TW201209988A - Semiconductor integrated circuit - Google Patents

Semiconductor integrated circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201209988A
TW201209988A TW100103782A TW100103782A TW201209988A TW 201209988 A TW201209988 A TW 201209988A TW 100103782 A TW100103782 A TW 100103782A TW 100103782 A TW100103782 A TW 100103782A TW 201209988 A TW201209988 A TW 201209988A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wafer
semiconductor
integrated circuit
region
peripheral circuit
Prior art date
Application number
TW100103782A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Byoung-Kwon Park
Jong-Chern Lee
Original Assignee
Hynix Semiconductor Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hynix Semiconductor Inc filed Critical Hynix Semiconductor Inc
Publication of TW201209988A publication Critical patent/TW201209988A/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/065—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L27/00
    • H01L25/0657—Stacked arrangements of devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C5/00—Details of stores covered by group G11C11/00
    • G11C5/02—Disposition of storage elements, e.g. in the form of a matrix array
    • G11C5/025—Geometric lay-out considerations of storage- and peripheral-blocks in a semiconductor storage device
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    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/12—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates
    • H01L23/14—Mountings, e.g. non-detachable insulating substrates characterised by the material or its electrical properties
    • H01L23/147—Semiconductor insulating substrates
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    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H01L23/50—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor for integrated circuit devices, e.g. power bus, number of leads
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    • H01L2224/131—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a metal or a metalloid, e.g. boron [B], silicon [Si], germanium [Ge], arsenic [As], antimony [Sb], tellurium [Te] and polonium [Po], and alloys thereof
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    • H01L2224/13144—Gold [Au] as principal constituent
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    • H01L2224/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
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    • H01L2225/03—All the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/648 and H10K99/00
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Description

201209988 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明之例示性實施例係關於一種半導體設計技術，且 更特定言之，係關於-種具有三維（3D)堆疊封裝之積體電 路（ic)。 本申請案主張2 0丨0年8月2 7日申請之韓國專利申請案第 1〇-2〇10-0083498號之優先權，該案之全文以引用之方式併 入本文中。 【先前技術】 用於半導體積ϋ電路（IC)之封裝㈣已錢半導體1(：小 型化及獲得安裝可靠性方面取得進步。舉例而言為了在 使電/電子裝置小型化時仍然獲得足夠之效能，已開發出 堆疊封裝。由於需要電/電子產品之小型化及高效能，此 項技術中已揭示用於堆疊封裝之各種技術。 術堆噎」在半導體業界指代兩個或兩個以上之晶片 或封裝之垂直堆叠堆。藉由使用堆疊封裝，在（例如）記憶 體裝置之狀況下，記憶體裝置之記憶體容量可比經由傳統 半導體整合製程可獲得之記憶體容量大兩倍或兩倍以上。 再者，堆疊封裝不僅提供記憶體容量之增加，而且提供安 裝密度及安裝面積利用效率之增加。 可笔由以下方法製造堆疊封裝：堆疊個別半導體晶片且 接著一步封裝該等堆疊之半導體晶片的方法，或堆疊先前 已封裝之個別半導體晶片之方法。堆疊封裝之個別半導體 日日片可經由金屬線或晶片通孔而彼此電搞接。此處，使用 I53476.doc 201209988 s日片通孔之堆疊封裳具有如下結構：晶片通孔形成於半導 體晶片内，且該等半導體晶片經由晶片通孔垂直地彼此實 體且電麵接。此處，晶片通孔可為石夕通孔（丁sv)。 圖1說明用於堆疊封裝之習知半導體晶片。 參看圖1’經由以下步驟形成用於堆疊封裝之半導體晶 月C在半‘體晶片入中形成一介層孔（叫，及藉由以具 有大導電率之金屬(例如’銅(Cu))填充該介層孔而形成」 日日片通孔（through-chip vla)B。藉由堆疊複數個半導體晶 片c且將該複數個堆疊之半導體晶片c安裝在印刷電路板 (PCB)上而製造半導體積體電路（IC) ^所製造之半導體積 體電路（1C)可稱為三維（3D)堆疊封裝半導體積體電路 (1C)。 圖2為說明三維（3D)堆疊封裝半導體積體電路（IC)之橫截 面圖。 在此描述中，藉由採用包括一個主控晶片及四個受控晶 片之半導體積體電路（1C)之實例來描述三維（31))堆疊封裝 半導體積體電路（1C)。 參看圖2，展示習知三維（3D)堆疊封裝半導體積體電路 (ic)ioo。半導體積體電路（IC)1〇〇包括：耦接至外部控制 器300之封裝基板11〇、堆疊於封裝基板11〇之上側面上之 主控晶片120、垂直穿透主控晶片120之第二晶片通孔 130、垂直堆疊於主控晶片120之上側面上之第一至第四受 控晶片140a、140b、140c及140d，及垂直穿透第一至第四 受控晶片140a、140b、140c及140d之複數個第一晶片通孔 153476.doc 201209988 150a 、 150b 、 150c及150d 。 封裝基板11 0將主控晶片120電耦接至外部控制器300。 輛接至第二晶片通孔13〇之金屬線形成於封裝基板110之上 側面上。耦接至外部控制器3〇〇之焊球丨12形成於封裝基板 110之底部上。金屬線與焊球112經由各別路線彼此耦接。 封裝基板110經由焊球112與外部控制器300介接以將各 種信號及供電電壓傳遞至主控晶片12〇。另一方面，封裝 基板110經由焊球112將來自主控晶片12〇之各種信號及供 電電壓傳遞至外部控制器3〇〇。此處，封裝基板11〇可為由 聚合物製成之印刷電路板（PCB)。 回應於來自外部控制器3〇〇之經由封裝基板11〇所施加之 信號及供電電壓，主控晶片12〇經由複數個第一晶片通孔 150a 150b、150c及150d控制第一至第四受控晶片i4〇a' l4〇b l4〇c&l4〇d。主控晶片120包括用於控制第一至第 四受控晶片140a、140b、140c及140d之周邊電路區域（未 展示）。 此處主控曰曰片120之周邊電路區域包括用於輸入/輸出 各種k號之輸入/輸出緩衝器、用於輸入/輸出資料之資料 輸入/輸出電路，及用於輸入/輸出位址及命令之狀態機（不 包括用於儲存資料之記憶胞陣列區域）。 第一至第四受控晶片M〇a、14〇b、^以及l4〇d包括上文 所論述之記憶胞陣列區域，該記憶胞陣列區域用於回應於 主控晶片120之控制而儲存資料或提供所儲存資料。記憶 胞陣列區域包括記憶㈣列及歸儲存資料或提供所儲存 153476.doc 201209988 資料之最小電路。 第二晶片通孔1 30及複數個第一晶片通孔j 5〇a、j 5〇b、 15 0c及150d為用於介接信號及供電電壓之矽通孔（TSV)。 習知半導體積體電路（1C) 100具有以下特徵。 在與將第一至弟四受控晶片14〇a、140b、140c及140d — 次性或依序堆疊於主控晶片i 2 〇上之步驟分開執行基板丨2 〇 上之主控晶片120的步驟時，生產成本可能增加。 此外，由於包括於主控晶片120中之周邊電路區域安置 於未形成焊球112及金屬線之區中，故主控晶片12〇可能經 歷信號完整性（SI)之惡化。 另外，封裝基板110、主控晶片120以及第一至第四受控 晶片14〇a、140b、14以及14〇(1各自可能需要一獨立設備來 製造。歸因於在改變晶片配置及印刷電路板設計時對設備 之重設，生產成本及時間可能增加。 【發明内容】 本發明之貫施例係針對一種半導體積體電路（〖C)，該1C 用於使晶片通孔之數目最小化以獲得信號完整性（SI)方面 之改良且減小生產成本及生產時間。 根據本發明之一實施例，一種半導體積體電路⑽，該 IC包括：—半導體晶片，該半導體晶片包括-記憶胞陣 列；複數個第-晶片通孔’該複數個第一晶片通孔經組態 以垂直貫穿該半導體晶片且作為用於—信號及—供電電壓 之一介面而操作；及一半導體基板， 周邊電路區域及一導電率圖案區域， 該半導體基板包括一 該周邊電路區域耦接 153476.doc 201209988 至該複數個第一晶片通孔且經組態以控制該半導體晶片， 該導電率圖案區域經組態以作為該周邊電路區域與一外部 控制器之間的用於該信號及該供電電壓之一介面而操作。 根據本發明之另一實施例，一種半導體積體電路（Ic)， 該ic包括：在一半導體基板上堆疊一半導體晶片，該半導 體晶片包括一記憶胞陣列；及形成經配置以耦接至複數個 第一晶片通孔的一周邊電路區域及經組態以作為該周邊電 路區域與一外部控制器之間的用於一信號及一供電電壓之 一介面而操作的一導電率圖案區域，其中該等第一晶片通 孔麵接於該半導體晶片與該周邊電路區域之間，且該周邊 電路區域及該導電率圖案區域之諸部分係同時形成。 【實施方式】 下文將參看隨附圖式更詳細地描述本發明之例示性實施 例。然而，本發明可以不同形式體現，且不應被解釋為限 於本文中所闡述之實施例。實情為，提供此等實施例以使 得本發明將為詳盡且完整的，且將向熟習此項技術者充分 傳達本發明之範嘴。在本發明全篇中，在本發明之各種圖 及實施例中相同參考數字始終指代相同部分。 在田述中，藉由採用包括一個半導體基板及四個晶片 通孔之封裝之實例來描述本發明。 圖3為說明根據本發明之實施例的具有三維（3D)堆疊封 裝之半導體積體電路（IC)的橫截面圖。 在圖3中展示半導體晶片及晶片通孔之橫截面圖，其中 每曰曰片或通孔與圖2中之相對應元件大體上相同。 153476.doc 201209988 參看圖3，半導體積體電路（IC)200包括：用於將各種信 號及供電電壓與外部控制器300介接的半導體基板21〇、垂 直堆疊於半導體基板210之上側面上的第一至第四半導體 晶片220A、220B、220C及220D，及垂直穿入第一至第四 半導體晶片220A、220B、22〇C及22〇D中的第一晶片通孔 230A、230B、230C及230D。第一晶片通孔包括石夕通孔 (TSV)。 半導體基板210包括形成於半導體基板210之上側面上之 周邊電路區域212及導電率圖案區域214。半導體基板21〇 包括形成於半導體基板210之底面上之外部連接端子216。 外部連接端子21 6包括焊球。 半導體基板210包括複數個第二晶片通孔24〇，該複數個 第二晶片通孔240垂直貫穿半導體基板21〇且將導電率圖案 區域214與外部連接端子216電耦接。該複數個第二晶片通 孔240包括矽通孔（TSV)。 圖4為說明圖3中之半導體基板之平面圖。 參看圖3及圖4，周邊電路區域212耦接至複數個第一晶 片通孔230A、230B、230C及23〇D，且經由該複數個第一 晶片通孔230A、230B、230C及230D控制第—至第四半導 體晶片 220A、220B、220C及 220D。 雖然圖式中未展示，但周邊電路區域212包括各種輸入/ 輸出緩衝器、用於輸人/輸出資料之資料輸人/輸出電路， 及用於輸入/輪出位址及命令之狀態機。導電率圖案區域 214包括複數條金屬線，該複數條金屬線用於將周邊電路 153476.doc 201209988 區域212電耦接至第二晶片通孔24〇。該複數條金屬線各自 可為具有大導電率之金屬（諸如，銅（Cu))。 半導體基板210可為用於將周邊電路區域212及導電率圖 案區域214整合於基板中之矽基板。 同時’如同導電率圖案區域214—樣，第二晶片通孔240 可為具有大導電率之金屬（諸如，銅（Cu))。複數個第二晶 片通孔240可為矽通孔（TSV)。 雖然圖式中未展示’但第一至第四半導體晶片22〇a、 220B、220C及220D包括一記憶胞陣列區域，在該記憶胞 陣列區域中儲存資料，且回應於周邊電路區域212之輸出 而將資料提供至該記憶胞陣列區域。記憶胞陣列區域可包 括用於儲存及提供資料之最小電路，例如，用於解碼位址 之解碼器及記憶胞陣列。 複數個第一晶片通孔230A、230B、230C及230D在周邊 電路區域212與第一至第四半導體晶片22〇a、220B、220C 及220D之間介接信號及供電電壓。 複數個第一晶片通孔230A、230B、230C及230D各自由 具有大導電率之金屬（諸如，銅（Cu))及矽通孔TSv形成。 雖然圖式中未展示’但複數個第一晶片通孔23〇A、 230B、230C及230D各自經由凸塊墊（bump pad)耦接至半導 體晶片220A、220B及220C中之一相對應者及半導體基板 210 °
根據本發明之實施例，半導體積體電路（IC)200包括用 於控制第一至第四半導體晶片220A、220B、220C及220D 153476.doc -10- 201209988 之周邊電路區域212，且包括用於將周邊電路區域212與外 4控制器300電耦接之導電率圖案區域214，其中周邊電路 區域212及導電率圖案區域214形成於單—基板21〇上。以 此方式’在執行堆疊封裝製程時，歸因於堆疊製程之數目 的減少，生產成本及生產時間得以減少，此處，由於不將 主從晶片堆疊於半導體基板110上，故使用一步堆疊法來 簡化製造過程且減少成本，其中將半導體晶片一步堆疊於 半導體基板210上。 由於周邊電路區域210及導電率圖案區域214安置於半導 體基板210中，故可視適當情況判定兩者的配置。因此， 由於周邊電路區域210及導電率圖案區域214既不彼此分開 也不疋女置於各別有限空間内，故可藉由適當安置周邊電 路區域210及導電率圖案區域214來獲得適當的信號完整性 (SI)以減小線路負載。 當同時執行周邊電路區域210之製造及導電率圖案區域 214之製造時，同時執行針對兩個區域所執行之相同製程 (諸如，金屬線之製造過程）以藉由減少製造過程之數目來 減少生產成本及生產時間。 根據本發明之一例示性實施例，藉由使用一共同晶片通 孔來傳遞信號，可減小用於傳遞根據操作模式在不同時間 啟用之k號的晶片通孔之數目。因此，可減小半導體積體 電路（1C)之總面積，且可增加淨晶粒。 雖然已關於特足實施例描述本發明，但熟習此項技術者 將顯而易見，可在不脫離如以下申請專利範圍中所界定的 153476.doc 11 201209988 本發明之精神及範疇的情況下進行各種改變及修改。 雖然已說明矽基板，但本發明並不限於此，且可應用於 其他狀況，該等其他狀況包括用於在同一基板上形成周邊 電路區域及導電圖案區域之任何合理適合的基板。 根據本發明之一例示性實施例，半導體積體電路（IC)具 有第 aa片通孔及第·一晶片通孔。然而，半導體積體電路 (1C)可包括更多晶片通孔（例如，數百或數千個）。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1說明用於堆疊封裝之習知半導體晶片； 圖2為說明具有三維（3D)堆疊封裝之習知半導體積體電 路（1C)的橫截面圖； 圖3為說明根據本發明之實施例的具有三維（3 D)堆疊封 裝之半導體積體電路（1C)的橫截面圖；及 圖4為說明圖3中之封裝基板之平面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 半導體積體電路 110 封裝基板 112 焊球 120 主控晶片 130 第一晶片通孔 140A 第一受控晶片 140B 第二受控晶片 140C 第三受控晶片 140D 第四受控晶片 153476.doc 201209988 150A 第·一晶片通孔 150B 第一晶片通孔 150C 第一晶片通孔 150D 第一晶片通孔 200 半導體積體電路 210 半導體基板 212 周邊電路區域 214 導電率圖案區域 216 外部連接端子 220A 半導體晶片 220B 半導體晶片 220C 半導體晶片 220D 半導體晶片 230A 第·一晶片通孔 230B 第·一晶片通孔 230C 第一晶片通孔 230D 第一晶片通孔 240 第二晶片通孔 300 外部控制器 A 半導體晶片 B 晶片通孔 C 半導體晶片 I53476.doc -13 -

Claims (1)

  1. 201209988 七、申請專利範圍： 1· 一種半導體積體電路，其包含： 一記憶胞陣列； 一晶片通孔經組態 一 1吕说及—供電電 一半導體晶片，該半導體晶片包括 複數個第一晶片通孔，該複數個第 以垂直貫穿該半導體晶片且作為用於 壓之—介面而操作；及 一半導體基板，該半導體基板包括—周邊電路區域及 2電率圖案區域’該周邊電路區域㈣至該複數個第 -晶片通孔且經組態以控制該半導體晶片，該導電率圖 案區域經组態以作為該周邊電路區域與—外部控制器之 間的用於該信號及該供電電壓之一介面而操作。 2·:凊求項1之半導體積體電路，其進一步包含複數個外 部連接端子，該複數個外料接端子經組態以電编接至 該外部控制器。 3·如4求項2之半導體積體電路，其中該冑邊電路區域及 °亥導電率圖案區域形成於該半導體基板之一第一側面 上，該複數個外部連接端子形成於該半導體基板之一相 對側面上。 4.如靖求項3之半導體積體電路，其中該複數個外部連接 端子形成於該半導體基板之一側面上。 5_如m求項4之半導體積體電路，其進一步包含複數個第 二晶片通孔，該複數個第二晶片通孔將該導電率圖案區 域耦接至該複數個外部連接端子。 6·如喷求項5之半導體積體電路，其中該複數個第一晶片 153476.doc 201209988 一 >5夕通孔 、 及°亥複數個第二晶片通孔各自包括 (TSV) 〇
    如靖求項1之半導體積體電路， 矽基板。 其中該半導體基板為一 8. 如°月求項1之半導體積體電路，其中該導電率圖案區域 包括一金屬線。 9. 如請求項1之半導體積體電路，其進一步包含： 至夕一凸塊墊，該至少一凸塊墊經組態以將該複數個 第一晶片通孔中之-相對應者電連接至該周邊電路區 域。 10.如請求項2之半導體積體電路’其中該複數個外部連接 端子包括焊球》 11·如請求们之半導體積體電路，其中該導電率圖案區域 包括一導電率圖案，該導電率圖案形成於該半導體基板 之側面上且將該周邊電路區域連接至貫穿該半導體基 板之複數個第二晶片通孔。 12·如請求項丨丨之半導體積體電路，其中該等第二晶片通孔 女置於该周邊電路區域之相對側。 13 · —種方法，其包含： 在一半導體基板上堆疊一半導體晶片，該半導體晶片 包括一記憶胞陣列；及 形成一周邊電路區域及一導電率圖案區域，該周邊電 路區域經配置以耦接至複數個第一晶片通孔，該導電率 圖案區域經組態以作為該周邊電路區域與一外部控制器 153476.doc 201209988 之間的用於一信號及一供電電壓之一介面而操作，其中 該等第一晶片通孔耦接於該半導體晶片與該周邊電路區 域之間，且該周邊電路區域及該導電率圖案區域之諸部 分係同時形成。 14.如明求項13之方法，其進一步包含形成貫穿該半導體基 板之複數個第一晶片通孔’其中第二導電率圖案區域包 括-導電率圖案，料電率圖案形成於該半導體基板之 側面上且連接違周邊電路區域與該複數個第二晶片通 孑L 。 153476.doc
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