RU2558195C1 - Method of reproduction of selection samples of potatoes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises placement of sprouts in pots and obtaining mini-tubers. At that before planting in pots the seedlings are soaked in Trautvetteri maple sap for 30-40 minutes. Subsequently the seedlings are enveloped with clay dialbeculit preliminary saturated with mineral fertilizers for 5-6 hours in aqueous solution at a ratio of 1:1:3.

EFFECT: method enables to increase the net reproduction of seed material of selection samples.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular, to the propagation of seed material of breeding samples and may find application in the selection of potatoes.

There is a method in which breeding samples obtained by clonal selection are propagated by growth cuttings, treating them with biological products and a 1-3% solution of mineral fertilizers, followed by planting in paper cups with the addition of a nutrient substrate based on zeolite (patent No. 2206976 from 06.27.2003) .

The disadvantage of this method is that the planted tuber cuttings for seedlings are not always effective due to culling of individual individuals due to their incidence.

There is also known a method in which the coefficient of propagation of tubers of breeding samples is carried out by treating the sprouts with thiourea in the dark at a certain moisture content (patent No. 2415558 from 11.17.2009).

However, in the known method, the sprouts are grown under different light and temperature conditions, the sprouts are treated with stimulants that increase the cost of propagating breeding samples.

The closest technical solution is the method in which the substrate is additionally fertilized with silicon-containing elements in an amount of 10-12% of the total volume, pre-soaked in 0.2% aqueous solution of iodine and 0.1% selenium (patent No. 2479983 of 04/27/2013 )

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that after 50-55 days, the mini-tubers are removed from the pots, supplemented with substrates for better propagation, as a result of which the technical solution is complicated.

In addition, when transplanting from pots, plants can undergo viral diseases. In the pots - the place of extraction of tubers, it is necessary to introduce a new substrate, which increases the cost of implementing the method.

The technical result of the claimed method is to reduce costs, increase the reproduction rate of seed material of breeding samples.

The technical solution consists in the fact that before planting in the pots the seedlings are soaked in the juice of the maple of Trautfetter for 30-40 minutes, followed by enveloping clay with dialbeculite, previously saturated with mineral fertilizers in an aqueous solution in a ratio of 1: 1: 3 for 5-6 hours .

The method is as follows.

Clay dialbeculite (place of origin of the floodplain of the Terek River), contains (in%): silicon - 46.5; iron - 7.1; potassium - 1.1; calcium - 37; cobalt - 0.1; zinc - 1.1; nickel - 1.7; phosphorus - 1.7. The reaction is alkaline (pH - 9.1).

Maple tree juice contains organic acids: malic (0.21%), citric (0.002%), traces of succinic and fumaric. In this case, potassium (0.26%), calcium (0.07%), silicon oxide (0.02%) and manganese and sodium in small amounts prevail. Sugar content in maple tree juice is within 3-4%. Maple Troutfetter grows in the mountainous region of the Caucasus, Crimea. Transcarpathia and other places of mountain regions.

Maple juice has a stimulating and antioxidant effect, penetrating into seedling cells in 30-40 minutes.

Clay dialbekulite is preliminarily prepared for enveloping the germs of selection samples, for which clay is placed in an aqueous solution containing nitroammophoska in a ratio of 1: 1: 3 and kept for 5-6 hours. Over such a period of time, clay, possessing sorption properties, is saturated with the necessary elements for the initial development of growth.

The antioxidant properties of maple tree juice and dialbekulite nutrient medium, saturated with mineral fertilizers, provide an increase in the breeding coefficient of breeding mini-tubers.

Example 1. Germinated eyes of potato tubers, placed in test tubes, when planting seedlings, soaked in maple juice for 30 minutes. By the time the seedlings were planted (late May - early June), juice was collected from the maple tree of Troutfetter. Previously, clay dialkulite is soaked in nitroammophoski in an aqueous solution of mineral fertilizer at the rate of 1 kg of fertilizer per 3 liters of water. Clay 1 kg is placed in this solution and incubated for 5 hours. Soaked potato sprouts in maple juice are dipped in a gel-like medium of clay saturated with mineral fertilizers and planted in pots to produce mini-tubers, followed by their propagation in the field.

Example 2. Mineral fertilizers nitroammofosku at the rate of 1 kg per 3 liters of water was stirred and soaked in this mixture dialbeculite clay at the rate of 1 kg per mixture. Maintained this composition for 6 hours. Germinated potato sprouts in a phase of 3-4 leaves were lowered into maple juice for 40 minutes, and then into the prepared mineral composition 45-50 days after the formation of potato mini-nodules, followed by planting in pots.

The proposed method allows to increase the survival rate of plants while reducing the cost of fertilizers, to increase the number of propagated tubers of breeding samples by 15-45% with less disease damage (from 18 to 6.3%).

Claims (1)

A method of propagating breeding potato samples, including placing the sprouts in pots, producing mini-tubers, characterized in that before planting in the pots the seedlings are soaked in the juice of the maple Troutfetter for 30-40 minutes, followed by enveloping clay with dialbeculite pre-saturated with mineral fertilizers for 5 -6 hours in an aqueous solution in a ratio of 1: 1: 3.