RU2602108C1 - Signal receiver of track generator application circuit with guide galvanic isolation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway automation and telemechanics. Receiver comprises a capacitor, inductive throttle, insulating transformer, rectifier bridge of diodes, condenser, limiting resistor, light radiator, light guide consisting of light-conducting core made from dielectric material and having a light-proof shell from dielectric material along its whole length, and translucent ends, a photodetector with a sensor which is a phototransistor, is light-insulated from the outside environment and acting as a key in the matching device design.

EFFECT: higher protection of electronic equipment of rolling stock control modules.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to electrical engineering and directly to devices for automation and telemechanics of the railway.

State of the art

Analogs of the invention are receiving devices of signals of the rail overlay circuit, such as an electronic pedal EP-1 combining a generator and a receiver. The disadvantages of these devices are the direct connection of the rail circuit with the modules of the rolling stock monitoring equipment only through isolation transformers, which do not present any special obstacles to the passage of atmospheric overvoltage currents entering the rail circuit, leading to failure of the modules, since the distances between the windings are millimeters, centimeters. Coarse varistor protection (VOTsN, RKN) cannot fully protect the semiconductor elements of the circuits of the modules of the control equipment, since the breakdown occurs both on the varistor protection and on the semiconductors of the modules, and the breakdown voltage of transistors and microcircuits is several times lower than the installed varistors and arresters. The use of varistors with a lower voltage threshold will lead to a decrease in the reliability of the overall rail circuit of a railway section, leading to the occurrence of temporary or permanent false occupations that impede the normal movement of trains.

The proposed invention increases the protection of the electronic modules of the rolling stock control equipment from failure as a result of atmospheric overvoltage currents falling into the rail circuit by 50% if the rail circuit generator is powered by the control equipment module. When using a generator power supply separate from the modules and the invented receiver, it is possible to completely isolate the more expensive part of the equipment from failure due to overvoltage in the rail circuit.

In this invented receiver, when overvoltage in the rail circuit, only input electronic elements that have a direct electrical connection and are connected to the secondary winding of the transformer T1 can fail, the further propagation of dangerous overvoltage to the modules of the control equipment stops, since they are isolated from the input circuit by a fiber made from dielectric. The failure of the electronic elements of the input circuit in the proposed device as a result of overvoltages in the rail circuit is less than in similar ones, such as in the receiving part of the EP-1, since there is no equipment potential, since the electrical circuits of the receiver and the electronic modules are separated in length optical fiber. Unprotected devices in addition to the input circuit of the proposed device remain only the rail circuit generator and its power supply unit.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a signal receiver of an overlay rail circuit generator with a light guide galvanic isolation.

The input of the device is connected to two rails, from which the electric signal of the generator is supplied in the absence of rolling stock shunting the input and output of the devices through the rails. Capacitor C1 and inductive choke L1 form a filter tuned to the frequency of the generator signal. Through an isolation transformer T1, the signal enters the rectifier bridge from the diodes VD1-VD4, which converts to direct voltage, the ripple of which smooths the filter on the capacitor C2. The constant voltage is the power source of the light emitter 1 connected through the limiting resistor R1. The light emitter 1 is a semiconductor LED, light-insulated from the external environment, emitting light in the direction of the translucent end of the base of the core 3 of the light guide, through which the light signal is transmitted to the photodetector 2. The light guide serves as a transport medium for the light signal, consists of a light-conducting core of dielectric material 3 and has opaque sheath of dielectric material 4 along its entire length, translucent opposite ends, bases connected to toizluchatelem 1 and the photodetector 2.

The light signal emitted from the fiber arrives at the sensor of the photodetector 2, which is a phototransistor, light-insulated from the external environment, acting as a key in the design of the device for matching the CSS. The presence of the device for matching the DC and its design depend on the design of the receiving part of the module of the control equipment responsible for receiving the signal of the rail circuit, and may have an additional preamplifier, a variable or constant resistor for signal adjustment, or may be part of the module of the equipment for monitoring the rolling stock. The presence of an electrical signal in the input circuit of the receiver and the presence of a light signal in the photodetector 2 leads the phototransistor to a conducting state, signaling the absence of rolling stock in this area. The presence of the rolling stock in the section leads to a shunting of the rail circuit, which prevents the transmission of the electric signal from the generator to the receiver of the supply light emitter 1, and the absence of the light signal in the photodetector 2, contributing to the phototransistor being in the closed state, which indicates the presence of rolling stock in the section. The fiber length Lc characterizes the spatial separation of the electric circuits of the light emitter 1 and the photodetector 2, which prevents the dangerous overvoltage from passing from one electric circuit to another.

Claims (1)

The signal receiver of the overlay rail circuit generator with a light guide galvanic isolation, consisting of a filter input tuned to the frequency of the rail circuit signal generator, consisting of a capacitor and inductive choke, connected in series with the primary winding of the input transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the rectifier diode bridge, the rectified voltage filtered by a capacitor is supplied through a limiting resistor to the terminals of the light emitter, light emitter, emitting an electric signal in a light, light-insulated from the environment and emitting light at the end of the base of the light guide material of the light guide, a light guide consisting of a light guide dielectric material of the core, the walls of which are covered with a lightproof dielectric sheath along its entire length with two translucent ends - bases on opposite sides for connection light emitter and photodetector, performing the function of galvanic isolation of the insulator from atmospheric overvoltages between circuits of the track circuit equipment and control of rolling stock, the photodetector converting the light signal from the light emitter into the electric svetoizolirovannogo from the external environment and the photodetector abutting part with the end face of the light guide fiber base, an electric signal from which is fed to a matcher module rolling stock control apparatus.

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