SK115597A3 - Laundry pretreatment with peroxide bleaches containing chelators for iron, copper or manganese for reduced fabric damage - Google Patents
Laundry pretreatment with peroxide bleaches containing chelators for iron, copper or manganese for reduced fabric damage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SK115597A3 SK115597A3 SK1155-97A SK115597A SK115597A3 SK 115597 A3 SK115597 A3 SK 115597A3 SK 115597 A SK115597 A SK 115597A SK 115597 A3 SK115597 A3 SK 115597A3
- Authority
- SK
- Slovakia
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- acid
- weight
- copper
- iron
- Prior art date
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 77
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 194
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 alkaline earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)C(C)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- SNUSZUYTMHKCPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxypyridin-2-one Chemical compound ON1C=CC=CC1=O SNUSZUYTMHKCPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- CIEZZGWIJBXOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propanoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(C)N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIEZZGWIJBXOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010003549 asthenia Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004585 etidronic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940090960 diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 34
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipicolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=N1 WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 6
- WEAPVABOECTMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl 2-acetyloxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C(=O)OCC)(OC(C)=O)CC(=O)OCC WEAPVABOECTMGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WAXZYRRSEXJVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;phosphono dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCO.OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O WAXZYRRSEXJVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-WDSKDSINSA-N (2s)-2-[2-[[(1s)-1,2-dicarboxyethyl]amino]ethylamino]butanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NCCN[C@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(1,2-dicarboxyethylamino)ethylamino]butanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)NCCNC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O VKZRWSNIWNFCIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-1-octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(CO)CCCC XMVBHZBLHNOQON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4,4-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butan-2-yl]-2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C(C)C=1C(C)CC(C=1C(=CC(O)=C(C=1)C(C)(C)C)C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=C1C PRWJPWSKLXYEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXTCWPTWYYNTOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=P1OCCCCCO1 Chemical compound O=P1OCCCCCO1 RXTCWPTWYYNTOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010077895 Sarcosine Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005588 protonation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007348 radical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sarcosine Chemical compound C[NH2+]CC([O-])=O FSYKKLYZXJSNPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBRCCZCKPZJGEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinane 2-oxide Chemical class O=P1OCCCO1 XBRCCZCKPZJGEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXGOYRIWPLGGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-ditert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C=CC(O)=C1C(C)(C)C YXGOYRIWPLGGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRQUFUKTQHISJB-YYADALCUSA-N 2-[(E)-N-[2-(4-chlorophenoxy)propoxy]-C-propylcarbonimidoyl]-3-hydroxy-5-(thian-3-yl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one Chemical compound CCC\C(=N/OCC(C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C1=C(O)CC(CC1=O)C1CCCSC1 KRQUFUKTQHISJB-YYADALCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLVYLTSKTCWWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-carbonoperoxoylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O GLVYLTSKTCWWJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XULHFMYCBKQGEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexyl-1-Decanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(CO)CCCCCC XULHFMYCBKQGEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVCOHOSEBKQIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O BVCOHOSEBKQIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJAZCKUGLFWINJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydroxybenzene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical class OC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1O CJAZCKUGLFWINJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USWINTIHFQKJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C2C=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=CC2=C1 USWINTIHFQKJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butylhydroquinone Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O BGNXCDMCOKJUMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000797 iron chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical class OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- NNCAWEWCFVZOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N mepiquat Chemical compound C[N+]1(C)CCCCC1 NNCAWEWCFVZOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-toluic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ZWLPBLYKEWSWPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010494 opalescence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-O trimethylammonium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C11D3/361—Phosphonates, phosphinates or phosphonites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/36—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C11D3/364—Organic compounds containing phosphorus containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95870018 | 1995-02-28 | ||
| PCT/US1996/002219 WO1996026999A1 (en) | 1995-02-28 | 1996-02-20 | Laundry pretreatment with peroxide bleaches containing chelators for iron, copper or manganese for reduced fabric damage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SK115597A3 true SK115597A3 (en) | 1998-06-03 |
Family
ID=8222114
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SK1155-97A SK115597A3 (en) | 1995-02-28 | 1996-02-20 | Laundry pretreatment with peroxide bleaches containing chelators for iron, copper or manganese for reduced fabric damage |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0812348B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JPH11502549A (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR100249610B1 (pt) |
| CN (1) | CN1176656A (pt) |
| AT (1) | ATE230042T1 (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU711340B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR9607400A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2213633C (pt) |
| CZ (1) | CZ270297A3 (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE69625471T2 (pt) |
| ES (1) | ES2185764T3 (pt) |
| FI (1) | FI973517A (pt) |
| HU (1) | HUP9800073A2 (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO973910L (pt) |
| PL (1) | PL322021A1 (pt) |
| SK (1) | SK115597A3 (pt) |
| TR (1) | TR199700867T1 (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO1996026999A1 (pt) |
| ZA (1) | ZA961586B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2224117T3 (es) * | 1995-07-05 | 2005-03-01 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Pretratamiento para el lavado de ropa con seguridad mejorada para los tejidos y colores. |
| GB2311541A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Oxygen-releasing bleach composition |
| GB2311536A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Dishwashing and laundry detergents |
| GB2311538A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions |
| GB2311542A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Percarbonate bleach composition |
| GB2311535A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Detergent compositions |
| GB2311537A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-01 | Procter & Gamble | Rinse composition for dishwashers |
| ES2183929T3 (es) * | 1996-10-31 | 2003-04-01 | Procter & Gamble | Composiciones liquidas acuosas blanquantes y procedimiento de pretratamiento. |
| US6242407B1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2001-06-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Laundry bleaching compositions |
| US5968884A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-10-19 | Basf Corporation | Concentrated built liquid detergents containing a biodegradable chelant |
| EP0924292B1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2005-05-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Use of a crystal growth inhibitor to reduce fabric abrasion |
| US6692536B1 (en) | 1997-11-24 | 2004-02-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Use of a crystal growth inhibitor to reduce fabric abrasion |
| EP0918088A1 (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 1999-05-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Use of a crystal growth inhibitor to reduce fabric abrasion |
| GB2333772A (en) * | 1998-01-31 | 1999-08-04 | Procter & Gamble | Complexing agents (eg ethylenediamine disuccinic acid) for use in selectively complexing copper, iron, zinc, nickel and cobalt in the presence of calcium |
| US6204233B1 (en) | 1998-10-07 | 2001-03-20 | Ecolab Inc | Laundry pre-treatment or pre-spotting compositions used to improve aqueous laundry processing |
| WO2001016268A1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-03-08 | Unilever Plc | Method of pretreating and bleaching stained fabrics |
| JP3857082B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-24 | 2006-12-13 | 花王株式会社 | 衣料用洗濯前処理剤組成物 |
| US6767881B1 (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2004-07-27 | Ecolab, Inc. | Cleaning concentrate |
| JP5401034B2 (ja) | 2007-12-19 | 2014-01-29 | ライオン株式会社 | 漂白助剤、および該漂白助剤を含有する漂白助剤粒子 |
| DE102008023014A1 (de) | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-12 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Wäßriges Textilbehandlungsmittel |
| JP5544716B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-13 | 2014-07-09 | 栗田工業株式会社 | 鉄鋼製造工程における循環冷却水の洗浄方法 |
| MX2012003186A (es) * | 2009-09-15 | 2012-04-30 | Procter & Gamble | Composicion detergente que comprende mezcla de quelantes. |
| MY179613A (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2020-11-11 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals Int Bv | Use of a metal supplement in animal feed |
| CN103124690B (zh) * | 2010-07-27 | 2015-11-25 | 科莱恩金融(Bvi)有限公司 | 含有过氧化氢或释放过氧化氢的物质的组合物 |
| CH703870B1 (de) * | 2010-09-29 | 2014-11-28 | Genossenschaft Coop | Desinfizierende Reinigungszusammensetzung. |
| PL2744881T3 (pl) * | 2011-08-15 | 2016-07-29 | Procter & Gamble | Kompozycja detergentowa zawierająca związki pirydynol-n-tlenków |
| CN103290670A (zh) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-09-11 | 辽宁腾达集团股份有限公司 | 一种利用漂后热能去除纯棉针织物残留氧的方法 |
| US10060073B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2018-08-28 | Washing Systems, Llc | Method of laundering industrial garments |
| PL224478B1 (pl) | 2013-06-03 | 2016-12-30 | Eko Styl Spółka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością | Sposób apreturowania tkanin w procesie ich prania |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB926639A (en) * | 1960-05-31 | 1963-05-22 | Courtaulds Ltd | Improvements relating to the treatment of cellulosic fabrics |
| JPS599662B2 (ja) * | 1980-08-18 | 1984-03-03 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 繊維織物の糊抜方法 |
| DE3218889A1 (de) * | 1982-05-19 | 1983-11-24 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zum gleichzeitigen entschlichten und bleichen von textilmaterial aus cellulosefasern |
| FR2545854B1 (fr) * | 1983-05-10 | 1985-07-26 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Procede de blanchiment des textiles en presence de particules de fer ou de metaux ferreux |
| DE3346578A1 (de) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-07-18 | Sandoz-Patent-GmbH, 7850 Lörrach | Mittel und verfahren zum einbadigen einstufigen alkalischen vorbehandeln von cellulosehaltigen textilmaterialien |
| US4900468A (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1990-02-13 | The Clorox Company | Stabilized liquid hydrogen peroxide bleach compositions |
| DE3665482D1 (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1989-10-12 | Clorox Co | Stabilized liquid hydrogen peroxide bleach compositions |
| JP2602563B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-15 | 1997-04-23 | 花王株式会社 | 液体酸素系漂白剤組成物 |
| GB9027429D0 (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1991-02-06 | Kodak Ltd | Effluent treatment |
| US5362412A (en) * | 1991-04-17 | 1994-11-08 | Hampshire Chemical Corp. | Biodegradable bleach stabilizers for detergents |
| GB9216408D0 (en) * | 1992-08-01 | 1992-09-16 | Procter & Gamble | Stabilized bleaching compositions |
| JP2819487B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-05 | 1998-10-30 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 写真用処理組成物及び処理方法 |
| SG55157A1 (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1998-12-21 | Procter & Gamble | Stable aqueous emulsions of nonionic surfactants |
| ES2137245T3 (es) * | 1993-06-09 | 1999-12-16 | Procter & Gamble | Emulsiones acuosas estables de tensioactivos no ionicos. |
| GB2294707A (en) * | 1994-11-05 | 1996-05-08 | Procter & Gamble | Bleaching composition |
-
1996
- 1996-02-20 AT AT96906534T patent/ATE230042T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-20 CA CA002213633A patent/CA2213633C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-02-20 TR TR97/00867T patent/TR199700867T1/xx unknown
- 1996-02-20 KR KR1019970705972A patent/KR100249610B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-02-20 DE DE69625471T patent/DE69625471T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-20 BR BR9607400A patent/BR9607400A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-02-20 AU AU49882/96A patent/AU711340B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-02-20 EP EP96906534A patent/EP0812348B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-20 CN CN96192233A patent/CN1176656A/zh active Pending
- 1996-02-20 SK SK1155-97A patent/SK115597A3/sk unknown
- 1996-02-20 WO PCT/US1996/002219 patent/WO1996026999A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-02-20 ES ES96906534T patent/ES2185764T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-20 CZ CZ972702A patent/CZ270297A3/cs unknown
- 1996-02-20 JP JP8526295A patent/JPH11502549A/ja active Pending
- 1996-02-20 PL PL96322021A patent/PL322021A1/xx unknown
- 1996-02-20 HU HU9800073A patent/HUP9800073A2/hu unknown
- 1996-02-28 ZA ZA961586A patent/ZA961586B/xx unknown
-
1997
- 1997-08-26 NO NO973910A patent/NO973910L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-08-27 FI FI973517A patent/FI973517A/fi unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1176656A (zh) | 1998-03-18 |
| FI973517A (fi) | 1997-10-27 |
| HUP9800073A2 (hu) | 1998-04-28 |
| AU711340B2 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
| NO973910D0 (no) | 1997-08-26 |
| CZ270297A3 (cs) | 1998-01-14 |
| EP0812348A1 (en) | 1997-12-17 |
| TR199700867T1 (xx) | 1998-01-21 |
| CA2213633C (en) | 2002-01-22 |
| EP0812348A4 (en) | 2000-04-12 |
| ES2185764T3 (es) | 2003-05-01 |
| MX9706537A (es) | 1997-11-29 |
| DE69625471D1 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
| PL322021A1 (en) | 1998-01-05 |
| ZA961586B (en) | 1996-09-06 |
| EP0812348B1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
| CA2213633A1 (en) | 1996-09-06 |
| JPH11502549A (ja) | 1999-03-02 |
| BR9607400A (pt) | 1998-06-30 |
| AU4988296A (en) | 1996-09-18 |
| FI973517A0 (fi) | 1997-08-27 |
| KR100249610B1 (ko) | 2000-03-15 |
| KR19980702566A (ko) | 1998-07-15 |
| WO1996026999A1 (en) | 1996-09-06 |
| ATE230042T1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
| DE69625471T2 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
| NO973910L (no) | 1997-08-26 |
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