TW201340795A - 金屬配線用轉印基板及藉由該轉印基板形成金屬配線之方法 - Google Patents

金屬配線用轉印基板及藉由該轉印基板形成金屬配線之方法 Download PDF

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TW201340795A
TW201340795A TW101141732A TW101141732A TW201340795A TW 201340795 A TW201340795 A TW 201340795A TW 101141732 A TW101141732 A TW 101141732A TW 101141732 A TW101141732 A TW 101141732A TW 201340795 A TW201340795 A TW 201340795A
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metal
metal wiring
wiring material
substrate
transfer
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TW101141732A
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English (en)
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TWI563885B (en
Inventor
Toshinori Ogashiwa
Masaaki Kurita
Takashi Nishimori
Yukio Kanehira
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Tanaka Precious Metal Ind
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/48Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326
    • H01L21/4814Conductive parts
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    • H01L24/11Manufacturing methods
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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    • B23K35/001Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
    • B23K35/007Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of copper or another noble metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K35/322Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C a Pt-group metal as principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B15/00Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C18/00Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
    • C23C18/16Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
    • C23C18/1601Process or apparatus
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    • C23C18/1646Characteristics of the product obtained
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Abstract

本發明,係由基板、形成在前述基板上之至少一種的金屬配線素材、形成在前述金屬配線素材之表面上所形成之至少1層的被覆層、形成在前述基板與前述金屬配線素材之間之基底材金屬膜所形成之使前述金屬配線素材轉印於被轉印物所用之轉印基板,前述金屬配線素材,係將純度99.9重量%以上,平均粒徑0.01μm~1.0μm之金粉等金屬粉末燒結而成之成形體,前述被覆層,為金等既定之金屬或合金,係由與前述金屬配線素材不同之組成之金屬或合金來形成,且其合計厚度在1μm以下,前述基底金屬膜,係由金等既定的金屬或合金所形成之轉印基板。本發明之轉印基板,可降低被轉印物側之加熱溫度。

Description

金屬配線用轉印基板及藉由該轉印基板形成金屬配線之方法
本發明,係關於在半導體晶圓,化合物晶圓,MEMS晶圓等之被轉印物上形成金屬配線用之轉印基板及利用其之金屬配線方法。
隨著半導體晶片等之電子零件的實裝密度高密度化,該實裝方法從以往之打線接合法,如覆晶封裝法般之將半導體晶片直接連接之非打線實裝法逐漸成為主流。使用此實裝方法之電子零件之製造工程,係在元件晶圓之半導體晶片上之端子電極或是對於半導體晶片之連接用外部電極上形成凸塊而構成金屬配線,將其對基板上倒裝焊接。又,在形成凸塊前,一般而言係在端子電極等上實施金屬化處理而形成屏障金屬層,在其上形成凸塊。
做為凸塊形成製程之以往的方法,一般而言係使用電鍍法。藉由電鍍法所形成之凸塊,由於具有緻密且良好之電氣傳導性,因此被認為做為電極是有用的。然而,藉由電鍍法所形成之凸塊,有無法充分對應今後被認為會更進化之金屬 配線的微細化之虞。因此,提案如專利文獻1之使用轉印基板之藉由轉印法而形成凸塊之方法。
在藉由轉印基板而形成凸塊之方法,係預先在玻璃等基板上形成成為凸塊之配線素材而製作轉印基板。然後,在預先金屬化處理過之晶圓罩上轉印基板加壓、加熱,使配線素材轉印於晶圓上而形成凸塊之方法。此方法,藉由加壓、加熱之控制而可將轉印基板上之任意的配線素材轉印至晶圓之任意位置,在使金屬配線微細化可能之同時,也可對於迴避晶圓上之不良區域之配線形成,而可迴避素材之浪費。
【先前專利文獻】 【專利文獻】
【專利文獻1】日本專利特開平5-144870號公報
在使用上述轉印基板之形成凸塊的過程,轉印基板及晶圓之加熱為必要。具體而言,在上述以往之轉印基板,使晶圓側之加熱溫度為300~400℃,轉印基板側之加熱溫度為100~200℃。然而,若使晶圓側之加熱溫度為高溫(300℃以上),在晶圓上形成半導體回路之情況,會有對於回路之損傷之虞。因此,本來在轉印凸塊時之加熱溫度低者為佳,但是無法隨便將晶圓側之加熱溫度降低。這是由於,以往之轉印基板上之凸塊,一般而言係藉由電鍍法形成,但是為了使以電鍍所形成之凸塊確實地轉印至晶圓上,須使晶圓與凸塊充分接合,因此高溫加熱為必要。
然後,若從晶圓上之半導體回路保護的觀點來看,在晶圓上形成半導體回路後,以盡量少之工程來形成凸塊為佳。這點,不僅是在上述般之轉印時之加熱,為了形成屏障層之金屬化處理對於半導體回路也會成為負荷。
本發明,係以上述課題為背景而做成,對於藉由轉印法在晶圓等之被轉印物上形成金屬配線用之轉印基板,提供可減輕高溫加熱等之被轉印物所受到的負荷。又,也開示對於使用此轉印基板之形成金屬配線的方法。
本發明者們,為了解決上述課題,首先,為了謀求轉印基板之轉印溫度之低溫化,考慮本發明者等所具有之技術知識而進行檢討。然後,發現高純度且為燒結微細粒徑之金屬粉末而成之成形體,在比較低溫的時候也可接合於被轉印物,以及,其可發揮做為金屬配線之功能。
然後,本發明者們,更重複檢討,考慮如上述之金屬粉末的燒結體,由於該表面性狀因此容易轉印,以及藉由在燒結體之表面上在可維持該表面狀態之範圍使金屬被覆,而可使金屬被覆層做為以往之屏障金屬層作用,而想到本發明。
亦即,本發明為一種轉印基板,係由基板、形成在前述基板上之至少一種的金屬配線素材、形成在前述金屬配線素材之表面上所形成之至少1層的被覆層、形成在前述基板與前述金屬配線素材之間之基底材金屬膜所形成之使前述金屬配線素材轉印於被轉印物所用之轉印基板,其特徵在於:前述金屬配線素材,係將純度99.9重量%以上,平均粒徑0.01μm ~1.0μm之從金粉、銀粉、白金粉、鈀粉、銅粉所選擇之一種以上之金屬粉末燒結而成之成形體,前述被覆層,為金、銀、白金、鈀、釕、銠、銥、鉻、鈦、鎢、鉭、鎳、銅、鋯等任一之金屬或合金,係由與前述金屬配線素材不同之組成之金屬或合金來形成,且其合計厚度在1μm以下,前述基底金屬膜,係由金、銀、白金、鈀、釕、銠、銥、鉻、鈦、鎢、鉭、鎳、銅、鋯等任一金屬或其合金所形成。
以下,對於本發明詳細說明。如上述,與本發明有關之轉印基板,其特徵在於:應用燒成既定之金屬粉末而形成之燒結體做為轉印於被轉印物(晶圓)之金屬配線素材(凸塊)。由此燒結體形成之金屬配線素材,與藉由先前技術之電鍍法所形成之緻密者不同,為多孔質,其表面上存在微小的凹凸。然後,在轉印時,燒結體係與被轉印物表面點接觸。根據本發明者們所指出的,藉由此多孔質所形成之點接觸狀態,被認為可減低與被轉印物面之接合所需要之溫度。然後,藉由此,可使被轉印物側之溫度降低至較以往還低的溫度(300℃以下)。
對於由此燒結體所形成之金屬配線素材,之所以規定所燒結之金屬粉末之純度、粒徑之金屬,是由於關於純度,係考慮轉印後做為凸塊時之導電性。亦即,由於若純度未滿99.9重量%,則有無法確保所需要的通電性之虞。又,關於金屬粉末之粒徑,由於超過1.0μm之金屬粉,在成形體容易產生大的間隙,最終而言無法確保必要的通電性。又,金屬粉末之粒徑以細者為佳,但未滿0.01μm之粒徑的粉末則操作性 差,因此以0.01μm為下限。
由燒結體形成之金屬配線素材,雖為多孔質,其密度為金屬粉密度之0.45~0.95倍為佳。若使燒結進行,則金屬配線素材會成為緻密之物,其密度會近似於塊體之金屬的密度。若超過塊體金屬的密度之0.95倍,則金屬配線素材會過硬,因此轉印會變得困難。另一方面,若未滿塊體金屬之0.45倍,則金屬粉之間之接觸變得不充分而缺乏導電性,而不適於做為金屬配線。
又,金屬配線素材係藉由金粉、銀粉、白金粉、鈀粉、銅粉,或是這些金屬之合金粉構成。係考慮了做為凸塊之導電性之物。金屬配線素材,可僅燒結一種這些的金屬粉末,也可混合2種以上。例如,可單獨燒結金粉,也可將金粉與鈀粉混合,金粉與銀粉混合等,而將此燒結。
然後,在本發明,在由金屬粉末之燒結體所形成之金屬配線素材之表面上具備金屬的被覆層。此被覆層,係在轉印後,存在於被轉印物與金屬配線素材(凸塊)之間做為金屬屏障層作用。藉由此,對於被轉印物之金屬化處理變得不需要,而可減輕對被轉印物之負荷。但是,為了維持上述之藉由燒結體表面之點接觸之接合的容易性,被覆層之厚度需要為可維持燒結體的表面狀態之程度之薄層。因此,被覆層之厚度需要在1μm以下。但是,做為被覆層之下限值以0.003μm為佳。這是由於若比此還薄,則難有確保做為金屬膜之連續性之故。
構成被覆層之金屬,係由金、銀、白金、鈀、釕、銠、銥、鉻、鈦、鎢、鉭、鎳、銅、鋯等任一金屬或其合金, 而為與金屬配線素材不同之金屬。又,被覆層之構造,以緻密質之薄膜狀者為佳。又,雖可為單層,但也可為複數之金屬所形成之多層構造,合計的厚度只要在1μm以下即可。
金屬配線素材,並非直接形成於基板,而是在基板與金屬配線素材之間形成了基底金屬膜。基板多使用玻璃基板,但玻璃缺乏與金屬之接合性,若直接形成金屬配線素材,則在轉印基板之操作時有容易脫落之虞。因此,為了確保與金屬配線素材之密著性而形成基底金屬膜。此基底金屬膜,係由金、銀、白金、鈀、釕、銠、銥、鉻、鈦、鎢、鉭、鎳、銅、鋯等任一金屬或其合金所形成。
此基底金屬膜,也可為與金屬配線素材相同組成之金屬。這點與被覆層不同。但是,較佳的情況為不同組成之金屬膜。若為與金屬配線素材相同之組成,則金屬配線素材與基底金屬膜之密著性變高,在對於被轉印物之轉印時,金屬配線素材有殘留在基板之虞。但是,即使基底金屬膜與金屬配線素材為相同組成,也可藉由轉印時之加熱條件得調整等而提高金屬配線素材與被轉印物之密著性,而可迴避殘留,因此也並非一定要求組成不同。
基底金屬膜,厚度以在1~100nm為佳。若未滿1nm,則基底金屬膜與基板之密著性低,無法確保金屬配線素材之密著性。又,關於上限雖沒有特別限制,但即使為超過100nm之厚度,效果也沒有差別。然後,藉由在上述之範圍內調整基底金屬膜之厚度,而可進行金屬配線素材之轉印率的調整。這是由於若基底金屬膜與金屬配線素材為相同材質的情況 (例如,在玻璃基板上使用Au做為基底金屬膜,使用Au粉末做為金屬配線素材之情況),由於基底金屬膜與金屬配線素材之密著性變高,因此藉由使基底金屬膜之厚度薄,而可在轉印時使基底金屬膜從基板剝離。使此基底金屬膜薄,而在轉印時使其剝離之方法,相較於使基底金屬膜厚之情況,有更可抑制金屬配線素材之殘留的情況,因此為有效果的轉印率之調整。如此,以轉印時之剝離為目的而使基底金屬膜薄之情況,該厚度為構成金屬配線素材之金屬粉末之平均粒子徑的1/3以下為佳。
基底金屬膜可為單層也可為形成複數層。例如,也可在玻璃基板上形成鈦膜,在其上形成金膜。也可在熱處理如此之多層膜而使鈦擴散於最表面上之同時使其氧化而形成氧化物。
又,Cr、W、TiW等為易氧化之金屬,若將其以單層使用之情況,也可先將其表面氧電漿處理而使表面氧化膜安定化。此氧電漿處理,係指在臭氧或氧氣氛中之大氣壓或減壓下之電漿處理。
形成金屬配線素材之基板,一般而言材質使用玻璃或樹脂補強後之玻璃,但也可應用其他矽、鐵鎳鈷合金等之金屬。又,其厚度雖也沒特別限制,但考慮操作性與轉印之安定性而以50~500μm為佳。
做為與本發明有關之轉印基板之製造工程,相對於玻璃等之基板,形成基底金屬膜,之後更進行金屬配線素材之形成,再形成被覆層。基底金屬膜之形成,可應用濺鍍法、 電鍍法、CVD法等各種薄膜製造製程。
另一方面,關於金屬配線素材之形成,如至此所敘述的,在本發明中,燒結金屬粉而形成金屬配線素材。關於此由金屬粉所形成之金屬配線素材之形成,對於金屬粉適當添加有機溶劑而使用金屬糊料成形為佳。糊料,係如後述所示可以多樣的方法塗布,且也可對應配線的微細化。
做為金屬糊料之有機溶劑,以酯醇、葱品醇、松油、二甘醇丁醚醋酸酯、二甘醇丁醚、二甘醇乙醚為佳。例如,做為較佳的酯醇系有機溶劑,可舉出2,2,4-三甲基-3-羥基五異丁酸酯(C12H24O3)。這是由於可使本溶劑在相較低溫下乾燥之故。
又,除了上述有機溶劑,金屬糊料,也可含有從丙烯系樹脂、纖維素系樹脂、醇酸樹脂選出之一種以上。若更添加了這些樹脂等,則金屬糊料中之金屬粉的凝集被防止,而變得更均值,而可形成沒有不平衡之凸塊。又,做為丙烯系樹脂,可舉出甲基丙烯酸聚合物,做為纖維素系樹脂可舉出乙基纖維素,做為醇酸樹脂可舉出無水苯二酸。然後,其中又特別以乙基纖維素為佳。
金屬糊料之塗布工程並沒有特別限定,例如,可將凸塊形狀之模具載至在基板上,在其中充填金屬糊料。又,也可同於以往之藉由電鍍法形成凸塊,而使用光阻。做為金屬糊料之塗布法,可使用旋轉塗布法、網版印刷法、噴墨法、藉由以矽膠製刮刀將滴下之糊料推展開而充填孔內的方法等各種方法。
金屬糊料塗布後,在塗布.乾燥金屬糊料之需要燒結。藉由此,糊料中之金屬粒子互相之間以及接合構件的接合面(糊料塗布面)與金屬粒子之間,形成互相為點接觸之接近狀態,做為金屬配線素材之形狀安定。此燒結溫度,以80~300℃為佳。這是由於若未滿80℃則不會產生點接觸。另一方面,若在超過300℃燒結,則燒結過度進行,金屬粉末間之頸化進行而強固結合,成為過硬的狀態之故。又,超過300℃之加熱會有產生玻璃基板之變形之虞。又,燒結時之加熱時間,以30~120分為佳。這是由於在短時間燒結爐之溫度不安定而無法充分燒結,又,若過長時間則有損生產性之故。又,此燒結,以在沒有壓力負荷之狀態進行為佳。
被覆層之形成,關於薄膜狀之被覆層,同於基底金屬,可應用濺鍍法、電鍍法、CVD法等各種薄膜製造製程。
接著,與本發明有關之藉由轉印基板之對於被轉印物之金屬配線之形成方法,基本上係與藉由以往之轉印法相同。亦即,將轉印基板在形成了金屬配線素材的面係與被轉印物(晶圓)對向之狀態重疊,加熱轉印基板及被轉印物之同時將金屬配線素材押壓,使金屬配線素材與被轉印物接合後,將轉印基板除去。此時在本發明中,轉印基板之加熱溫度為80~200℃,被轉印物之加熱溫度為80~300℃。
在本發明中,可使被轉印物之加熱溫度為80~300℃,較以往之藉由轉印基板之轉印工程低溫。然後,對於此被轉印物之加熱溫度,以100~200℃為佳。這是為了使金屬配線素材確實從轉印基板轉印,然後,有效地防止從被轉印物 到轉印基板之熱傳導所造成之過熱。又,做為轉印基板之加熱溫度,以100~200℃更佳。
又,在此轉印法,金屬配線素材之對於被轉印物之押壓亦即加壓是必要的,但此壓力以在金屬配線素材的降伏強度以下為佳。這是由於大幅超過降伏強度的加壓會使金屬配線素材變形,無法確保既定的高度或形狀之故。具體而言,相對於金屬配線素材之降伏強度,為0.1~1.5倍之加壓力為佳。
又,在被轉印物,在形成金屬配線之部位上,預先形成含有構成轉印基板之金屬配線素材金屬之金屬所形成之電極膜為佳。這是為了確實使金屬配線素材轉印之故。但是,沒有必要為完全相同之組成。例如,金屬配線素材為由金粉與銀粉之混合體所形成之情況,對於被轉印物之電極膜以金構成即可。又,此電極膜,可為單層也可為多層,只要最表面係與金屬配線素材同系的金屬所形成即可。
如以上所說明,與本發明有關之轉印基板,可使轉印時之被轉印物之加熱溫度即使為低溫也可安定的使金屬配線素材轉印。藉由此,可抑制被轉印物上之半導體晶片等之損傷。更且,藉由本發明,可不進行被轉印物之金屬化處理而在凸塊下部形成金屬層,因此從這點也可減輕被轉印物所受到的負荷。
第1圖係概略說明在本實施形態中金屬配線之形成工程之 圖。
第1實施形態:使用玻璃基板製造轉印基板,使用此對於Si晶圓進行金屬配線形成。
(轉印基板之製造)
首先,在玻璃基板(直徑尺寸100mm、4英吋、平均厚度500μm)上將Pt藉由濺鍍成膜做為基底金屬膜。Pt膜形成,係以逆濺鍍(Ar壓力2.8×10-1Pa、RF輸出250W、濺鍍時間60秒)清洗玻璃基板後,使用Pt靶,以Ar壓力7.0×10-1Pa、DC輸出500W、濺鍍時間115秒的條件成膜,形成厚度20nm之Pt膜。
接著,使用由Au粉末所形成之金屬糊料,在玻璃基板上形成金屬配線素材。在此所使用之金屬糊料,係藉由濕式還原法所製造之混合純度99.95重量%的金粉(平均粒徑:0.3μm),與做為有機溶劑之醚醇(2,2,4-三甲基-3-羥基五異丁酸酯(C12H24O3))而調整之物。關於金屬配線素材之形成,係在玻璃基板上塗布光阻,使用通常之光蝕技術形成複數的貫通孔。然後,使金屬糊料滴下在光阻的表面上,藉由旋轉塗布法將光阻之貫通孔內充填金糊料。接著,將塗布糊料後之基板在保持50℃以下之溫度之乾燥器中乾燥。在乾燥後之金屬糊料上形成被覆層。
之後,藉由有機溶劑剝離光阻。光阻剝離後,將基板投入電氣爐,燒結金屬粉末而形成金屬配線素材。燒結溫度係在90℃加熱1小時。在本實施形態中,以等間隔在基板上 形成100個矩形之金屬配線素材(直徑尺寸50μm、高度25μm)。
又,被覆層之形成,藉由電鍍法之被覆層形成,可適當使用市售的電鍍液,以建議的條件成膜。又,被覆層也可以濺鍍法形成,這也可使用市售之濺鍍靶材。
(對於晶圓之轉印)
使用上述所製造之轉印基板,對於Si晶圓進行配線形成。第1圖,係說明該工程之圖。如第1圖所示,將本實施形態所製造之轉印用玻璃基板吸著設置在上部加熱塊,將形成配線之Si晶圓(尺寸100mm、4英吋)設置於下部加熱塊。在Si晶圓的表面上,形成Ti/Pt/Au(厚度50nm/50nm/200nm)做為電極膜。轉印基板及Si晶圓之設置後,降下上部加熱塊,使轉印基板與Si晶圓密著。然後,將上部加熱塊加熱至150℃,下部加熱塊加熱至150℃,以加壓力30MPa將上部加熱塊押壓,維持此押壓狀態10分鐘。時間經過後,使上部加熱塊上升。又,此時之加壓力,係預先設定為在150℃以下所測定之金粉末燒結體之降伏強度(21MPa)之1.4倍。
使上部加熱塊上升後,確認了轉印基板之金屬配線素材的殘存狀況,沒有存在轉印殘留,全部的金屬配線素材轉印至Si晶圓上,金屬配線的形成被確認。又,關於被轉印之金屬配線,測定其個別的高度,確認了差異,確認到在±0.5μm之範圍內,其形狀也良好。
第2實施形態:在此,將構成轉印基板上之金屬配線素材之金屬粉末(金屬糊料)、基底基屬膜、被覆層之構成進行各種變更而製造轉印基板,分別使用其而對Si晶圓進 行金屬配線形成。轉印基板之製造條件,除了金屬粉末之種類及為了形成基底金屬用之靶材質(基底金屬膜為何金的情況,使用相同組成之合金靶)以外,同於第一實施形態。所製造之轉印基板之構成係如下。
使用上述各種轉印基板,進行對於Si晶圓之金屬配線形成。對於這些試驗,變更一部分Si晶圓上的金屬膜。又,下部區塊之加熱溫度也有一部分變更。此試驗結果示於表2。
由上述表2可知,可確認到以各種金屬粉末形成金屬配線素材之情況,或是變更基底金屬膜之情況,皆在300℃以下之低溫下可確實轉印。當然,不管在怎麼低溫,若晶圓側之加熱溫度低之情況,轉印率有惡化之傾向(試驗NO.29)。
又,在使用粒徑粗之金屬粉末之情況(試驗NO.30),即使相對提高晶圓側之加熱溫度,轉印率仍差。更且,若觀察關於被覆層,厚度超過1μm之情況,可見到轉印率之低下(試驗NO.31、32)。
第3實施形態:在此,對於第2實施形態之試料NO.20~32,同於第2實施形態形成凸塊。測定凸塊之剪切強度(接合力)。在此之加壓力設定2種(1MPa、5MPa)。又,剪切強度的測定係藉由黏結強度測定器進行。其結果示於表3。
從表3,若考慮金粉末燒結體之降伏強度(21MPa),則被覆層的厚度超過1μm之情況(試驗NO.6(試料NO.25)與試驗NO.10(試料NO.29),剪切強度較20MPa還小而強度不足。然後,使被覆層厚度在1μm以下的試料,皆保持良好的強度。這被認為是如上述,若被覆層變後則無法維持金屬配線素材之表面狀態,做為燒結體之接合性低下之故。
【產業上之可利用性】
本發明,在對於半導體晶圓、化合物晶圓、MEMS晶圓等之被轉印物上之金屬配線形成中,可提供較以往低溫之加工工程,而可對於金屬配線之微細化,品質保持貢獻。

Claims (8)

  1. 一種轉印基板,係由基板、形成在前述基板上之至少一種的金屬配線素材、形成在前述金屬配線素材之表面上所形成之至少1層的被覆層、形成在前述基板與前述金屬配線素材之間之基底材金屬膜所形成之使前述金屬配線素材轉印於被轉印物所用之轉印基板,其特徵在於:前述金屬配線素材,係將純度99.9重量%以上,平均粒徑0.01μm~1.0μm之從金粉、銀粉、白金粉、鈀粉、銅粉所選擇之一種以上之金屬粉末燒結而成之成形體,前述被覆層,為金、銀、白金、鈀、釕、銠、銥、鉻、鈦、鎢、鉭、鎳、銅、鋯等任一之金屬或合金,係由與前述金屬配線素材不同之組成之金屬或合金來形成,且其合計厚度在1μm以下,前述基底金屬膜,係由金、銀、白金、鈀、釕、銠、銥、鉻、鈦、鎢、鉭、鎳、銅、鋯等任一金屬或其合金所形成。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之轉印基板,其中,基底金屬膜,係由與金屬配線素材不同之組成之金屬或合金所形成。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之轉印基板,其中,厚度為1~100nm。
  4. 一種形成金屬配線之方法,係使申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之轉印基板與被轉印物對向重疊,在加熱前述轉 印基板及前述被轉印物之同時,押壓前述轉印基板而使金屬配線素材與前述被轉印物接合而轉印之金屬配線之形成方法,其特徵在於:使前述轉印基板之加熱溫度為80~200℃,使前述被轉印物之加熱溫度為80~300℃。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之金屬配線之形成方法,其中,押壓轉印基板時之壓力,為金屬配線素材之降伏強度之0.1~1.5倍。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第4項之金屬配線之形成方法,其中,在被轉印物上形成由包含了構成轉印基板之金屬配線素材之金屬之金屬而成之電極膜後,轉印金屬配線素材。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第5項之金屬配線之形成方法,其中,在被轉印物上形成由包含了構成轉印基板之金屬配線素材之金屬之金屬而成之電極膜後,轉印金屬配線素材。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第4至7項中任一項之金屬配線之形成方法,其中,係塗布純度99.95重量%以上,平均粒徑0.01μm~1.0μm之金粉、銀粉、白金粉、鈀粉、銅粉所選擇之一種以上之金屬粉末與有機溶劑所形成之金屬糊料,燒結而製造轉印基板之金屬配線素材。
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