RU2328133C2 - Bioactive preparation for feeding of farm livestock and method of its feeding - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: bioactive preparation for feeding of farm livestock on basis of vegetative raw materials in which vegetative raw materials are featuring a cake from germs of wheat with containing of essences, mass % of protein - 30-35; sugar - 30; crude fat - 5-8; crude cellulose - 2-3; crude ashes - 4.8; amino acids: lysine - 1.82; cystine - 0.45; arginine - 2.33; series - 1.2; glycine - 1.58; valine - 1.41; leucine - 1.86; methionine - 0.79; histidine - 0.68; threonine - 1.26; proline - 1.09; alanine - 1.83; isoleucine - 0.96; thyrosinum - 0.77; aspartic acid - 2.28; glytamic acid - 5.14; phenyl alanine - 1.03; macronutrients: calcium - 0,09; phosphorus - 1.36; sodium - 0,18; magnesium - 0,39; potassium - 4.93; microelements, Mg/kg: manganese - 202; iron - 122; zinc - 250.8; copper-18.5; selenium - 0.51; lithium - 1.6; chrome - 0.24; vitamins, mg/kg: B1 - 5.25; B2 - 2.42; B3 - 15.96; B5 - 55.91; B6 - 7.75; B12 - 0.003; E - 72 mkg/g. Method of its feeding is carried out under scheme: for chickens - 0.7-1.5% to basic ration from 1-7 days age daily to 28-days age; for laying hens - 5-7% to basic ration daily during the egg-laying period; for fattening chickens - 3-7% to basic ration; for sucking pigs - 5-10 g on head daily from 1-7 days age; for weanling pigs - 5-20 g on head daily; for sows - 100-200 g on head daily.

EFFECT: increase of young safety and productivity and decrease in sick rate of farm livestock.

2 cl, 15 tbl

Description

The invention relates to bioactive preparations for feeding agricultural animals and poultry and can be used as a feed additive to stimulate non-specific immunity factors.

At the moment, it becomes apparent that virtually any pathological process is based on a violation of the functions of the immune system.

As a prophylaxis of these disorders, as well as as a treatment for various diseases, immune preparations, biological products and biologically active feed additives are used.

Ultimately, this allows you to save livestock and increase feed efficiency.

It is known to use a prebiotic - lactulose - a bifid-carbohydrate vitamin preparation in feed concentrates (journal "Storage and processing of agricultural raw materials", 2006, No. 4, p.32).

Known protein and starch product (germinal flakes) from amaranth seeds (US Pat. RF No. 2209233).

Known bioactive drug for feeding farm animals and poultry based on plant materials (A. Vishnyakov et al. “Wheat germ flour in animal feed”, “Feed” magazine 2003, No. 4, pp. 41-42) - prototype.

An object of the invention is to expand the range of bioactive drugs and increase the overall non-specific adaptive reaction of increased activity, characterized by increased resistance and balance of various types of metabolism, increase the safety of young animals, increase productivity, reduce the incidence of farm animals and poultry.

For this purpose, a bioactive preparation is proposed for feeding agricultural animals and poultry based on plant materials, which is a cake from wheat germ with the content of:

Basic substances, wt.%

Protein - 30-35;

Sugar - 30;

Crude fat - 5-8;

Crude fiber - 2-3;

Crude ash - 4.8;

Amino acids:

Lysine - 1.82;

Cystine - 0.45;

Arginine - 2.33;

Serene - 1.2;

Glycine - 1.58;

Valine - 1.41;

Leucine - 1.86;

Methionine - 0.79;

Histidine - 0.68;

Threonine - 1.26;

Proline - 1.09;

Alanine - 1.83;

Isoleucine - 0.96;

Tyrosine - 0.77;

Aspartic acid - 2.28;

Glutamic acid - 5.14;

Phenylalanine - 1.03;

Macronutrients:

Calcium - 0.09;

Phosphorus - 1.36

Sodium - 0.18;

Magnesium - 0.39;

Potassium - 4.93;

Trace elements, mg / kg:

Manganese - 202;

Iron - 122;

Zinc - 250.8;

Copper - 18.5

Selenium - 0.51

Lithium - 1.6;

Chrome - 0.24;

Vitamins, mg / kg:

B ₁ - 5.25;

In ₂ - 2.42;

In ₃ - 15.96;

B ₅ - 55.91;

B ₆ - 7.75;

B ₁₂ - 0.003;

E - 72 mcg / g.

A method for feeding a bioactive preparation to farm animals and poultry is also proposed, where it is asked to feed the main diet according to the scheme:

Chickens - 0.7-1.5% of the main diet from 1-7 days of age daily to 28 days of age;

Laying hens - 5-7% of the main diet daily during the laying period;

Chickens for fattening - 3-7% of the main diet;

Piglets-suckers - 5-10 g per head daily from 1-7 days of age;

Weaned piglets - 5-20 g per head daily;

Sows - 100-200 g per head daily.

Cake from wheat germ obtained by the method of the applicant (application No. 2004126388/13, the decision to grant a patent on 01/16/06)

In the table. 1 shows the content of vitamins and minerals in a cake of wheat germ.

In the table. Figure 2 shows the content of substances that make up the commodity value of wheat germ cake.

Table 1 Macronutrients % Calcium 0.09 Phosphorus 1.36 Sodium 0.18 Magnesium 0.39 Potassium 4.93 Trace elements mg / kg Manganese 202 Iron 122 Zinc 250.8 Copper 18.5 Selenium 0.51 Lithium 1,6 Chromium 0.24 Vitamins mg / kg In ₁ 5.25 In ₂ 2.42 In ₃ 15.96 At ₅ 55.91 At ₆ 7.75 At ₁₂ 0.003 E 72 mcg / g

table 2 Components Content, wt. % Protein 30-35 Sugar thirty Crude fat 5-8 Crude fiber 2-3 Crude ash 4.8 Amino acids Lysine 1.82 Cystine 0.45 Arginine 2,33 Serine 1,2 Glycine 1,58 Valine 1.41 Leucine 1.86 Methionine 0.79 Histidine 0.68 Threonine 1.26 Proline 1.09 Alanine 1.83 Isoleucine 0.96 Tyrosine 0.77 Aspartic acid 2.28 Glutamic acid 5.14 Phenylalanine 1,03

The proposed biological product and biological product from soybean were tested on a separate group of young chickens, selected on the basis of analogues, at a dose of 5 to 7% of the main diet.

Effectiveness was determined based on clinical examination. The results are shown in table. 3

Table 3 Biological product Dose % incidence % safety Soy protein preparation 5-7% to the main diet 11.0 90.0 Protein preparation from cake of wheat germ 5-7% to the main diet 6.0 98.0

The effect of flour from wheat germ on the reproductive function of sows and on the condition of newborn piglets was determined.

For the experiment, on the principle of approximate analogues, 3 groups of sows of 11 animals were selected. The sows of the first experimental group 45 days before the expected farrowing, in addition to the main diet, were fed the proposed drug in a dose of 100 g per head; sows of the second experimental group - 200 g per head, sows of the control group received an economic diet. Pigs received granular mixed feeds according to the standard formulation KK 58 * 3205.00-604 EG for fattening pigs to a fat condition.

During farrowing, the live weight of newborn piglets, the clinical condition of sows, and postpartum complications were taken into account. Piglets were monitored for 30 days. We took into account the safety, incidence of piglets, the average daily gain in live weight. The research results are presented in table. 4-9.

Table 4 Indicators of animals of the control group Taken into account indicators Sows Number of piglets Live weight at birth (kg) Live weight after 30 days (kg) Average daily gain (g) one eleven 0.88 4,52 130 2 8 0.96 4.88 130 3 9 1,02 5.54 151 four 10 0.85 4.96 137 5 7 1.14 6.22 170 6 6 1,08 5.75 156 7 8 0.73 4.43 124 8 7 0.92 4.95 135 9 eleven 0.74 4.30 119 10 10 0.82 4.90 136 eleven 9 0.85 4.68 128 Average data 8.7 0.91 5.02 137.82

Table 5 The indicators of the animals of the first experimental group (100 g of the drug per head) Taken into account indicators Sows Number of piglets Live weight at birth (kg) Live weight after 30 days (kg) Average daily gain (g) one 10 1,03 5.52 150 2 eleven 0.98 5.24 142 3 8 1.22 6.21 167 four 12 0.91 7.98 136 5 10 1,11 6.34 175 6 7 1.45 6.18 158 7 6 1.26 5.10 128 8 8 0.98 5.17 140 9 8 1.23 5.50 143 10 10 0.94 4.95 134 eleven 7 1.15 5.20 135 Average data 8.82 1.12 5.49 146.2 Table 6 The performance of animals of the second experimental group (drug 200 g per head) Taken into account indicators Sows Number of piglets Live weight at birth (kg) Live weight after 30 days (kg) Average daily gain (g) one 8 1.28 5.61 145 2 12 0.94 5.10 139 3 9 1.26 6.15 163 four eleven 0.98 5.55 153 5 9 1.00 5.42 148 6 9 0.98 6.45 171 7 7 1.40 6.53 171 8 8 0.98 5.73 159 9 6 1.46 6.15 157 10 eleven 1.20 5.10 130 eleven 6 1.38 6.20 161 Average data 8.73 1.22 5.82 154.2

Clinical examination of 3 sows of the control group revealed postpartum endometritis, 2 - agalactia, while all sows of the experimental groups were clinically healthy.

The average live weight of piglets at birth was 0.91 kg in the control group, 1.12 kg (+ 18.7%) in the first experimental group, and 1.22 kg (+ 25.4%) in the second experimental group. Newborn piglets in the experimental groups were more even, the difference in live weight did not exceed 100 g, while in the control group the difference in weight of newborn piglets in the nest ranged from 150 to 230 g, there were cases of hypotrophic piglets with live weight 0, 62 kg

Table 7 The effect of the drug on the productivity of suckling piglets Group Number of goals Before experience After the experience (age 7 days) (age 60 days) Total weight (kg) Average weight of 1 head (kg) Total 2 weight (kg) Average weight of 1 head (kg) Average daily gain (g) Control fourteen 31.87 2.28 214.76 15.34 253 Experienced fourteen 31.26 2.24 238.74 17.06 281

Table 8 The effect of the drug on the resistance of piglets Group Erythrocytes Million / μl Hemoglobin G% White blood cells Thys / μl Lymphocytes Thys / μl T-lymphocytes,% T-lymphocytes Thys / μl B-lymphocytes,% B-lymphocytes Thys / μl T / B Index Phagocytic activity,% Phagocyte. U.E. Index Bactericidal Activity,% Lysozyme activity,% The control 4.98 7.54 6.34 6.24 33,4 2.21 24.1 2.01 1.10 38,2 6.68 56.5 8.62 Experience 5.67 8.97 7.28 7.62 37,2 3.06 31,2 2.65 1.16 43,4 8.12 59.8 9.57 Difference +0.69 +1.44 +0.74 +1.38 +3.8 +0.85 +7.1 +0.64 0.06 +5.2 +1.44 +3.3 +0.95

Table 9 The effect of the drug on the productivity of weaned piglets Group Number of goals Before experience After the experience (age 60 days) (age 120 days) Total weight (kg) Average weight of 1 head (kg) Total weight (kg) Average weight of 1 head (kg) Average daily gain (g) Control 9 135.98 15.11 225.86 25.10 178 Experienced 9 136.04 15.12 249.12 27.68 223

After 30 days, the average live weight of piglets in the control group was 5.02 kg, the first experimental - 5.49 kg, which is 8.6% more than the control, the second experimental - 5.82 kg, which is 13.8% higher. Acute gastroenteritis was recorded in piglets of the control group. Safety was 83.5%. Piglets obtained from experimental sows, were ill with gastrointestinal diseases in a mild form, the safety was 93.8%.

Thus, studies have shown that feeding the proposed drug to pregnant sows has a positive effect on the reproductive function of animals, promotes the birth of a larger viable young and increases the growth energy of suckling piglets.

The effect of the proposed drug on the resistance and productivity of piglets

Experiments to study the effect of flour from wheat germ were carried out on piglets - suckers and weaners. 4 groups of animals were formed. The pigs of the first experimental group began to feed the drug from the 7th day of life together with giving granular feed to a volume of 5 g per head.

The duration of the experiment was 53 days. In the control and experimental groups were 14 piglets. The second experimental group was formed from piglets of 60 days of age. The drug was fed in addition to the main diet at a dose of 20 g per head. The control group of animals received the main diet. There were 9 piglets in the groups. The duration of the experiment was 60 days. All groups took into account the increase in live weight, clinical condition, and the safety of piglets. Piglets of the first experimental and control groups 53 days after the start of the experiment, blood was taken for hematological and immunological analysis.

Studies have shown that feeding the proposed drug to piglets in conjunction with the introduction of feeding, starting from the 7th day contributes to the willingness of eating food and faster adaptation of animals to new feeds. At the time of weaning, the live weight in piglets treated with the drug was 11.2% more than in the control. Hematological and immunological analyzes indicate activation of hematopoiesis and indicators of natural resistance in experimental animals, which contributes to increased safety.

The introduction of the drug into the diet of weaned piglets at a dose of 20 g per head also increases the growth energy of animals. 60 days after the start of the experiment, the live weight of the experimental piglets was higher than that of the control by 10.8%.

Studies have made it possible to recommend the introduction of cake of wheat germ in the diet of pregnant sows and pigs, starting from 1-7 days of life.

In the table. Figure 11 shows the effect of cake of wheat germ on the clinical and immunological parameters of pregnant sows.

In the table. Figure 12 shows the effect of wheat germ cake on the safety of newborn piglets.

For the experiment, on the principle of approximate analogues, 2 groups of sows of 6 animals were selected. Sows of the experimental group 45 days before the proposed farrow, in addition to the main diet, were fed a drug at a dose of 200 g per head. Sows of the control group received an economic diet. 30 days after the start of the experiment, blood was taken for immunological analysis in 5 animals of the control and experimental groups.

Table 10 Groups Red blood cells, mln / μl Hemoglobin,% White blood cells, thousand / μl T-lymphocytes,% T-lymphocytes,% B-lymphocytes,% B-lymphocytes, thousand / μl Index, T / R Phagocytic activity,% Phagocytic index, U.E. Lymphocytes, thousand / μl Bactericidal activity,% Lysozyme activity,% Experience 5.73 8.66 11.58 38,0 2.69 27.33 1.94 1.39 40,0 7.53 7.08 58.55 9.72 The control 5.33 8.36 11.66 36.33 2,58 30.66 2.00 1.28 4.0 8.02 6.58 55.08 8.57 Difference +0.4 +0.3 -0.08 +1.67 +0.11 -3.33 0.06 +0.11 0 -0.5 +0.5 +3.47 +1.15

Thus, the use of oilcake from wheat germ has a stimulating effect on hematopoiesis - the content of red blood cells increases by 7.2%, by 3.6% of hemoglobin. Under the influence of feeding, humoral immunity is activated, as evidenced by an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum.

Surveys took into account the live weight of newborn piglets, the clinical condition of sows, and postpartum complications. Piglets were monitored for 30 days. We took into account the safety, incidence of piglets, the average daily gain in live weight.

Table 11 Indicators of animals of the control group Taken into account indicators Sows one 2 3 four 5 6 Number of piglets 12 fourteen 10 9 12 10 Live weight at 0.97 1,1 1,52 1,56 0.98 1.13 birth (kg) Live weight in 30 days 4.92 5.38 6.72 6.13 4.87 5.23 The average daily gain m. (g) 107 112 174 152 99 137 Piglets left 9 9 9 7 10 7

Table 12 The indicators of the animals of the experimental group Taken into account indicators Sows one 2 3 four 5 6 Number of piglets 9 9 10 fourteen 10 9 Live weight at 1.93 1.35 1.34 1.16 1.48 1.88 birth (kg) Live weight through 6.21 5.85 6.12 7.24 6.13 6.95 30 days Average daily 143 152 159 187 213 206 gain m (g) Piglets left 9 8 9 12 10 9

The average live weight of newborn piglets in the experimental group was 1.52 kg, in the control group - 1.21 kg, which is 25.6% less.

Clinical examination of 2 sows of the control group revealed postpartum endometritis, all sows of the experimental group were clinically healthy. Newborn piglets of the experimental group were more even, the difference in live weight did not exceed 110 g, while in the control group the difference in weight of newborn piglets in the nest was more than 200 g.

After 30 days, the average live weight of piglets in the control group was 5.65 kg, experimental - 6.58 kg, which is 16.4% more. Acute gastroenteritis was recorded in piglets of the control group. Safety was 76%. Piglets obtained from experimental sows, gastrointestinal diseases were ill in a mild form, the safety was 85%.

Thus, studies have shown that feeding the drug to pregnant sows has a positive effect on the indicators of natural resistance and contributes to the birth of a larger viable young.

Recommended percentage for laying hens:

- for productive laying hens, the recommended input is 5-7%;

- for productive laying hens in the pre-laying period to improve egg production and reduce the number of rejected eggs (dirty, notched "notch" ...) at the age of 105-150 days - 5-7%;

- for productive laying hens in order to improve the quality of food eggs (increase in the content of vitamins (A, E) and minerals (Mn, Zn, Se)) - 5-7% constantly.

In order to study the effect of oilcake from wheat germ in the starting diets of broiler chickens cross FV experiment was conducted. Two experimental groups were formed: the first group with cellular content; the second group with outdoor content. The results of the experiment are shown in table 13.

Table 13 Indicator unit of measurement The control Experience No. 4 Cellular Content No. 11 Floor content No. 3 Cellular Content No. 1 Floor maintenance Fattened Goals 49910 33076 49302 42240 Maintenance period Days 45 43 43 43 Of feed K / days 1828937 1354891 1863899 1676733 Gain received Ts 76556 53458 80316 74460 Daily gain G 41.9 40.6 43.1 44,2 Feed consumption Ts 1477.8 1030.12 1543.5 1407.5 Ha 1 kg gain Ts 1.93 1.93 1.92 1.9 Safety % 93.6 95.6 94.6 95.3 Technological slaughter Ts 75565 52960 79799 74082 1st category % 84,4 82 86.3 91.7 2nd category % 6.7 5.9 4.7 4.3 Non-standard % 8.9 12.1 9 four Average weight of 1 head G 1889 1760 1855 1869 Productivity index 203 201 212 222

The average daily gain is calculated for feed days, taking into account the case and culling.

An experiment was carried out on feeding birds for fattening, which added 3–7% of the ration of wheat germ cake to the feed.

The results of the experiment are shown in table 14.

Table 14 Indicators Group 1 control 2 experience 3 experience 4 experience Initial stock, goal. 1000 1000 1000 1000 Preservation,% 95.2 97.7 97.5 96.3 Heads slaughtered 952 977 975 963 Live weight 1 goal., G 1654 1942 1954 1946 Daily average gain 38.3 45,2 45.5 45.3 Gross growth, g 1574.6 1897.3 1905.2 1874 Slaughter yield,% 67.8 68.7 67.8 67.7 Received meat, kg 1068 1303 1292 1269

And table 15 shows the content of vitamins A and E in meat chickens.

Table 15 Age days Group Vitamin A, μg / g Vitamin E, μg / g fifteen 1 control 30.08 11.31 2 experienced 37.45 18.36 3 experienced 31.86 21.60 4 experienced 36.68 19.12 thirty 1 control 38,4 12.5 2 experienced 70.8 13,4 3 experienced 41.25 16.59 4 experienced 41.55 17.89 42 1 control 91.36 33.76 2 experienced 164.87 35.8 3 experienced 142.56 36.46 4 experienced 93.33 43,44

The high content of vitamin A and E in the liver of chickens of the experimental groups indicates that cake is an antioxidant and a source of these vitamins. At 20 days in the 2nd experimental group, vitamin A was 32.4 μg / g higher than the control at the same age, and at 42 days the level of vitamin A was 104.87 μg / g in the 2nd experimental group, which is 73, 51 μg / g higher compared to the control (91.36 μg / g).

Thus, the studies, including immunological monitoring, confirmed that the claimed bioactive drug - cake from wheat germ, has good bioavailability for the organism of farm animals and poultry, normalizes metabolic processes and provides the possibility of a wide range of its use with good tolerability and the absence of adverse reactions.

Its application fits easily into the technology of keeping animals and birds.

Claims (2)

1. A bioactive preparation for feeding agricultural animals and poultry based on plant materials, characterized in that the plant material is a bag of wheat germ containing: Basic substances, wt.%: Protein 30-35 Sugar thirty Crude fat 5-8 Crude fiber 2-3 Crude ash 4.8, Amino acids, wt.%: Lysine 1.82 Cystine 0.45 Arginine 2,33 Serine 1,2 Glycine 1,58 Valine 1.41 Leucine 1.86 Methionine 0.79 Histidine 0.68 Threonine 1.26 Proline 1.09 Alanine 1.83 Isoleucine 0.96 Tyrosine 0.77 Aspartic acid 2.28 Glutamic acid 5.14 Phenylalanine 1.03, Trace elements, mg / kg: Calcium 0.09 Phosphorus 1.36 Sodium 0.18 Magnesium 0.39 Potassium 4.93, Trace elements, mg / kg: Manganese 202 Iron 122 Zinc 250.8 Copper 18.5 Selenium 0.51 Lithium 1,6 Chromium 0.24, Vitamins, mg / kg: B ₁ 5.25 In ₂ 2.42 In ₃ 15.96 At ₅ 55.91 At ₆ 7.75 At ₁₂ 0.003 E 72 mcg / g. 2. The method of feeding the bioactive drug to farm animals and poultry according to claim 1, where it is asked to feed the main diet according to the scheme: Chickens - 0.7-1.5% of the main diet from 1-7 days of age daily to 28 days of age; Laying hens - 5-7% of the main diet daily during the laying period; Chickens for fattening - 3-7% of the main diet; Piglets-suckers - 5-10 g per head daily from 1-7 days of age; Weaned piglets - 5-20 g per head daily; Sows - 100-200 g per head daily.