色系顏料的色相。多偶氮縮合顏料的具體例為:多偶氮紅、多偶氮黃、克勞莫夫
塔爾橙(Cromophtal Orange)、克勞莫夫塔爾紅、克勞莫夫塔爾猩紅。異吲哚啉酮系顏料可藉由4,5,6,7-四氯異吲哚啉酮與芳香族一級二胺的縮合反應獲得,顯示從帶綠色的黃色到紅色、褐色的色相。異吲哚啉酮系顏料的具體例為:異吲哚啉酮黃。銅酞青系顏料為在酞青素類配位有銅的顏料,且顯示帶黃色的綠色到亮藍色的色相。銅酞青系顏料的具體例為:酞菁綠、酞菁藍。鈦白為由二氧化鈦構成的白色顏料,且隱蔽力大且有:銳鈦礦型與金紅石型。碳黑係以碳為主成分,並包含氧、氫、氮的黑色顏料。碳黑的具體例為:熱碳黑、乙炔黑、槽製碳黑、爐法碳黑、燈黑、骨黑。
耐衝擊性改良劑的具體例為:丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、氯化聚乙烯、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、氯磺化聚乙烯等。可使用1種或2種以上的耐衝擊性改良劑。耐衝擊性改良劑係在粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物中成為微細的彈性粒子的不均勻相而分散。當上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物含有氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)時,已接枝聚合在該彈性粒子的鏈及極性基會與氯乙烯樹脂粒子(a1)相溶,且氯乙烯樹脂層的耐衝撃性提升。
抗氧化劑的具體例為:酚系抗氧化劑、硫系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑等。
防黴劑的具體例為:脂肪族酯系防黴劑、烴系防黴劑、有機氮系防黴劑、有機氮硫系防黴劑等。
阻燃劑的具體例為:氯化石蠟等鹵素系阻燃
劑;磷酸酯等磷系阻燃劑;氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鋁等無機氫氧化物等。
抗靜電劑的具體例為:脂肪酸鹽類、高級醇硫酸酯類、磺酸鹽類等陰離子系抗靜電劑;脂肪族胺鹽類、第四級銨鹽類的陽離子系抗靜電劑;聚氧乙烯烷基醚類、聚氧乙烯烷基酚醚類等非離子系抗靜電劑等。
填充劑的具體例為:氧化矽、滑石、雲母、碳酸鈣、黏土等。
光穩定劑的具體例為:苯并三唑系、二苯甲酮系、鎳螫合物系等紫外線吸收劑;受阻胺系光穩定劑等。
發泡劑的具體例為:偶氮二甲醯胺、偶氮雙異丁腈等偶氮化合物;N,N'-二亞硝基五亞甲基四胺等亞硝基化合物;p-甲苯磺醯肼(p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide)、p,p-氧基雙(苯磺醯肼)(p,p-oxybis(benzensulfonyl hydrazide))等磺醯肼化合物等有機發泡劑;氟氯烷氣體、碳酸氣、水、戊烷等揮發性烴化合物;內含有該等之微膠襄等氣體系的發泡劑等。
β-二酮類係能夠為了更有效地抑制將上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物粉體成形所獲得的氯乙烯樹脂層之初期色調的變動,而用來作為穩定劑。β-二酮類的具體例為:二苯甲醯基甲烷、硬脂醯基苯甲醯基甲烷、棕櫚醯基苯甲醯基甲烷等。該等β-二酮類可使用1種,亦可組合2種以上而使用。
β-二酮類的含量未被限定於特定的範圍。較佳的該含量係相對於氯乙烯樹脂(a)100質量份,而為0.1~5質量
份。
氯乙烯樹脂(a)及因應需要所添加之添加劑的混合方法並未被限定。較佳的混合方法為將塑化劑及防黏著劑(氯乙烯樹脂微粒子(a2))以外的成分藉由乾摻混混合,然後將塑化劑、防黏著劑依次混合的方法。乾摻混中較佳為亨舍爾混合機(Henschel mixer)的使用。又,乾摻混時的溫度較佳為50~100℃,更佳為70~80℃。
本發明之片狀物2係較佳為將上述粉體成形用樹脂組成物予以粉體成形,更佳為將上述粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物予以粉末凝塑成形而獲得。粉末凝塑成形時的模具溫度較佳為200℃以上300℃以下,更佳為220℃以上280℃以下。上述片狀物2可藉由下述而適宜地獲得:將上述粉體成形用樹脂組成物灑在上述溫度範圍的模具並放置5秒以上30秒以下,然後,抖落剩餘的該組成物,進一步放置30秒以上3分鐘以下之後,將模具冷卻至10℃以上60℃以下,並從模具脫模。再者,上述片狀物2可適宜地使用來作為汽車用儀表板、或儀表板以外的汽車內飾材料,例如門飾板等的表皮。
上述片狀物2的厚度並未被限定於特定範圍。較佳的該厚度為100μm~3mm,進一步較佳的該厚度為500μm~2mm,特佳的該厚度為800μm~1.5mm。
(含浸步驟S1b)
含浸步驟S1b係使線3的至少一部分含浸液體的步驟,可在縫製步驟S1a之前或後,或者在該縫製步驟中進行。藉由使線3的至少一部分含浸液體,而變得能夠在後述
積層步驟S2中防止發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4的發泡聚胺基甲酸酯從片狀成形體1之設計面的縫製處7流出。關於使線3含浸液體的部分,並無特別限制,但較佳為至少使線3將片狀物2貫通的部位附近之線的至少一部分含浸液體。於此處,所謂「貫通的部位附近」是指線3之中,橫跨片狀成形體1的厚度方向而線3將片狀物1貫通的部位(例如,於第3圖以A表示的部位),及/或在平行於片狀成形體厚度方向的方向只有線的厚度份突出的部位(例如,於第3圖以B表示的部位)。當線3係包含上線與下線時,較佳為至少使下線的至少一部分含浸液體。
又,含浸步驟S1b較佳為在縫製步驟S1a之前進行。可藉由在縫製步驟S1a之前進行含浸步驟S1b,而選擇性地僅在線3含浸液體。即,在積層步驟S2之時,能夠防止發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4與液體的過度副反應,因此能夠抑制所獲得之積層體10品質的參差。
在線3含浸液體的方法,係只要液體能夠含浸於線3,則無特別限制,但可舉出例如對線3滴下、噴霧液體,或者將線3浸於液體等方法。
在本發明中,使線3含浸的液體,較佳為沸點是80~1000℃,更佳為沸點是150~1000℃,進一步較佳為沸點是250~1000℃。當本發明之製造方法S10需要長時間時,可適宜地使用高沸點的液體。作為在上述沸點之範圍的液體,可舉出例如水、塑化劑、流動石蠟等,其中較佳為塑化劑。再者,所謂此處所稱之「塑化劑」,係意味著對於成形用樹脂組成物作為塑化劑而作用者
,較佳為作為氯乙烯樹脂的塑化劑而作用者。又,在線3中,較佳為液體的含浸率是0.1~50%,更佳的含浸率為0.5~45%,進一步較佳的含浸率為3~45%,特佳的含浸率為5~40%。
使線含浸的塑化劑,只要是上述沸點之範圍,則能夠沒有特別限制地使用。具體而言有:偏苯三甲酸三正己酯、偏苯三甲酸三正庚酯、偏苯三甲酸三正辛酯、偏苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三甲酸三正壬酯、偏苯三甲酸三正癸酯、偏苯三甲酸三異癸酯、偏苯三甲酸三正十一烷基酯、偏苯三甲酸三正十二烷基酯、偏苯三甲酸三正烷基(烷基的碳數為6~12的混合)酯、偏苯三甲酸三烷基(烷基的碳數為8~10的混合)酯、偏苯三甲酸三正烷基(烷基的碳數為8~10的混合)酯等偏苯三甲酸酯;苯均四酸四正己酯、苯均四酸四正庚酯、苯均四酸四正辛酯、苯均四酸四(2-乙基己基)酯、苯均四酸四正壬酯、苯均四酸四正癸酯、苯均四酸四異癸酯、苯均四酸四正十一烷基酯、苯均四酸四正十二烷基酯、苯均四酸四正烷基(烷基的碳數為6~12的混合)酯等苯均四酸酯塑化劑;環氧化大豆油、環氧化亞麻仁油等環氧化植物油;苯二甲酸二甲酯、苯二甲酸二乙酯、苯二甲酸二丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)苯二甲酸酯、苯二甲酸二正辛酯、苯二甲酸二異丁酯、苯二甲酸二庚酯、苯二甲酸二苯酯、苯二甲酸二異癸酯、苯二甲酸二(十三烷基)酯、苯二甲酸二(十一烷基)酯、苯二甲酸二苯甲基酯、苯二甲酸丁基苯甲基酯、苯二甲酸二壬酯、苯二甲酸二環己酯等
苯二甲酸衍生物;間苯二甲酸二甲酯、二(2-乙基己基)間苯二甲酸酯、間苯二甲酸二異辛酯等間苯二甲酸衍生物;二(2-乙基己基)四氫苯二甲酸酯、四氫苯二甲酸二正辛酯、四氫苯二甲酸二異癸酯等四氫苯二甲酸衍生物;己二酸二正丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)己二酸酯、己二酸二異癸酯、己二酸二異壬酯等已二酸衍生物;二(2-乙基己基)壬二酸酯、壬二酸二異辛酯、壬二酸二正己酯等壬二酸衍生物;癸二酸二正丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)癸二酸酯、癸二酸二異癸酯、二(2-丁基辛基)癸二酸酯等癸二酸衍生物;馬來酸二正丁酯、馬來酸二甲酯、馬來酸二乙酯、二(2-乙基己基)馬來酸酯等馬來酸衍生物;延胡索酸二正丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)延胡索酸酯等延胡索酸衍生物;檸檬酸三乙酯、檸檬酸三正丁酯、檸檬酸乙醯基三乙酯、乙醯基三(2-乙基己基)檸檬酸酯等檸檬酸衍生物;伊康酸單甲酯、伊康酸單丁酯、伊康酸二甲酯、伊康酸二乙酯、伊康酸二丁酯、二(2-乙基己基)伊康酸酯等伊康酸衍生物;油酸丁酯、單油酸甘油基酯、二乙二醇單油酸酯等油酸衍生物;蓖麻油酸甲基乙醯基酯、蓖麻油酸丁基乙醯基酯、單蓖麻油酸甘油基酯、二乙二醇單蓖麻油酸酯等蓖麻油酸衍生物;硬脂酸正丁酯、二乙二醇二硬脂酸酯等硬脂酸衍生物;二乙二醇單月桂酸酯、二乙二醇二壬酸酯、新戊四醇脂肪酸酯等其他的脂肪酸衍生物;磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三丁酯、三(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯、磷酸三丁氧基乙酯、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸甲苯酚基二苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酚基酯、磷酸三(二甲苯基)酯、磷酸參(氯乙基)酯等
磷酸衍生物;二乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇二苯甲酸酯、三乙二醇二苯甲酸酯、三乙二醇二(2-乙基丁酸酯)、三乙二醇二(2-乙基己酸酯)、二丁基亞甲基雙巰基乙醇酸酯等二醇衍生物;單乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、三丁酸甘油酯等甘油衍生物;環氧六氫苯二甲酸二異癸酯、環氧三酸甘油酯、環氧化油酸辛酯、環氧化油酸癸酯等環氧衍生物;已二酸系聚酯、癸二酸系聚酯、苯二甲酸系聚酯等聚酯系塑化劑等所謂的一次塑化劑;以及氯化石蠟、三乙二醇二辛酸酯等二醇的脂肪酸酯、環氧硬脂酸丁酯、油酸苯酯、二氫松脂酸甲酯等所謂的二次塑化劑等。可使用1種或2種以上的塑化劑。當使用二次塑化劑時,較佳為併用與其等質量以上的一次塑化劑。
(積層步驟S2)
積層步驟S2係在藉由縫製步驟S1a及含浸步驟S1b所獲得之片狀成形體1的至少一面,積層發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4的步驟。
積層步驟S2可舉下述方法:在分別製作了片狀成形體1與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4之後,藉由熱熔融黏著或熱接著或者使用公知的接著劑等而貼合的方法;使成為發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4之原料的異氰酸酯類與多元醇類等反應來進行聚合,同時藉由公知的方法進行聚胺基甲酸酯的發泡,藉此而將片狀成形體1與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4予以積層的方法等。後者係步驟簡樸,且在獲得種種形狀之積層體的情形亦能夠確實地進行本發明之片狀成形體1與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4的接著,因而較為合
適。再者,當藉由後者的方法,而於片狀成形體1積層發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4時,較佳為設計面中,至少在縫製處(例如,第3圖的符號7)先配置覆蓋縫製處的構件。藉著至少先配置覆蓋縫製處的構件,而變得能夠進一步提高防止聚胺基甲酸酯的原料等從縫製處流出的效果。覆蓋縫製處的構件只要是按著縫製處之形狀者則未被特別限定,為金屬製、樹脂製、木材等即可。
若依據本發明,則藉由使用上述片狀成形體1,藉由上述例示出之任一方法,而即使是積層發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4的情形,亦能夠便宜且簡易地防止接著劑或發泡聚胺基甲酸酯的原料等從縫製處7流出。又,若依據本發明,則例如即使是將片狀成形體1於乾燥環境下放置規定時間(例如2小時),亦能夠保持上述效果。
又,在積層步驟S2中,亦可進一步於發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4襯裡有基材5。可藉由具有基材5,而提高積層體的剛性。於本發明使用之基材5並未被特別限定,能夠使用金屬製、合成樹脂製等公知的材料。積層基材5的方法並未被特別限定,但可舉下述方法:在分別製作了片狀成形體1與發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4的積層體、及基材5之後,藉著熱熔融黏著或熱接著或者使用公知的接著劑等來貼合的方法;在片狀成形體1與基材5之間,聚胺基甲酸酯利用上述公知的方法進行發泡的方法等。後者係步驟簡樸,且在獲得種種形狀的積層體時,亦能夠確實地進行發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層4與基材5的接著,因而較為合適。
(除去步驟S3)
本發明亦可在積層步驟S2之後具備除去步驟S3,其係除去將已使線含浸之液體的至少一部分。藉著設置除去步驟S3,而能夠提供已使線含浸之液體的至少一部分被除去的積層體10。
除去步驟S3係只要能夠除去已使線含浸之液體的至少一部分,則其方法並無特別限制。可舉出例如下述方法:風乾或加熱藉由本發明之製造方法S10所獲得之積層體10,來除去已使線含浸之液體的至少一部分。惟,當加熱積層體10來除去液體時,較佳為在能夠維持積層體10的品質的溫度範圍內進行。例如較佳為在40~100℃進行。
於以下,藉著實施例進一步詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並非被限定於實施例者。再者,於此處使用之「份」及「%」若無特別說明,則為質量基準。
<胺基甲酸酯洩漏確認評價>
如於後說明地進行,而製作了在片狀成形體積層發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層而成的積層體;其中該片狀成形體係使用指定的線對片狀物施行有縫製加工。計數各條件的針趾數量,以目視確認了胺基甲酸酯是從其中幾處有洩漏。於此處,所謂「胺基甲酸酯洩漏」是指從設計面的針趾部可看見胺基甲酸酯。將發生此胺基甲酸酯洩漏的針趾數量除以總針趾數量,求出胺基甲酸酯洩漏發生比例。將結果顯示於表2。若胺基甲酸酯洩漏發生比例低於
15%,則可說是能夠防止了胺基甲酸酯洩漏。
(實施例1)
<片狀物的製作>
將於表1顯示之摻合成分之中除了塑化劑及防黏著劑以外的成分置入亨舍爾混合機來混合,在混合物的溫度上升到80℃的時間點添加塑化劑後,進行乾涸(dry-up)(係指塑化劑被氯乙烯樹脂粒子吸收,而上述混合物變成乾爽的狀態。),然後,在組成物被冷卻至70℃以下的時間點,添加為防黏著劑之乳化聚合氯乙烯樹脂,調製了粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物。
將粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物灑在已加熱為250℃之附有壓紋的模具,放置以使氯乙烯樹脂成形片的厚度成為1mm之方式調整過的時間(具體而言為8~18秒)而使其熔融之後,抖落剩餘的該組成物,靜置於已設定於200℃的烘箱,然後在經過了60秒的時間點藉由水冷卻模具,在模具溫度被冷卻至40℃的時間點,將150mm×200mm×1mm厚的氯乙烯樹脂成形片(以下,稱為為片狀物」)從模具脫模。
<含浸步驟>
測定了筒管單體的重量之後,將ACE CROWN車輛用# 8捲取於筒管,並測定了筒管整體的重量。然後,由筒管側面,利用滴管來將塑化劑(TRIMEX N-08,沸點=430℃,花王(股)製)滴下,使線含浸了塑化劑。測定使線含浸了塑化劑之後的筒管整體的重量,並求出了相對於線之液體的含浸率。將所獲得之含浸率顯示於表2。
<縫製步驟>
在含浸步驟後立即對於片狀物施行了縫製加工。使用的縫紉機為JUKI公司製LU-2860-7。縫製線使用了ACE CROWN車輛用# 5作為上線,並使用了在上述含浸步驟中使含浸了液體的ACE CROWN車輛用# 8作為下線。以針趾間隔為3針趾/cm、速度為3.3針趾/sec來縫製了9~10cm左右的長度。將其在相同的成形片上縫製加工3條(縫製編號:1~3),製作了關於實施例1之片狀成形體。
<積層步驟>
在200mm×300mm×10mm的模具之下,放置250mm×340mm×2mm的鋁板,將所獲得之片狀成形體2片以使附有壓紋的面成為蓋側的方式分別暫時固定在348mm×255mm×10mm之模具的蓋,將包含丙二醇的PO‧EO嵌段加成物(羥值28、末端EO單位的含量10%、內部EO單位的含量4%)50質量份、甘油的PO‧EO嵌段加成物(羥值21、末端EO單位的含量14%)50質量份、水2.5質量份、三乙二胺的乙二醇溶液(Tosoh(股)製,商品名:「TEDA-L33」)0.2質量份、三乙醇胺1.2質量份、三乙胺0.5質量份及整泡劑(信越化學工業(股)製,商品名:「F-122」)0.5質量份的多元醇混合物,與聚亞甲基聚伸苯基聚異氰酸酯(聚合MDI),以指數成為98的比率進行混合來製作混合液,並將其注入模具,以暫時固定有上述片狀成形體的蓋來密閉了模具。5分鐘後,將積層體從模具取出,該積層體係於包含1mm厚之片狀成形體的表皮,有9mm厚‧密度0.18g/cm3的發泡聚胺基甲酸酯及上述鋁板按這個順
序襯裡的試料。
<除去步驟>
風乾藉由積層步驟所獲得之積層體,除去已使線含浸之液體的至少一部分,藉此而獲得了關於實施例1之積層體。
(實施例2)
除了將在實施例1使用之使線含浸的液體從塑化劑變更為水(沸點=100℃,離子交換水)以外,係與實施例1同樣地進行來製作了關於實施例2之積層體。
(比較例1)
除了取消實施例1的含浸步驟以外,係與實施例1同樣地進行來製作了關於比較例1之積層體。
如於表2顯示般,關於實施例1及2之積層體,係任何一者亦皆未發生胺基甲酸酯洩漏。另一方面,關於比較例1之積層體,係胺基甲酸酯洩漏的發生比例高。
<片狀成形體的乾燥實驗>
(實施例3)
除了將與實施例1同樣地進行所獲得之片狀成形體,在積層步驟之前以40℃乾燥了2小時以外,係與實施例1同樣地進行來製作了關於實施例3之積層體。
(實施例4)
除了將與實施例2同樣地進行所獲得之片狀成形體,在積層步驟之前以40℃乾燥了2小時以外,係與實施例2同樣地進行來製作了關於實施例4之積層體。
針對關於實施例3及實施例4之積層體,以與上述同樣的方法來進行了胺基甲酸酯洩漏確認評價。將其結果顯示於表3。此外,實施例3及實施例4,由於在製作了片狀成形體後有進行乾燥,並未求出含浸率。
關於實施例3之積層體,係相較於關於比較例1之積層體而胺基甲酸酯洩漏的發生比例極低。又,針對關於實施例4之積層體,亦相較於關於比較例1之積層體而胺基甲酸酯洩漏的發生比例為大幅度地低的值。由本結果確認了:藉由含浸步驟及縫製步驟所獲得之片狀成形體,係即便在乾燥條件下放置了規定時間之後進行積層步驟,亦能防止胺基甲酸酯洩漏。茲認為在該乾燥實驗所確認到的實施例3及4之胺基甲酸酯洩漏的發生比例的差異,是因沸點的不同所致。因此可說:於實施本發明之際,在從含浸步驟之後到積層步驟為止之間需要長時間的狀況,係能夠適宜地使用高沸點的液體。
Claims (12)
- 一種積層體之製造方法,其係具備下述步驟:使用線來對片狀物施行縫製加工的縫製步驟;在該縫製步驟之前或後,或者在該縫製步驟中,使該線的至少一部分含浸液體的含浸步驟;以及在藉由該縫製步驟及該含浸步驟所獲得之片狀成形體的至少一面,使發泡聚胺基甲酸酯層積層的積層步驟。
- 如請求項1之積層體之製造方法,其中在該含浸步驟中,在藉由該縫製步驟及該含浸步驟所獲得之該片狀成形體中,至少使該線貫通該片狀成形體之部位附近的該線的至少一部分含浸該液體。
- 如請求項1或2之積層體之製造方法,其在該縫製步驟之前進行該含浸步驟。
- 如請求項1或2之積層體之製造方法,其具備在該積層步驟之後,將已使該線所含浸之該液體的至少一部分除去的除去步驟。
- 如請求項1或2之積層體之製造方法,其中該片狀物係將粉體成形用樹脂組成物予以粉末凝塑成形而成者。
- 如請求項5之積層體之製造方法,其中該粉體成形用樹脂組成物為含有氯乙烯樹脂的粉體成形用氯乙烯樹脂組成物。
- 如請求項6之積層體之製造方法,其中該氯乙烯樹脂的平均聚合度為800~5000。
- 如請求項6或7之積層體之製造方法,其中該粉體成形 用樹脂組成物係相對於該氯乙烯樹脂100質量份,而包含塑化劑30~200質量份。
- 如請求項1或2之積層體之製造方法,其中該液體的沸點為50~1000℃。
- 如請求項9之積層體之製造方法,其中該液體為水或塑化劑。
- 如請求項1或2之積層體之製造方法,其中該液體的含浸率為0.1~50%。
- 如請求項1或2之積層體之製造方法,其中該線包含上線及下線,且在該含浸步驟中,該上線及該下線之中,至少使該下線的至少一部分含浸該液體。
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