RU97701U1 - PULSE RAIL CHAIN RECEIVER - Google Patents

Abstract

 A pulse rail circuit receiver comprising a pulse path relay, a code transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected in parallel with the rail line through the first front contact of the transmitter relay and the resistor, a direct current power supply, an executive track relay, one winding of which is connected to the negative pole of the DC power source , the other - through the diode and the second rear contact of the transmitter relay connected in series, is connected to the front contact of the pulse track relay le, a capacitor connected in parallel to the winding of the executive track relay, an AC power source connected through the rear contact of the executive track relay to the primary winding of the code transformer, characterized in that an optocoupler is inserted into it, the light emitter of which through the winding of the pulse track relay and the first rear the contact of the transmitter relay is connected in parallel with the rail line, and the positive pole of the DC power supply is connected in series through s optocoupler photodetector, the front contact pulsed track relay coil is connected to the negative pole of the power source.

Description

The utility model relates to railway automation and telemechanics and is intended to monitor the status of impulse rail circuits.

A known pulse rail circuit receiver comprising a DC power supply, a pulse path relay, an executive track relay connected respectively through the rear and front contacts of the transmitter relay to the rail line and to the secondary winding of the code transformer, the power circuit of which includes the rear contact of the executive track relay, the winding of which is connected in parallel with the storage capacitor, the inductor connected to the DC power source through the contact of the pulses full track relay (A. Leonov. Maintenance of automatic locomotive signaling. - 5th ed., revised and additional - M: Transport, 1982, p. 85, 86, Fig. 44, 45).

A disadvantage of the known impulse rail circuit receiver is its low reliability, since the contact of the impulse track relay switching the inductive load used in it wears out quickly due to electrical erosion during its operation.

The closest technical solution to the claimed utility model is a pulse rail circuit receiver containing a pulse track relay connected through a first rear contact of the transmitter relay and a resistor parallel to the rail line, a code transformer whose secondary winding is connected in parallel with the rail line through the front contact of the transmitter relay and the resistor, DC power supply, the positive pole of which is through the front contact of the pulse path relay and inductance coil and connected to its negative pole, an executive track relay, one winding of which is connected to the negative pole of a DC power source, the other through a diode and a second rear contact of the transmitter relay connected in series, to a front contact of a pulse track relay, a capacitor connected in parallel to the executive winding track relay, AC power supply, connected through the rear contact of the executive track relay to the primary winding of the code transfer ormator (SU 12242204, B61L 23/16, publ. 04/15/86, Bull. No. 14).

The disadvantage of this pulse rail circuit receiver is its low reliability. The front contact of the pulse track relay used in it wears out quickly due to electrical erosion arising during its operation, since the protection against sparking applied in this device only reduces, but does not completely exclude this process. The result of electrical erosion is either an increase in the resistance of the front contact of the pulse track relay, or its welding with a common contact. Both faults cause the failure of the pulse rail circuit receiver.

The objective of the utility model is to increase the reliability of the pulse rail circuit receiver.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the receiver of the pulse rail circuit containing a pulse track relay, a code transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected in parallel with the rail line through the first front contact of the transmitter relay and the resistor, a direct current power supply, an executive track relay, one output of which is connected to the negative pole of the DC power source, the other through a diode and a second rear contact of the transmitter relay connected in series front contact of the pulse track relay, a capacitor connected in parallel to the coil of the executive track relay, an AC power source connected through the rear contact of the executive track relay to the primary winding of the code transformer, an optocoupler is introduced, the light emitter of which through the coil winding of the pulse track relay and the first rear contact of the transmitter the relay is connected parallel to the rail line, and the positive pole of the DC power supply through the serial atelno included optocoupler photodetector, the front contact pulsed track relay coil is connected to the negative pole of the power source.

The circuit of the inventive pulse rail circuit receiver is shown in the drawing.

The pulse rail circuit receiver comprises a pulse track relay 1, a code transformer 2, the secondary winding of which 2.1 is connected in parallel with the rail line 5 through a first front contact 3.1 of the transmitter 3 and a resistor 4, a DC power supply 6, an actuating track relay 7, one winding of which connected to the negative pole of the DC power source 6, the other through a diode 8 connected in series and the second rear contact 3.2 of the relay relay 3 connected to the front contact 1.1 pulse path relay 1, a capacitor 9 connected in parallel to the coil of the actuator path relay 7, an AC power source 10 connected through the rear contact 7.1 of the actuator path relay 7 to the primary winding 2.2 of the code transformer 2, optocoupler 11, the light emitter 12 of which through a pulse winding connected in series track relay 1 and the first rear 3.1 contact of the transmitter relay 3 is connected parallel to the rail line 5, and the positive pole “+” of the DC power supply 6 through series the received photodetector 13 of the optocoupler 11, the front contact 1.1 of the pulse path relay 1 and the inductor 14 is connected to the negative pole “-” of the same power source.

The drawing also shows insulating joints 15 and 16, electrically insulating the rail line 5 from the adjacent rail line 17, as well as the polarity of the pulses in adjacent rail lines.

As the optocoupler 11 in the inventive pulse rail circuit receiver, a 5P19B1 type optocoupler is used, in which the light emitter is LED 12 and the photodetector is photodiode 13.

The receiver of the pulse rail circuit operates as follows.

When the rail line 5 is free from rolling stock and the insulating joints 15 and 16 are operational, DC pulses from the supply end of the rail line (not shown in the figure) through the first rear contact 3.1 of the transmitter relay 3 and the LED 12 of the optocoupler 11 enter the winding of the pulse track relay 1 For a positive pulse, the LED 12 of the optocoupler 11 is turned on in the conducting direction. Therefore, when a positive pulse arrives from the rail line 5, the pulse track relay 1 attracts the armature, closing its front contact 1.1, and the LED 12 of the optocoupler 11 emits a light flux that opens the photodiode 13 of the optocoupler 11. The resistance of the photodiode 13 of the optocoupler 11 in the open state is close to zero. Therefore, from the positive pole of the DC power source 6 to its negative pole through a series-connected open photodiode 13 of the optocoupler 11, a closed front contact 1.1 of the pulse path relay 1 and the inductor 14 will flow current. In this case, no current will flow through the winding of the actuating trip relay 7, since for it the diode 8 is turned on in a non-conducting direction. After the end of the positive pulse in the rail line 5, the LED 12 of the optocoupler 11 ceases to emit a light flux, the resistance of the photodiode 13 of the optocoupler 11 instantly increases almost to infinity. Thus in the inductor 14 there is an EMF of self-induction, the polarity of which is opposite to the polarity of the DC power source 6. For this EMF, the diode 8 is turned on in the conducting direction. Therefore, through the series-connected winding of the executive track relay 7, diode 8 and the second rear contact 3.2 of the transmitter relay 3, a current will flow, which will simultaneously charge the capacitor 9.

Pulse track relay 1 has a certain deceleration on the release of the anchor. Therefore, by the moment of opening its front contact 1.1, the DC power source 6 will be disconnected from this contact by a closed photodiode 13. Since in this case there is no circuit for the self-induction EMF to flow through the front contact 1.1 of the pulse track relay 1, then the contact 1.1 of the pulse track relay is open 1 will occur without the formation of an electric spark or arc.

After receiving several positive pulses from the rail line 5, the voltage across the capacitor 9 reaches the magnitude of the armature of the executive track relay 7. The on state of the executive track relay 7 corresponds to the free state of the rail line 5 from the rolling stock and the health of the insulating joints 15 and 16.

The enabled state of the executive track relay 1 will remain until the pulse track receiver receives pulses of positive polarity from the rail line 5 and the insulating joints 15, 16 are operational.

When the rail line 5 is occupied by railway rolling stock, the pulses sent from the supply end of the rail line 5 will not reach the connection point of the pulse track relay 1, due to shunting of the rail line 5 by wheel pairs. Front contact 1.1 of the pulse track relay 1 will be in the open state. After the discharge of the capacitor 9, the executive track relay 7 releases its anchor, closing its rear contacts 7.1 and 7.2. With the rear contact 7.1 of the executive track relay 7, the AC power source 10 is connected to the primary winding 2.2 of the code transformer 2. At the same time, with the rear contact 7.2 of the same relay, the transmitter relay 3 is connected to the encoding devices (not shown in the figure). In this case, through the first front contact 3.1 of the transmitter relay 3, the alternating current pulses of the automatic locomotive signaling code will be sent to the rail line 5.

If the insulating joints 15 and 16 are faulty due to their electrical breakdown, pulses from the adjacent rail line 17 will come to the rail line 5. However, the pulse track relay 1 of the inventive pulse track receiver will not receive these pulses, since they have the opposite polarity, for which the LED 12, the optocoupler 11 is turned on in a non-conductive direction.

If the rail line 5 is free from railway rolling stock and direct current gets into it from an external power source, the polarity of which coincides with the polarity of the pulses sent from the supply end of the rail line 5, the inventive pulse rail circuit receiver will work as follows. Under the influence of an external voltage source, the pulse track relay 1 will turn on for some time, and its contact 1.1 will be closed. After the discharge of the capacitor 9, the executive track relay 7 releases its anchor, fixing in this case the occupancy of the rail line 5, which is a protective failure acceptable in railway automation and telemechanics. When closing the rear contacts 7.1. and 7.2 of the executive track relay 7, the code signals of the automatic locomotive signaling will be sent to the rail line 5. At the moment of opening the first rear contact 3.1 of the transmitter relay 3, the pulse track relay 1 will turn off, opening its front contact 1.1, and at the moment of closing the same contact 3.1 of the transmitter relay 3, the pulse track relay 1 will turn on, closing its front contact 1.1. However, the self-induction EMF energy generated by the inductance coil 14 does not accumulate on the capacitor 9, which means that the actuating track relay 7 is turned on, because at the moment of opening of the front contact 1.1 of the pulsed track relay 1, the actuating track relay 7 and the capacitor charge 9 will be broken by the open second rear contact 3.2 of the transmitter relay 3.

It can be shown that any single malfunction of the inventive impulse rail circuit receiver will cause the executive track relay 7 to turn off, which is a protective failure acceptable in railway automation and telemechanics.

Thus, the introduction of an optocoupler into the receiver of a pulse rail circuit increases its reliability, since this completely eliminates sparking at the front contact of the pulse track relay, and therefore its destruction.

Claims (1)

A pulse rail circuit receiver comprising a pulse path relay, a code transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected in parallel with the rail line through the first front contact of the transmitter relay and the resistor, a direct current power supply, an executive track relay, one winding of which is connected to the negative pole of the DC power source , the other - through the diode and the second rear contact of the transmitter relay connected in series, is connected to the front contact of the pulse track relay le, a capacitor connected in parallel to the winding of the executive track relay, an AC power source connected through the rear contact of the executive track relay to the primary winding of the code transformer, characterized in that an optocoupler is inserted into it, the light emitter of which through the winding of the pulse track relay and the first rear the contact of the transmitter relay is connected in parallel with the rail line, and the positive pole of the DC power supply is connected in series through s optocoupler photodetector, the front contact pulsed track relay coil is connected to the negative pole of the power source.