RU2159531C2 - Seed transportation and storage apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural production. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has complex of containers-hoppers, charging device, and drive. Discharge device has gates and springs mounted for rotation in casings by means of single drive. Gates are made perforated for supplying air into hopper conical part to reduce seed moisture content. Discharge device is equipped with seed flow dissector for reducing seed fractionating. Apparatus of such construction may be used for seed charging, discharging, drying, presowing heating, as well as for treatment with seed disinfectant solution. EFFECT: reduced power and labor consumption by providing seed treatment procedure during charging-discharge of seeds. 3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for the complex mechanization of crop production, namely, transportation, storage, dressing, handling, loading of seeders with seeds and other bulk materials.

 The prototype is a seeder loader (autoswitch. N 247676 A, class A 01 C 7/00, 04.06.69), including a hopper divided into two compartments (for grain and for fertilizer), with a movable bottom and an unloading device made in the form of concentrically arranged spiral-screw conveyors enclosed in casings. The loader is installed in the vehicle, has two drive devices, is operated only during the period of field work, and then removed and not used.

 The disadvantage of this loader is that the installation of such loaders requires a lot of labor and time, it is used in a very short time sowing crops.

 In the proposed device for transporting and storing seeds, the container hopper is equipped with unloading devices and a single drive made in the form of springs rotating in the casings, as well as in that the portions of the unloading part of the hopper and the shutter are perforated and there is a flow divider for the seeds of the unloading device, which reduces the pressure of the mass of seeds on the rotating spring, thereby reducing damage to the seeds and energy consumption.

 The container hopper of the proposed device for transportation and storage of seeds is the basis for the comprehensive mechanization of the entire technological cycle of work with seeds. The container hopper can be used for long-distance transportation of simultaneously different types of seeds, to serve as a seed storage with active ventilation, a seeder loader, including with simultaneous seed dressing in the field.

 Loading and unloading of container bins when using and for storage of grain is carried out by a reloader.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce the moisture content of grain, carrying out its pre-sowing heating and dressing during loading and unloading, which makes it possible to reduce energy and labor costs, as well as crushing seeds.

In FIG. 1 shows a device, side view;
in FIG. 2 - the same, rear view;
in FIG. 3 - same, top view;
in FIG. 4 is a view B of FIG. 1;
in FIG. 5 is a view A of FIG. 4;
in FIG. 6 is an embodiment of a device for storing seeds with the possibility of active ventilation, plan view;
in FIG. 7 - an option for unloading seeds from the warehouse into the seeder loader, plan view.

 The device has a common frame 1, sheathed with sheet material (hereinafter referred to as the container hopper), mooring hooks 2, hatches 3, preventing the ingress of atmospheric precipitation, a drive in the form of an electric motor 10 or a hydraulic motor 34 mounted on the vehicle 8. The bottom of the container - the hopper is cone-shaped and can be optionally divided into sections 4, the discharge device in the form of latches 6 and perforated top casings 17 with springs 13, which are driven into rotational motion from double-strand single actuator 9, by means of pulleys 7 odnoruchevymi odnoremenno 11 and 12 double-belt transmission. The unloading device has flow dividers 5 mounted above the unloading hole (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), spaced at intervals in accordance with the pitch of the perforated windows 18. Each shutter is perforated, controlled by a handle 15 and has travel stops 19.

 When using the proposed device for the usual transportation of seeds, unloading is carried out by working springs 13 through trays 14.

 For loading and unloading seeds in storage conditions, a spring conveyor-reloader 24 is used, which is rotationally driven by drive 25.

 The reloader allows you to change the height of the intake and unloading of seeds - the lower position 26 and the upper position 27.

 The device can be used in other versions: without a working spring 13, the container-hopper is used as a usual container for transportation 20, after installation on the supports 29, the container-hopper acts as a storage 21 with active ventilation 28, and to prevent the air flow from escaping, the perforated casing is closed plug 30; after removing the stub 30, the seeds are unloaded from the hopper 23 by a reloader.

 After installing the hydraulic motor 34, the dosing agent-treater 33, the extension of the working spring 13 with an additional spring 32 through the adapter 31, the container hopper is used as a loader of seeders 22 with simultaneous seed dressing in the field.

 The working process is as follows: the container hopper is installed on the vehicle, loaded with grain through the hatch 3 and transported to the warehouse, where the grain is unloaded by springs 13 or reloaded by the reloader 24 through the hatch to a similar storage container. The container is ventilated if necessary. Unloading is carried out by the same reloader 24 to the container-loader of seeders 22, which is equipped with a hydraulic actuator of springs 13, and if necessary, dry, semi-liquid or liquid disinfectant is fed to the unloaded seeds through the batcher 33. The dressing agent is mixed with a rotating spring with seeds directly when loading the seeders. At the same time, the performance of perforated dampers reduces the moisture content of the seeds, as this allows air to be supplied to the conical part of the hopper, and to reduce the crushing of seeds, the flow dividers of the discharge device are used.

 Loading, unloading, dressing and reducing the moisture content of grain are performed by this device at the same time, which reduces labor and energy costs.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for transporting and storing seeds, consisting of a complex of container bins, an unloading device and a drive, characterized in that the unloading device is made in the form of dampers and rotating in casings from a single spring drive.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutters are perforated.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge device has a seed flow dividers to reduce damage to the seeds.

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