RU2479809C1 - Process line for grain germination, its handling and preparation for feeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.SUBSTANCE: process line for grain germination, its handling and preparation for feeding consists of a supply pipeline of exhaust gases of the boiler room (drying agent) under pressure and four perforated conveyors. The latter have two working branches: upper and lower ones; upper branches of perforated conveyors are equipped with passive agitators; seals are installed between guide shields and perforated conveyors; seals are fixed relative to guide shields; levelling-off screws are installed above perforated conveyors; supports are installed below branches of perforated conveyors under reclaimers; supports are projected beyond the reclaimer dimensions throughout the length of perforated conveyors; upper part of the funnel in horizontal plane is made so that it projects beyond the dimensions of the reclaimer and the support; the air duct cross section is made in the form of a ring with three walls (external, intermediate and internal); heat insulating material is placed between rings; holes are made in upper part of the air duct under perforated conveyor; cross section of the air duct is made in the form of a shape, in which upper and lower bases are parallel, and side sides are rounded; holes are made in upper base of the air duct. The proposed process line for grain germination, its handing and preparation for feeding provides uniform drying of germinated grain; at that, it improves the contact of germinated grain with the drying agent, generates vibrations of the germinated grain, distributes the germinated grain in the branch during the drying process, reduces non-productive losses of the drying agent and provides the cooling of germinated grain.EFFECT: increasing the efficiency of introduction to the mixed feed of germinated grain used as green food for breeding sows.5 dwg

Description

The technological line for the germination of grain, its processing and preparation for feeding refers to agriculture and is intended to increase the efficiency of introducing germinated grain into feed, used as green dressing for sows.

Known continuous drying apparatus [RU 2371651 C2, F26B 17/04 (2006.01), 10.27.2009], consisting of a loading hopper and an unloading hopper, a closed scraper mesh belt conveyor, driving and driven drums, gas distribution box, fans.

The disadvantages of the drying installation are low productivity, because on the conveyor the material to be dried lies in a thin layer, and the impossibility of turning the material.

Known conveyor multi-zone dryer for drying bulk and low-flowing materials [RU 2176059 C2, 7 F26B 17/04, 11/20/2001], consisting of a conveyor, discharge and suction ducts, plates, perforated bottom.

The disadvantages of the multi-zone dryer are the high metal consumption for the manufacture of injection and suction channels, one working branch of the conveyor. During drying, there is no possibility of tedding the material.

Known drying unit [RU 102771 U1, F26B 3/30 (2006.01), 11/20/2001], consisting of belt conveyors, a drive mechanism, a pickup, shielding shields. Drying agent may leak between shields and conveyor branches.

The disadvantages of the drying installation is the lack of spreaders over the three lower conveyors.

Known tape dryer for bulk cargo [RU 2276761 C1, F26B 17/04 (2006.01), 05/20/2006]. It consists of a drying chamber, loading and unloading devices, air heater, branches of a flexible tape, plow ejectors and two inclined grooves.

The disadvantages of the considered tape dryer is the uneven distribution of the material along the width of the flexible tape, uneven drying along the height of the layer of material on the tape, the absence of a tedding process.

The closest analogue is a drying unit [RU 2238492 C1, 7 F26B 17/04, 10.20.2004], consisting of belt conveyors, finger agitators, drive mechanism.

A drawback of the drying unit is the leakage of the drying agent through the space between the conveyor and the shields.

The objective of the invention is to ensure uniformity of drying of the sprouted grain by improving the contact of the sprouted grain with the drying agent, as well as by vibration and distribution of the sprouted grain on the branches of the perforated conveyors during drying, reducing the overhead of the drying agent, and cooling the dried sprouted grain.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that for the implementation of this task, the proposed production line for germinating grain, processing and preparing for feeding is made of series-connected parts: bins, loading auger, conveyor for germinating grain, elevator, dryer, inclined pipe, gear motor , chain drive, perforated conveyors, leveling augers, passive shakers, guides, vents, funnels, supports, gaskets, ducts, tilyatorov, hood, crushers, rotary valve, the mixer, the loading of the screw, the hopper drive, rope-shaybovogo conveyor motor with reduction gear boxes, helical conveyor, the dispenser trough.

In this case, the hopper is designed to soak the grain, for example, in a solution of potassium permanganate. A loading auger is installed at the bottom of the hopper. The loading auger is designed to feed grain into a conveyor for germinating grain. A hopper is installed under the bottom conveyor. The lower part of the noria is immersed in the hopper. Noria is designed to feed germinated grain from the hopper to the dryer. To carry out the transfer of germinated grain from the upper branches of the perforated conveyors to the lower ones, a dropper with a funnel is made. Supporters are installed below the perforated conveyor branches under the ejectors. Supporters favor the overall dimensions of the ejector. The upper part of the funnel in the horizontal plane is made protruding beyond the overall dimensions of the ejector and support.

Guides are provided at the ends of the perforated conveyors. Seals are installed between the guide plates and the perforated conveyors. The seals are made motionless relative to the guide flaps. Leveling augers are installed above the branches of the perforated conveyors. The right and left side of the leveling screws are made with a different direction of spiral winding. The upper branches of the perforated conveyors are equipped with passive shakers.

An inclined pipe is installed in the lower part of the dryer under the lower perforated conveyor. The inclined pipeline is configured to load dried germinated grain into the crusher. The lock gate is connected to the mixer with the lower part. There is a lid on top of the mixer. The lid is necessary to ensure that dry feed can be loaded into the mixing chamber.

An unloading pipe is installed at the bottom of the mixer. The discharge pipe is made with the possibility of loading the hopper with a mixture of dry feed with sprouted, dried and crushed grain. A spiral conveyor is installed at the bottom of the hopper. The spiral conveyor is connected to the storage hopper. A cable-washer conveyor is fixed to the bottom of the storage hopper. To drive the cable and washer conveyor, an electric motor with a gearbox is provided.

Windows are made in the cable-washer conveyor to ensure the mixture is sprinkled from sprouted, dried, crushed grain and dry compound feed into the dispenser. The dispenser is fixed to the bottom of the cable and washer conveyor, above the feeder.

The proposed production line for the germination of grain, its processing and preparation for feeding due to the distinguishing features provides a solution to the problem, increase the uniformity of drying of germinated grain and increase the efficiency of drying efficiency.

The principle of operation of the processing line for germination of grain, its processing and preparation for feeding will be clear from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a processing line for germinating grain, processing it and preparing it for feeding, FIG. 2 is a side view of a germinated grain dryer; FIG. 3 shows a section through a germinated grain dryer; FIG. 4 shows the mechanism for moving the germinated grain from the upper branch of the perforated conveyor to the lower. In FIG. Figure 5 shows the mechanism for moving the germinated grain from the upper branch of the perforated conveyor to the lower one, the distribution mechanism of the germinated grain on the perforated conveyor.

The production line for germinating grain, processing it and preparing for feeding (Fig. 1) consists of a hopper 1, a loading screw 2. Moreover, a conveyor for germinating grain 3 is installed under the loading screw 2. A hopper is installed under the conveyor 4 5. The noria 6 is loaded with the lower part in the hopper 5. The upper part of the elevator 6 is connected with the hopper 7 of the dryer 8 (Fig. 1, 2). In the lower part of the dryer 8 is installed an inclined pipe 9 (Fig. 1). The inclined pipe is made with the possibility of loading into the hopper 10 of the crusher 11. The lock gate 12 is connected to the mixer 13 with the bottom 13. A cover 14 is made at the top of the mixer 13. A screw 15 is installed at the bottom of the mixer 13. The hopper 16 is connected to the screw 15 at the top. a spiral conveyor 17 is installed at the bottom of the hopper 16. A spiral conveyor 17 is connected to the storage hopper 18. The storage hopper 18 is installed in the room in which the animals are located. A cable-washer conveyor 19 is made in the lower part of the storage hopper 18. An electric motor 20 with a gearbox is provided for the drive of the cable-washer conveyor 19.

Windows 21 are made in the cable-washer conveyor 19 to provide a mixture of sprouted, dried, crushed grain with dry compound feed to the dispenser 22. The dispenser 22 is made in the lower part of the cable-washer conveyor 19, above the feeder 23.

The dryer 8 (Fig. 1, 2) consists of a dispenser, including a hopper 7, a metering screw 24 (Fig. 2), a casing 25 and an electric motor 26. An opening is made in the lower part along the casing of the metering screw 24. Moreover, under the hopper 7 (Fig. 1, 2) in the casing of the metering screw 24 (Fig. 2), the opening width is minimal - equal to the thickness of several grains. In this case, the opposite part of the casing of the screw 24 is made with holes of greater width. The axis of rotation of the metering screw 24 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 (Fig. 2, 3). Perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 are made parallel to each other, as well as under each other. Perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 are intended for drying germinated grain, and perforated conveyor 30 is made with the possibility of cooling to atmospheric temperature.

The boiler installation 31 (Fig. 1, 2) is connected to a dryer 8 for using exhaust gases as a drying agent. Moreover, the boiler unit 31 is configured to operate on natural gas. The air duct 32 (Fig. 2) with a fan 33 is made from the exhaust pipe of the boiler unit 31 (Fig. 1, 2) to the dryer 8. Inside the dryer 8, an air duct 32 (Fig. 2, 3) is installed under the perforated conveyor 29. In the cross section of the air duct 32 is made in the form of a ring with three walls (outer, middle and inner). Between the rings is placed insulating material. This design of the duct 32 (Fig. 2, 3) is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the drying agent is maintained at the entrance to the dryer 8 (Fig. 1, 2). In the upper part of the duct 32 (Fig. 2, 3), holes are made under the perforated conveyor 29. The holes are made to feed the drying agent upward through the perforated conveyor 29. The fan 33 (Fig. 2) is configured to feed the drying agent into the duct 32 (Fig. 2, 3). The duct 32 is installed below the perforated conveyor 29. The duct 34 in cross section is made in the form of a figure in which the upper and lower bases are parallel and the sides are rounded (Fig. 3). To supply the drying agent through the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3), holes are made in the upper base of the air duct 34. An air duct 34 is installed above the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29. In the upper base of the air duct 34, which is made over the perforated conveyor 27, openings are not provided.

The centrifugal fan 35 (Fig. 2) is designed to supply atmospheric air under pressure to the perforated conveyor 30 (Fig. 2, 3) to cool the dried sprouted grain. Perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 are made with two working branches: upper and lower.

The gear motor 36 (Fig. 2) is designed to rotate four perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 (Fig. 2, 3) and is connected to them using a chain gear 37 (Fig. 2). Moreover, the chain gear 37 is made to ensure the movement of the perforated conveyors 27, 29 (Fig. 2, 3) in one direction, while ensuring the movement of the perforated conveyors 28, 30 in the opposite direction. For grain transfer from the upper branch of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 to the lower branch of the conveyors 27, 28, 29, a spreader 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) and a funnel 39, at the ends of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 ( Fig. 2, 3) guide flaps 40 are provided (Fig. 2, 5). Between the guide plates 40 and the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3), seals 41 are installed (Fig. 2, 5). The seals 41 are made stationary relative to the guiding flaps 40 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5). In order to clean the sprouted grain from the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (FIG. 2, 3) without residue, it is necessary to ensure that the ejector 38 is pressed tightly against them (FIG. 2, 3, 4, 5). So that the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3) do not bend, support arms 42 are installed below the branches of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 under the ejectors 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) (Fig. 2, 5 ) Support 42 is made motionless. To maintain the branches of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Figs. 2, 3), support arms 42 (Figs. 2, 5) are provided in the zone of re-bending. The supports 42 are in favor of the overall dimensions of the ejector 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) along the length of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3). The upper part of the funnel 39 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) in the horizontal plane is made protruding beyond the overall dimensions of the ejector 38 and the support 42. An exhaust hood 43 is provided for withdrawing the spent drying agent (Fig. 1, 2). Perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3) are made with two working branches: upper and lower. The upper branches of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 are equipped with passive shakers 44 (Fig. 2). The shakers 44 are made in the form of cylinders, and the axis of rotation of the cylinders is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 (Fig. 2, 3). The shakers 44 (Fig. 2) are designed to vibrate the upper branches of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 (Fig. 2, 3). Below the perforated conveyor 30, an unloading pipe 45 is made (Fig. 2). Leveling screws 46 are installed above the upper branch of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3), as well as above the lower branch of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 5). The right and left side of the leveling screws 46 are made with a different direction of spiral winding. Leveling screws 46 are configured to change the gap between them and the corresponding branches of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 (Fig. 2, 3).

A technological line for the germination of grain, its processing and preparation for feeding works as follows. In the hopper 1 (Fig. 1) pour 1% solution of potassium permanganate. The grain in the hopper 1 with the solution can withstand 12 hours. Then the grain from the hopper 1 loading auger 2 is fed into the conveyor for germination of grain 3. After germination of the grain after 4 ... 5 days, the germinated grain from the conveyor 4 is fed into the hopper 5. Then using the elevator 6, the germinated grain is fed into the hopper 7 (Fig. 1, 2) dryers 8.

The electric motor is turned on, which drives the metering screw 24 (Fig. 2), the germinated grain is uniformly unloaded to the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 27 (Fig. 2, 3). At this time, a drying agent is supplied from the exhaust pipe of the boiler unit 31 (Fig. 1, 2) using a fan 33 (Fig. 2) through the duct 32 (Fig. 2, 4) to the moving perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29. Through holes of the duct 32, a part of the drying agent passes through the perforated conveyor 29. The main part of the drying agent is then fed to the guide plate 40 (Fig. 2, 5) on the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 29 (Fig. 2, 3). Next, a part of the drying agent is fed through the openings of the air duct 34 into the perforated conveyor 28. The main part of the drying agent is fed to the guide plate 40 (Fig. 2, 5), then to the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 28 (Fig. 2, 3). Then, a part of the drying agent is fed through the openings of the air duct 34 (Fig. 2) into the perforated conveyor 27, the main part of the drying agent is fed to the guide plate 40 (Fig. 2, 5) and through the exhaust hood 43 (Fig. 1, 2) to the atmosphere. During the movement of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29, 30 (Fig. 2, 3) due to the mass of the sprouted grain, their branches bend. In places where the shakers 44 are installed (Fig. 2), the branches of the perforated conveyors are lifted. The germinated grain placed on the upper branch of the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3) when vibrating through the shaker 44 (Fig. 2) vibrates. Due to vibration, the contact of the drying agent with the germinated grain is increased. Due to this, the uniformity of drying of germinated grain increases to 97 ... 98%.

From the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 27, the sprouted grain with the help of the ejector 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) is sent to the funnel 39, from which the sprouted grain enters the lower branch of the perforated conveyor 27 (Fig. 2, 3). During dropping, the support 42 (Fig. 2, 5) prevents the deflection of the branch of the perforated conveyors 28, 29, 30 under the ejector 38, above the funnel 39 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5). On the lower branch of the perforated conveyor 27, using the leveling screw 46 (Fig. 2, 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed over the width of the branch. In the process of movement of the perforated conveyor 27 (Fig. 2, 3), the germinated grain is fed to the ejector 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5), then to the guiding funnel 39 and from it to the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 28 (Fig. 2, four). On the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 28 using the leveling screw 46 (Fig. 2, 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed along the width of the branch. In the process of movement of the perforated conveyor 28 (Fig. 2, 4), the germinated grain is moved to the opposite side of the perforated conveyor 28. From the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 28, the sprouted grain is sent to the funnel 39 using the ejector 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) , from which it enters the lower branch of the perforated conveyor 28 (Fig. 2, 3). Then, using the leveling screw 46 (Fig. 2, 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed over the width of the branch. During the movement of the perforated conveyor 28 (Fig. 2, 3), the germinated grain is moved under the ejector 37 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5), while under the influence of gravity it will fall into the funnel 39 and from it to the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 29 (Fig. 2, 3). Then, using the leveling screw 46 (Fig. 2, 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed over the width of the branch. During the movement of the perforated conveyor 29 (Fig. 2, 3), the sprouted grain is moved to the opposite side of the perforated conveyor 29. From the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 29, the sprouted grain is sent to the funnel 39 using the ejector 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5) , from which it enters the lower branch of the perforated conveyor 29 (Fig. 2, 4). Then, using the leveling screw 46 (Fig. 2, 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed over the width of the branch. In the process of movement of the perforated conveyor 29 (Fig. 2, 3), the germinated grain is fed to the ejector 38 (Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5), then into the guiding funnel 39 and from it to the upper branch of the perforated conveyor 30 (Fig. 2, 3). Then, using the leveling screw 46 (Fig. 2, 5), the germinated grain is evenly distributed over the width of the branch. Thus, the perforated conveyors 27, 28, 29 (Fig. 2, 3) have two working branches - the upper and lower.

At the perforated conveyor 30, against atmospheric motion of the branch with dried sprouted grain, atmospheric temperature air is supplied under pressure from a centrifugal fan 35 (Fig. 2). The germinated grain, dried and cooled to atmospheric temperature, is discharged from the perforated conveyor 30 (Fig. 2, 3) through the discharge pipe 45 (Fig. 2). The spent drying agent after passing through wet sprouted grain is removed by an exhaust hood 43 (Fig. 1, 2) from the dryer 8 into the atmosphere.

The dried sprouted grain from the dryer 8 through the discharge pipe 45 (Fig. 2) is fed into an inclined pipe 9 (Fig. 1). Using an inclined pipeline 9, the dried sprouted grain is fed into the hopper 10 of the crusher 11. After the crushing process, the crushed sprouted, dried grain is fed through the lock gate 12 to the mixer 13. Dry feed is fed through the open cover 14 to the mixer 13. After a homogeneous mixture of sprouted, dried, crushed sprouted grain and dry compound feed is obtained in the mixer, this mixture is fed to the storage hopper 18 using the screw 15 and the spiral conveyor 17. Then, under the action of gravitational forces, the resulting mixture (14% moisture) is fed into a cable-washer conveyor 19. Through the windows 21 in the cable-washer conveyor 19, the resulting mixture is fed into the dispenser 22. Next, the mixture from the dispenser 22 is fed to the feeder 23.

The technological line for germinating grain, processing it and preparing for feeding ensures uniform drying of the germinated grain, while the contact of the germinated grain with the drying agent is increased, the germinated grain is vibrated, the germinated grain is distributed on the branches during drying, unproductive losses of the drying agent are reduced, and the dried sprouted grain.

Information sources

1. RU 2371651 C2, F26B 17/04 (2006.01). Drying installation of continuous action / I.A. Khisaev, A.Kh. Nagimov, T.S. Nabiev, S.V. Khalikov. - 2007133967/06; claimed September 11, 2007; publ. 10/27/2009.

2. RU 2176059 C2, 7 F26B 17/04. Multi-zone conveyor dryer for drying bulk and low-flowing materials / E.M. Zimin, A.V. Orekhov, M.S. Volkhonov, V.S. Krutov, S.A. Polozov. - 2000100202/06, claimed 10.01.2000; publ. 11/20/2001.

3. RU 102771 U1, F26B 3/30 (2006.01). Dryer / V.M. Popov, V.A. Afonkina, A.A. Kechkin. - 2010140666/03, announced 04.10.2010; publ. 03/10/2001.

4. RU 2276761 C1, F26B 17/04 (2006.01). Belt dryer for bulk cargo / Yu.D. Tarasov. - 2004130992/06, claimed October 21, 2004; publ. 05/20/2006.

5. RU 2238492 C1, 7 F26B 17/04. Dryer / S.A. Bulavin, K.V. Kazakov, V.V. Bilko. - 2003114539/06; claimed May 15, 2003; publ. 10/20/2004.

Claims (1)

A technological line for grain germination, its processing and preparation for feeding, consisting of a pipeline for supplying exhaust gases from a boiler room (drying agent) under pressure, four perforated conveyors, characterized in that the perforated conveyors are made with two working branches: upper and lower, upper branches perforated conveyors are equipped with passive shakers, seals are installed between the guiding shields and perforated conveyors, the seals are made motionlessly relative to With respect to the guiding shields, leveling screws are installed above the perforated conveyors, support devices are installed below the branches of the perforated conveyors, support supports the overall dimensions of the ejector along the length of the perforated conveyors, the top of the funnel in a horizontal plane protrudes beyond the overall dimensions of the ejector and the support, made in the form of a ring with three walls (outer, middle and inner), between the rings and insulating material is placed, in the upper part of the duct, holes are made under the perforated conveyor, the duct in cross section is made in the form of a figure in which the upper and lower bases are parallel and the sides are rounded, holes are made in the upper base of the duct.

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