RU2529704C2 - Conveyor unit for drying germinated seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: conveying unit for drying germinated seeds comprises drying and cooling chamber, each of which comprises a perforated tape, an air duct for supplying exhaust gases of the boiler under pressure, a loading hopper with grinding device. The grinding device comprises two rows of blades fixedly secured to the walls of the hopper, and three rows of blades mounted on the shafts. Over the branches of the perforated tape the diverters are mounted, the chutes are located below the tape.

EFFECT: invention provides increased uniformity of drying of the germinated seeds.

7 dwg

Description

The conveyor installation for drying germinated grain refers to agricultural engineering, can be used to dry high-moisture grain material.

Known drying unit [RU 102771 U1, F26B3 / 30 (2006.01), 11/20/2001], consisting of belt conveyors, a drive mechanism, a distributor, shielding shields.

The drawback of the drying unit is the lack of spreaders over the three lower conveyors.

Known tape dryer for bulk cargo [RU 2276761 C1, F26B17 / 04 (2006.01), 05/20/2006]. It consists of a drying chamber, loading and unloading devices, air heater, branches of a flexible tape, plow ejectors and two inclined grooves.

The disadvantages of the considered tape dryer are the uneven distribution of the material along the width of the flexible tape and the uneven drying along the height of the layer of material on the tape.

Known continuous drying apparatus [RU 2371651 C2, F26B17 / 04, (2006.01) 10.27.2009], consisting of loading and unloading bins, a closed scraper mesh conveyor, driving and driven drums, gas distribution box and fans.

The disadvantages of the drying installation are low productivity, because on the conveyor, the material to be dried lies in a thin layer, and the impossibility of turning the material.

The closest analogue is a drying unit [RU 2238492 C1, 7 F26B17 / 04, 20.10.2004], consisting of belt conveyors, finger agitators, a drive mechanism, a control system, fans, shields, a loading hopper, an unloading pipe and an exhaust umbrella.

A drawback of the drying unit is the leakage of the drying agent through the space between the conveyor and the shields.

The objective of the invention is to increase the uniformity of drying the germinated grain by increasing the contact of the drying agent with the sprouted grain, by grinding the sprouted grain before dosing on the perforated belt of the dryer, using cutting knives of the loading hopper.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for the implementation of this task, the proposed conveyor installation for drying the germinated grain is made of a loading hopper, which is equipped with a grinding device with cutting knives mounted on the shaft, for grinding the germinated grain mass.

There are two drying and cooling chambers in the dryer, conveyors are installed in each, and in the drying chamber the conveyor consists of two drive and one driven drums, two tension rollers, four tedders and a perforated tape. The drying chamber provides for the movement of the drying agent through the maze, in which the exhaust gases of the boiler house are fed using a centrifugal fan through the duct sequentially to all branches of the perforated tape from the bottom up and removed from the dryer with an exhaust hood.

In the cooling chamber towards the movement of the perforated tape with sprouted dried grain, cool air is supplied using a centrifugal fan. Sprouted dried cooled grain is poured into the discharge pipe, and cool air is taken out through the opening with an exhaust umbrella.

The proposed conveyor installation for drying germinated grain due to the distinguishing features provides a solution to the problem of increasing the uniformity of drying of germinated grain.

The device and principle of operation of the conveyor installation for drying germinated grain will be clear from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a conveyor installation for drying germinated grain, FIG. 2 shows a section through a conveyor installation on the left; FIG. 3 shows a section through a conveyor installation on the right, in FIG. 4 shows the mechanism for moving the germinated grain from the upper branch of the perforated tape to the lower, in FIG. 5 shows the mechanism for the distribution of germinated grain on a perforated tape; FIG. 6 is a top view of a device for grinding sprouted grain, FIG. 7 shows a shaft with knives.

The conveyor installation for drying the germinated grain consists of a loading hopper 1 (Fig. 2), a grinding device 2 (Fig. 6), a gear motor 3 (Fig. 2), which is configured to rotate the metering screw 4, perforated tape 5 (Fig. . one). The grinding device 2 (Fig. 6) is made with two rows of knives 6 (Fig. 7), fixed motionless on the walls of the feed hopper 1 (Fig. 2), and three rows of knives 7 (Fig. 7) mounted on the shafts. An electric motor 8 (Fig. 6) with a chain gear 9 is designed to drive the grinding device 2. In the drying chamber, the conveyor is made of perforated belt 5 (Fig. 1), the upper tensioning roller 10, the lower tensioning roller 11, the upper drive drum 12, a lower drive drum 13, a driven drum 14, and four shaker rollers 15. To drive the perforated tape 5, a drive 16 (FIG. 3), a chain drive 17, drive drums 12, 13 (FIG. 1) are provided.

For re-grading of germinated grain from one branch of the perforated tape to another, inclined troughs 18, 19 (Fig. 3) and a ejector 20 (Fig. 4) are provided. For uniform distribution of germinated grain across the width of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1), a leveling device 21 (Fig. 5) is installed behind the ejectors. The support 22 (Fig. 3) of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1) is installed under the ejector 20 (Fig. 2, 4) to prevent deflection of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1).

The conveyor cooling chamber consists of a perforated tape 23 (Fig. 1), driven and driven drums 24.

To supply the drying agent to the branches of the perforated tape 5, an air duct 25 and a partition 26 are provided (Fig. 2). The labyrinth for the movement of the drying agent from the bottom up is formed by partitions 26. Partitions 27 and 28 (Fig. 1) are installed to prevent leakage of the drying agent into the space between the perforated tape 5 and the panel 34 (Fig. 2).

The centrifugal fan 29 (Fig. 1) is installed to cool the germinated dried grain and is configured to supply cool air to meet the movement of the germinated dried grain. Unloading pipe 30 (Fig. 3) is designed for unloading germinated, dried grain after cooling.

An exhaust hood 31 (FIG. 1) with an upper exhaust hole 32 and a lower exhaust hole 33 is provided for withdrawing the spent drying agent.

Side panels 34 (Fig. 2) of the housing 35 (Fig. 1) are made of two metal plates and a heater to retain heat inside the conveyor installation for drying germinated grain.

Conveyor installation for drying germinated grain works as follows. Germinated grain is loaded into the hopper 1 (Fig. 2) and includes an electric motor 8 (Fig. 6), which, using a chain transmission 9, drives the cutting knives 7 (Fig. 7). Produce the grinding of germinated grain in the grinding device 2 (Fig. 6) to a free-flowing state. After grinding, the germinated grain is fed into the metering screw 4 (Fig. 2), which is rotationally driven by a gear motor 3. The germinated grain is uniformly unloaded onto the first branch of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1). At the same time, the drive of the conveyor 16 (Fig. 3) is turned on, which starts to rotate the lower drive drum 13 (Fig. 1) and the upper drive drum 12 using a chain drive 17. The driven drum 14, the upper tensioning roller 10, the lower one are also rotated. tensioning roller 11 and rollers-shakers 15.

At this time, the drying agent is fed from the exhaust pipe of the boiler plant using a centrifugal fan through the duct 25. In this case, the drying agent is fed through all the branches of the perforated tape 5 with sprouted grain from the bottom up through the labyrinth formed by the partitions 26 (Fig. 2). As a drying agent, the exhaust gases of a boiler plant operating on natural gas are used. The spent drying agent is removed into the atmosphere by an exhaust hood 31 (Fig. 1) through the opening 32. To prevent leakage of the drying agent between the perforated tape 5 and the panel 34 (Fig. 2), partitions 27 and 28 are installed (Fig. 1).

During operation of the conveyor of the drying chamber, the mass of germinated grain bends the branches of the perforated tape 5. In places where the rollers-shakers 15 are installed, the branches of the perforated tape 5 are lifted and shaken. By shaking the perforated tape 5, the contact of the drying agent with the sprouted grain is increased.

From the first branch of the perforated tape 5, the sprouted grain is sent using the ejector 20 (Fig. 2, 4) to the inclined grooves 18 and 19 (Fig. 3), from which the sprouted grain is fed to the second branch of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1). During the dumping, the support 22 (Fig. 3) prevents the deflection of the branch of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1) under the ejector 20 (Fig. 2, 4) over the inclined grooves 18 and 19 (Fig. 3). On the second branch of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1) using the leveling device 21 (Fig. 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed along the width of the branch. During the movement of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1), the sprouted grain is displaced through all four branches of the perforated tape 5 (Fig. 1) using the ejector 20 (Fig. 2, 4) and inclined troughs 18, 19 (Fig. 3). From the fourth branch of the perforated tape 5, the sprouted grain is dumped onto the upper branch of the perforated tape 23.

In the cooling chamber, towards the movement of the perforated belt 23 of the conveyor with the dried sprouted grain, cool air is supplied from the centrifugal fan 29. The dried and cooled sprouted grain is discharged from the upper perforated belt 23 through the discharge pipe 30 (Fig. 3). The exhaust air after passing through the germinated dried grain is removed by an exhaust umbrella 31 (Fig. 1) through the hole 33.

The use of the proposed conveyor installation for drying the germinated grain allows to increase the uniformity of drying of the germinated grain by increasing the contact of the drying agent with the sprouted grain by grinding by cutting knives in the loading hopper of the germinated grain before dosing on a perforated tape.

Information sources

1. RU 102771 U1, F26B3 / 30 (2006.01). Dryer / V.M. Popov, V.A. Afonkina, A.A. Kechkin - 2010140666/03, Claimed 04/10/2010; Publ. 03/10/2001.

2. RU 2276761 C1, F26B17 / 04 (2006.01). Belt dryer for bulk cargo / Yu.D. Tarasov - 2004130992/06, Declared October 21, 2004; Publ. 05/20/2006.

3. RU 2371651 C2, F26B17 / 04, (2006.01). Drying installation of continuous action / I.A. Khisaev, A.Kh. Nagimov, T.S. Nabiev, S.V. Halikov 2007133967/06; Stated, September 11, 2007; Publ. 10/27/2009.

4. RU 2238492 C1, 7 F26 B 17/04 Dryer / S.A. Bulavin, K.V. Kazakov, V.V. Bilko - 2003114539/06; Stated May 15, 2003; Publ. 10/20/2004.

Claims (1)

A conveyor installation for drying germinated grain, consisting of two perforated belts, an air duct for supplying exhaust gas to a boiler house under pressure, a loading hopper, characterized in that the hopper is made with a grinding device, for grinding the germinated grain, the grinding device is made with two rows of knives fixed to walls of the hopper, and three rows of knives mounted on the shafts, ejectors are installed above the branches of the perforated tape, inclined grooves are located below the tape.

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