TW201144071A - Insulation material providing structural integrity and building elements and composites made thereof - Google Patents

Insulation material providing structural integrity and building elements and composites made thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201144071A
TW201144071A TW100100984A TW100100984A TW201144071A TW 201144071 A TW201144071 A TW 201144071A TW 100100984 A TW100100984 A TW 100100984A TW 100100984 A TW100100984 A TW 100100984A TW 201144071 A TW201144071 A TW 201144071A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
layer
concrete
insulation
foamed
foamed sheet
Prior art date
Application number
TW100100984A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jurgen Weidinger
Mika Meller
Jie Li
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Armacell Enterprise Gmbh
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Application filed by Armacell Enterprise Gmbh filed Critical Armacell Enterprise Gmbh
Publication of TW201144071A publication Critical patent/TW201144071A/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J47/00—Kitchen containers, stands or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass; Cutting-boards, e.g. for bread
    • A47J47/02—Closed containers for foodstuffs
    • A47J47/04—Closed containers for foodstuffs for granulated foodstuffs
    • A47J47/06—Closed containers for foodstuffs for granulated foodstuffs with arrangements for keeping fresh
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J47/00—Kitchen containers, stands or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass; Cutting-boards, e.g. for bread
    • A47J47/01—Kitchen containers, stands or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass; Cutting-boards, e.g. for bread with dispensing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/045—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B19/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/047—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B29/007—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/046—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0264—Polyester
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/08—Closed cell foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/56—Damping, energy absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

201144071 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種用於隔熱及隔音之絕緣材料（其具有 高機械強度，從而由其本身提供結構上完整性）、及其與 諸如混凝土之其他建材之複合物（其用於提供預絕緣之建 築物元件）、該材料與其複合物之製造及其用途。 【先前技術】 絕緣（尤其在近幾年）已變成建築物及建造領域之重要部 份。新穎節能法規及綜合能源效率與生態趨勢已導致重大 發展，包括在最終裝備前經預絕緣之建築物元件。用於 (例如）牆壁絕緣之材料主要係以呈多種類及複合物形式之 發泡聚胺基曱酸酯（PU)及發泡聚苯乙烯（PS)為主之有機塑 料發泡體；例如德國專利DE 102005032557描述其中混凝 土係澆鑄於絕緣材料（其中該絕緣材料係用作鑄模）上之簡 單複合物，德國專利DE 10003213、DE 19631 800及其他專 利描述類似材料；CN 201236412描述在模製過程中PS與混 凝土之複合物；英國專利GB 1367759主張基於PS之多層複 合物，且美國專利US 4459334、US 4028158、US 4130614、 英國專利 GB 1182657、GB 1161045、日本專利 JP 11035727、 JP 8021018、JP 2215521、韓國專利 KR 100592052、KR 102006021127、KR 102006022043、瑞典專利 SE 514501、 歐洲專利EP 2116753、德國專利DE 19815933、中國專利 CN 201236411等將傳統PU/PS絕緣主體改變成多層複合 物。然而，經濟且因此廣泛散佈之該等PU/PS及類似材料 152825.doc 201144071 當然顯示某些缺陷，例如脆性、不足之衝擊強度、潮濕時 膨脹、過高之可壓縮性、大體上低機械水準、不良裝備特 性等，該等特性在其用於建築物絕緣及其製造時係不利。 已對傳統PU/PS絕緣之改良作一些檢驗，例如在KR 102006019102中聚苯乙烯發泡體係由塊狀聚對苯二甲酸乙 二酯（PET)支撐，或在 KR 102006021128、KR 100517732 及 NL 8103038中係由PET薄膜或層支撐。德國專利DE 102004011775主張其中發泡珠係經焊接在蜂巢結構上之 板，並提出除其他以外可用PET作發泡珠材料。KR 102006114854描述其中除其他以外視PET為發泡材料之隔 音板。一般而言，PET或亞烷基對苯二甲酸酯已顯示基本 上符合建築工業要求：將塊狀PET用於防水已在日本專利 JP 2002264249、CA 2281031 及 KR 102006115089 中提及； 對苯二甲酸酯聚酯（呈塊狀形式）與以礦石為主之建材（例如 混凝土）之相容性已顯示於多種發明中，例如歐洲專利EP 1537168、日本專利 JP 2001038322 或 JP 2002356354 及 JP 10278057(後者主張回收PET薄片之用途；曰本專利JP 2〇04100337提及壓製於不織布墊之間用於絕緣之回收PET 之用途）。塊狀PET之安定性及結構強度已用於（例如）日本 專利JP 1013 1125及JP 2002004574中之混凝土部份之澆 鑄；對苯二曱酸酯發泡體之製造已在某些文獻中經提及， 例如歐洲專利EP 0866089、美國專利第5288764號、曰本 專利 JP 51 17501、JP 62004729、WO 1997015627 及 WO 2001051549 (日本專利JP 8151470提及製成發泡體之回收 152825.doc 201144071 材料）；其等在建築物及建造窗臺中之用途係主張於德國 專利DE 1011 71 7 7中，且其等用作建築工業中之絕緣材料 之用途係主張於日本專利JP 4142363、JP 57038119及JP 2000053796號中。後者揭示密度為1〇至6〇〇 kg/m3(該範圍 由於過大而不與預期使用所需要之適當機械特性相關聯） 之PET發泡體，且三個文獻均未揭示提供結構上完整性之 可能性及用於混凝土澆鑄並連接至PET上之PET之特定適 宜性。德國專利DE 02005006855提及可承受其他建造元件 之某些重量負載之充當抗熱橋絕緣材料之PET發泡元件； 然而，PET作為發泡體之實際強度及在澆鑄期間與（例如） 混凝土直接連接之可能性均未在建築物及建造領域中被任 何上述先前技術完整地理解或檢驗。上述材料提供在多種 情況中之足夠絕緣性（必須注意通常導熱值係由仍在該等 泡孔中之發泡氣體提供（如同聚苯乙烯及聚胺基甲酸酯之 通常情況）且尚未經可導致絕緣特性變差之空氣所取代）， 然而’其等缺乏結構完整性，即該等發泡體機械上不足以 強至以實現最大經濟及生態可能建造所需要之方式來承受 ;該建造完整性總是需藉由第
動或破壞性剪切性(壓縮模數及剪切強度)之組 歧 重量、衝擊、應力、扭轉等； 一組分來確保。其主要异田洛 一些顯示良好之剪切 特性’例如某些ΡΕτ 述綿狀物部份顯示良好之抗壓強度，一些 強度’但僅少數以良好組合提供兩種特性 152825.doc 201144071 體然而，忒等類型之發泡體愈堅固，其等亦變得愈 易碎延在建築物工業中係決定性的標準，因為其會導致 裝備問題及因碎片之材料損失。因此，在必須特性三角中 第特ί生係在應力下之剩餘彈性，即適當程度之剩餘剪 切延伸。 【發明内容】 因此本發明之主要目的係提供一種具有極高抗壓強度 Π»剪切係模數、但具有最小可能之脆性（即足夠之剪切 延伸率）、對建材（例如混凝土）之極佳相容性、極佳裝備特 f (例如用於將其螺栓連接或釘住）之絕緣材料；及用於製 造該絕緣材料及其複合物之相關方法。 由於對（例如）用於尚機械負載動葉核心之聚酯核心發泡 體的研究’吾人驚f牙地發現未顯示上述缺陷之材料可藉由 改質聚酯核心發泡體之泡孔大小及泡孔結構與表面而實 現；及該材料可對建築物元件提供固有結構上完整性，其 可節約材料、降低牆壁厚度等。 【實施方式】 所主張材料含有化合物（A)(參見圖1}，其係至少一種發 泡聚對苯：甲酸亞絲s旨板或薄片。用於製造該板之較佳 者係聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET)聚合物發泡體，尤其以藉 由反應擠出方法（其中鏈延長係藉由諸如（但不限於）酐、水/ 溼氣去除劑、疏水性物質、酸、鹼金屬等之化學藥品之辅 助而發生）所製造者為較佳。可藉由經鏈延長而使該等聚 合物反應，隨後或同時裝載發泡劑，或藉由分離該反應過 152825.doc Ο 201144071 過程來進行該方法。可藉由物理發泡劑或溶劑 ’二二例如藉由以諸如(但不限於)異丁烧、環戍炫、環 、一’及其混合物之加壓液體或以諸如（但不限 治）C〇2氮乳等及其混合物裝載該炫體）；或藉由化學發 物劑威Γ如（但不限於）偶氣化合物、碳酸鹽等及其混合 物央1a由以任何比例及組合之化學與物理發泡劑之混合 !=發泡。以混合溶劑_氣體方法較佳。更佳為在-、或在兩台機^巾分開進行鏈延長及發泡兩步驟之 人、降尤其較佳為在獨立之第—單元内完成反應組分之化 。、隨後在該第一單元中或在最終擠出機或在兩者中以更 可控之方法進行鏈延長之方丨^ τ ^ 長劑 之方法。除該聚合物及該（等）鏈伸 於mu (Α)可含有其它成份，例如（但不限 、充劑、其他聚合物(熱塑性塑料、熱固性塑料、 TPEs、彈性體）、纖维、夭4念， 纖，、隹添加劑、著色劑、交聯劑、兗化 刈或成厌劑、膨脹系絲、^ 女疋劑、抗水解劑、阻燃劑等。 s亥农終板可由多於一声 θ /包體與具有相同或不同特性 (例如機械強度、密度、—曰 ,^ 開孔谷置等）之個別層組成。可藉 由將該等層熔融在一起赤j稭
-藉由使用黏著劑（D)來黏附該 層。該最終板之一表面（作A 刼妙甘m (乍為預期「内表面」）可為感覺上 、…、S係經機械地或物理地移除(0.1至0.5酿俜 ““ 對基板⑻之黏著性之開孔；另一面 (作為預期「外表面彡可為 氣屏障並利於藉由㈣^ ._ 使用黏者劑（D)對進一步外層或該複合 °Ρ伤之可此黏著。由於總是存在由氣泡突破引起之某 152825.doc 201144071 些空隙，因此不能僅藉由擠出方法獲得安全地封閉表面。 因此，較佳在擠出該板後藉由均勻地熔融該表面之溫度 (例如藉由火焰、熱盤、熱柱或帶等）處理該「外」表面； 或以額外層⑻塗佈或層麼該表面。若兩表面均經層麼（較 佳至達到㈣及牢m表面）’該板（Α)可直接用作或用於未 在高靜負載下之輕質及絕緣建築物元件，例如分隔牆、屋 頂隔熱等》該最終板具有高含量之封閉孔以提供良好之絕 緣特性。較佳之封閉孔含量係在50至1〇〇%之範圍内，尤 其較佳係70至9〇%。就良好之絕緣特性（在機械強度係經保 存之條件下）而言，該最終板之密度應係在1〇至 k〆、較佳20至15G kg/m3<範圍内，尤其較佳係3〇至8〇 kg/m3。導熱係數應係在〇」Wm-呔」以下，較佳係小於 〇.〇8 Wmt ’以導熱係數低於G Q4 之材料為尤其 較佳（當在該發泡劑氣體已經空氣交換1〇〇%之狀態下 量）。 所主張材料可含有至少一層由塊狀組分(例如金屬木 質、石頭、混凝土等）所組成之層（B)。以可藉由半自動或 自動方法與（A)連接（即顯示用於洗鑄或模製之最初黏度或 潛能）之材料為較佳。基於礦石之材料（例如混凝土、黏 土、砂漿或水泥）由於與PET之良好相容性而為尤其較佳。 可藉由化學方法（黏著劑）或藉由機械構件（螺絲釘、螺栓、 接頭、底切等）使層（B)與（A)連接。以藉由使印）或其部份 渗入（A)之「内」（即開放孔）表面來連接（B)至（a)之方法較 佳，其係藉由以（例如）傾倒/澆鑄、壓製、模製、層壓、共 I52825.doc 201144071 擠壓等方法（參見圖1中之象徵性作用L)將原始或稀釋組合 物中之化合物（B)帶入發泡板上。以不需要額外物質或方 法步驟之連接（B)至（A)之方法為尤其較佳，例如（但不限 於）連讀澆鑄部份成熟之混凝土至移動發泡板上並使其固 化。 所主張材料進一步可含有至少一層額外功能層，其 由被置於（B)之另外、第二表面上以成為内層或室内層之 如（A)之發泡板所組成，見圖2。其可藉由如針對（B)所解 釋之化學或機械黏著劑來實現。以不需要額外物質或措施 之連接（C)至（B)之方法爲較佳，尤其較佳為類似於（A)_(B) 連接所顯示之方法，但其中將（〇之「内」（開放泡孔）表面 置於不久前已被帶至板(A)上之半固化混凝土之頂部上(僅 施用非常輕之壓力WC)之低比重將心不發生（b)之變 形。（C)可藉由額外層（E)保護、裝飾等。 張材料可含有黏著劑（D)以將該複合物之諸層⑷、 (B)，)、(E)連接在一起。(D)可選自基於礦物或有機物 之黏著Μ，以基於礦物而因此無或低可燃性之物質、及/ 或阻燃有機黏著劑、及其混合物為較佳。 所主張材料可進_牛人 乂 3有由呈所有形式（例如層、薄 片、落、網狀物、織布、蚪铷 _ . ^ ·織物、不織布等）之（例如）基於礦 (:之物二:屬、纖維、紙或塑料所組成之額外功能層 /她上喝（❹则、防護、 =裝部層’參見圖〗。化合物⑻可經諸如(D)之黏著劑 至⑷或（C)，或由其本身黏著。在外面或戶外側層 152825.doc 201144071 (A)上之較佳最外層（£)係半可滲透類型，以彼等矽酸鹽或 聚石夕氧型之最外層為尤其較佳，其導致表面極度疏水，但 對水蒸氣非常可滲透，從而引起存在於建築物元件或建築 物本身中之可能濕度將被迫藉由滲透效應而自該複合物中 蒸發，而來自環境之雨或濕度將經阻擋或濃縮在表面上並 落下之效應。 所主張材料可進一步含有預期應用所需之元件（F )，例 如（但不限於）由木質、玻璃、金屬或混凝土製成之部件、 供建築目的用之結構、電纜或電線、管道、導管、軟管 等。該等化合物（F)可藉由諸如（D)之黏著劑連接至該材料 之其他化合物或藉由其本身黏附，或係無需連接之該建築 物元件之部件。 所主張材料之非常顯著優勢係該聚對笨二曱酸亞烷基酯 發泡體係設計成剛性、牢固，但仍足夠可撓以使該建築物 元件可製造成寬廣類型：所主張材料之結構強度與現存系 統（圖3A)相比允許減少該複合物（參見圖3B)之塊狀部份之 厚度。在既定牆壁厚度w及既定外絕緣厚度〗丨下，可能將 鬼狀4伤之厚度自CA減少至CB，而剩餘空間被内絕緣〖之佔 據。所得系統3B之雙層預絕緣牆壁類似於所主張複合物 (A)(B)(C)且將係較輕並具有顯著較高之絕緣效力，但具有 與系統3 A相同之靜強度。因此，若對絕緣存在較少之要 求，則與現存系統相比，整體建造可設計成更薄且更輕。 所主張材料之強度引起之另一顯著優勢係當在製造期間 即使以沈重重量負載時該發泡板不存在壓縮或變形，其意 152825.doc
S 10 201144071 指無内廢力形成，而内壓力形成係可發生變形並形成壓力 之較差結構發泡體之問題，從而導致（例如）混凝土或該絕 緣發泡體或兩者中之裂縫或分裂。 該材料之另一顯著優勢係其可經建築物及建造工業令之 私準方法處理及安裝而無需特殊注意。該發泡材料之高強 度可允許藉由螺釘連接、敲釘、藉由螺栓、骨架等將其固 定。 其導致所主張材料之另一優勢，即（例如）安裝所需之功 月b P件（例如雙頭螺检、托梁、過梁/橫樑或任何類型之接 頭）可在製造過程中在|泡後《甚至經植入後經固定至該 材料之發泡部件上。 所主張材料之其他顯著優勢係由於該對苯二甲酸酯發泡 體之耐久性（諸如抓傷或咬傷之機械衝擊）將不會導致損 。伙而&成例如齧齒動物或白蟻無法傷害絕緣或建築物 元件之事實。 所主張材料之其他顯著優勢係（A)與（c)將顯示對礦物層 (B)之極佳黏著性而無需任何額外措施，因此所得複合物 將如同單一材料之事實。 此導致所主張材料之另—托# 另極佳優勢，即由於對苯二甲酸 醋表面提供極佳化學作用，# 因此其可易於藉由建築物工業 中之材料及標準方法連接、 九歌 堂佈（專），而可與（例 如）用於固定瓷磚等之砂喈、 水泥、富含塑料礦物黏著劑 連接。 張材料之另 供絕緣目的用之所主 一重要優勢係其顯示 152825.doc • 11 · 201144071 μ>2,000最高達7，_而無需額外處理，及經各別塗佈之 μ>〗5’000的低水蒸氣透過率（WVT，以^因子描述），其甚 至在惡劣環境條件下可防止濕氣遷移及濃縮進建築物元件 結構内。封防止絕緣下之腐钮或污垢/黴菌生長。 所主張材料之另一優 於水時將不膨脹，並因 構之複合物。 勢係該發泡材料即使在永久地暴露 此不添加不希望之張力至建築物結 所主張材料之另一重要優勢係其在不可抗力事件（即地 震及諸如暴風、颶風、龍捲風等之暴風雨）時之性能◎該 牢固但仍可換之發泡體⑷及/或（C)可吸收並分散能量且^ 此可降低地震之振幅及與塊狀結構（B)一起充當（b)之阻尼 元件。該正面效應亦在風震之情況中提供。此外，該封閉 孔發泡結構可分散並減緩大風之空氣流動，且當經適當地 密封所主張建築物元件時，可在重大暴風雨情況下顯著降 低建築物内/外之壓力差（所述壓力差通常係在重大暴風雨 期間破壞屋頂或甚至完整結構崩塌之根本原因）。 所主張材料之其他優勢係藉由可能獨立修改核心及/ 或該（等）層（A)及（C)之關於各別厚度、機械及物理特性 等，而使其特性在某些程度上符合所希望之特性輪廓（關 於機械性/耐久性、絕緣效力等）的可能性。 所主張材料之其他優勢係（B)滲透進（A)及/或（c)之泡孔 結構之程度可在製造過程期間藉由改變（A)及/或（c)表面之 泡孔尺寸及粗糙程度（最外層移除程度）及之黏度與所施 加之可能外壓力而輕易地影響。 152825.doc
S 201144071 所主張材科之另—主要優勢係用於該等層（A)及/或（C)之 材料由於其可發泡自諸如回收PET之回收材料而可為 生態性。 ，此導致所主張材料之另—優勢，即由於可在移除層⑻ 後或自層（B)獲得純聚g旨，故其本身係可有利地回收。 斤張材料之基本優勢係其不含纖維、齒化物質及 PVC 4等所有係正受調查且由於環境及健康問題而經討 所主張材料之進—步優勢係其可藉由連續或半連續方法 (例如針對⑻所討論之藉由擠出隨後藉由塗佈）以經濟之方 式製造。其在製造及應用之可能性中顯示多樣性。其可經 直接擠壓、共擠塵、層壓、塗佈、模製、_、超模壓 等成多層系統》 所主張材料之其他優勢係其可藉由該工業所知之標準方 法製造及提供形狀且其不要求專用設備。 所主張材料之其他優勢係其對熱及聲音/振冑絕緣之極 佳合適性及其絕緣特性係在寬廣溫度内提供之事實。例如 PET發泡體可承受_200至+28〇t之溫度，其係最耐用之有 機絕緣材料之一。 其導致所主張材料之另一顯著優勢’即由於聚亞烷基發 泡體之时受性可將可變成非常熱或冷之物體(例如用於加 熱或冷部之導官或管道）嵌入該絕緣材料内（參見圖3Β，可 能位置係顯示為ΡΒ);否則其等必須經個別地安裝戋放入 不提供絕緣之該元件或牆壁之塊狀部份内（參見圖3 Α，可 152825.doc 13 201144071 能位置係顯示為pA)。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1表示所主張材料之實施例； 圖2表示所主張材料之另一實施例； 圖3A表示現存複合物；及 圖3B表示本發明複合物。 【主要元件符號說明】 A 板 B 基板/層/塊狀結構 C 功能層 CA 塊狀部份厚度 Cb 塊狀部份厚度 D 黏著劑 E 額外層 11 外絕緣厚度 12 内絕緣厚度 L 象徵性作用 Pa 可能位置 Pb 可能位置 W 既定牆壁厚度 -14- 152825.doc

Claims (1)

  1. 201144071 七、申請專利範圍： 1 · 種由絕緣板所組成 擠出及發泡製成。 2.如請求項1之材料， 酯。 之材料，該板係藉由聚酯之反應性 其中該聚酯係聚對苯二甲酸亞烷基 3.如求項1或2之材料，其中該封閉孔含量係在兄至⑽% 之範圍内，以70至90%為尤其較佳。 4·如明3求項i或2之材料，其中該板之密度係在至3〇〇 kg/m3、較佳2(^15Gkg/m3之範圍内，以3()至8()1^3為 尤其較佳。 5. 如請求項1或2之材料，其中導熱係數係在〇」Wm.lK·丨以 下，以0.08 Wn^K·1以下為較佳，以〇〇4 Wm-丨以下為 尤其較佳。 6. 如請求項1或2之材料，其中該聚對苯二甲酸亞烷基酯係 回收聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯。 7. 如請求項丨或2之材料，其中使一塊狀層與該發泡板連 接。 8. 如請求項丨或2之材料，其中該塊狀層係以礦物質為主。 9. 如請求項1或2之材料，其中該塊狀層係混凝土。 10·如請求項1或2之材料’其中將如請求項1至5之第二發泡 層施用於該塊狀層之另一面上。 11. 如請求項1或2之材料’其中施用顯示防水及透氣特性兩 者之外層。 12. 如請求項1或2之材料，其中將額外的功能層及/或裝飾層 152825.doc 201144071 施用於該發泡板之表面。 13. 之材料之方法，其 一種製造如請求項】至〗2中其中一項 係以連續方法製造。 M. —種製造如請求項 〆 貝1至12中其中一項之材料之方法，其 係以兩步驟擠出及連接方法製造。 15. -種製造如請求項】至】2中其中一項之材料之方法其 中將混凝土堯鑄於擠出發泡板上，已自該發泡板移除一 表面層以確保混凝土之良好渗透且/或其中將具有此種表 面之擠出發泡板輕微壓在半固化混凝土上。 π求項1至12中其中一項之材料之用途，其係用 於提供隔熱及/或隔音及/或聲音及/或振動阻尼之建築物 I52825.doc
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