RU2276866C1 - Method for feeding of farm animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, feed production.

SUBSTANCE: method involves feeding animals with ration containing balancing feed additive including Selenopyran preparation used in an amount of 0.3 mg per 1 kg of feed and biologically active additive "Alexandrina" used in an amount of 5 g per 1 kg of live weight.

EFFECT: increased productivity of animals and improved quality of animal farming products.

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Description

The invention relates to animal husbandry, in particular to increasing productivity, improving the quality of animal products.

The problem of providing the population with high-quality food products, which include milk and meat, is the most important for the agro-industrial complex. This problem can be solved by scientifically based balanced feeding of farm animals. In recent years, in order to balance the diets of farm animals with respect to the main nutrients, various feed additives are widely used, containing waste from the food industry, products of microbiological synthesis, salts of macro- and microelements, preparations, vitamins, enzymes, amino acids, etc.

There is a method of improving the quality of milk by introducing, in addition to the main diet of lactating cows, a balancing feed additive [1]. The well-known balancing feed additive is designed taking into account the actual nutritional value of local feed and detailed norms in relation to local soil and climatic conditions. In this case, the aim of the invention was to reduce the content of heavy metals in the product.

The technical result is to increase productivity and improve the quality of livestock products.

This is achieved by introducing into the diet of animals an additional balancing additive, taking into account the quality of the feed, including the selenium-containing preparation "Selenopyran" in the amount of 0.3 mg per 1 kg of feed and the biologically active additive "Alexandrina" in the amount of 5 g per kg of live weight.

The ability of small doses of selenium to accelerate a number of metabolic processes allows us to use it as a factor that increases the productivity of animals and improves the quality of the final product. In terms of its effect on the body, selenium is close to the action of vitamin E. It regulates the absorption and consumption of vitamins A, C, E in the body. The important biological role of selenium in animals showed the need for its presence in the diet. In animal husbandry, selenium is used both in an inorganic form - sodium selenite, and in organic.

The most effective drugs are heterocyclic organo-selenium low-toxic compounds of the selenophenyl and selenopyran series. These drugs have significantly lower toxicity and high lipophilicity compared to sodium selenite, which makes it possible to have a prolonged action, DAFS-25 (diacetophenonyl selenide) [2], and the most promising selenopyran at present is 9-phenyl-symmetric octahydroselenoxanthene, SP-1 containing 24% selenium.

Selenopyran recommended for use by the Department of Livestock and Breeding [3], patents methods for growing birds using selenopyran RU 2004158, 2038807, 2050793 are protected by patents.

The lack of protein and amino acids in feed dramatically reduces the productivity of animals, the quality and usefulness of the properties of meat and milk, and also causes excessive consumption of carbohydrate feed. Introduction to the diet of the biologically active additives "Alexandrina" eliminates these disadvantages [4]. Supplements are characterized by a high content of nitrogen compounds, which is very important for the regulation of metabolic processes in animals. The amount of nitrogenous substances in it is more than 70%. A number of studies have found that selenium actively interacts with proteins, up to 100 selenium-containing proteins exist. In this regard, the balancing supplement containing Selenopyran and dietary supplement Aleksandrina is a highly effective biocorrector, immunomodulator and biostimulator. It contains in a natural and optimal balanced ratio essential and non-essential amino acids, vital vitamins and a complete complex of mineral elements that are required daily by the animal body.

Example 1

Studies on the effect of the proposed balancing feed additive in the diet of lactating cows on their productivity and the quality of milk produced were carried out on the basis of the Luch breeding farm for breeding black-motley cattle of the Gorodishchensky district of the Volgograd region. To conduct the experiment, a control group and an experimental group of 10 cows of each breed were formed according to the type of analogues of 2 groups of black and white cows. The level of feeding and conditions of the experimental cows corresponded to the technology of dairy cattle breeding used in the farm. According to the composition and amount of hay, haylage, silage, the diets of the cows of the experimental groups were similar.

The cows of the experimental group were introduced into the composition of the feed a balancing supplement including Selenopyran in the amount of 0.3 mg per 1 kg of feed and the biologically active supplement Alexandrina in the amount of 5 g per kg of live weight. Milk productivity is associated with digestibility of nutrients. Table 1 shows the digestibility ratios of nutrients in diets.

Table 1. The digestibility ratios of nutrients rations,% Group Indicator control experienced Dry matter 63.1 67.9 Organic matter 63.8 69.7 Crude protein 61.6 64.7 Crude fat 63,4 66.9 Crude fiber 56.9 64.9 Bev 67.6 73.1

From table 1 it is seen that the highest digestibility ratios of nutrients were in cows of the experimental group.

Observations of experimental animals showed that the use of a balancing supplement in feeding for 150 days allowed to increase productivity and improve the quality of milk.

Table 2. Indicators of milk productivity and milk quality of experimental cows Group Indicator Units rev. control experienced Milk yield per day kg 14.3 17,2 Fat % 3.69 3.87 Protein % 3.12 3.31 including casein % 2.67 2.83 Sugar % 4.72 4.79 Dry matter % 12.28 12.73 SOMO % 8.59 8.86 Ash % 0.75 0.76 Density g / cm ³ 1,030 1,033 Titratable acidity ° T 17.26 17.45 Rennet coagulation min 39,123 31.61 Selenium content mg / kg 0.024 0,040

From table 2 it can be seen that the use of a balancing additive in feeding for 150 days contributed to an increase in milk yield and an improvement in its quality.

Example 2. Studies on the effect of the proposed feed balancing additives in the diet of bulls for fattening were carried out on the basis of the breeding farm for breeding Kazakh white-headed cattle "Red October" Pallasov district of the Volgograd region.

According to the method of pair-analogues, two groups of gobies were formed: control and experimental, 15 goals each.

Animals were on average 10 months old. Fattening was performed until the animals reached the age of 15 months. Both groups received the main diet, in addition, the experimental group of gobies in addition to the diet received a balancing feed supplement containing selenopyran and dietary supplement "Alexandrina" in the amount of 0.3 mg per 1 kg of feed and 5 g per kg of live weight, respectively, for 3 months. Data on meat productivity and meat quality are presented in tables 3 and 4.

Table 3. The results of the control slaughter of experimental bulls at the age of 15 months Group Indicators control experienced Slaughter mass, kg 398.63 423.53 Carcass weight, kg 219.64 238.02 Mascara yield,% 55.10 56,20 The mass of internal fat, kg 10.85 12.38 Slaughter weight, kg 230.49 250.40 Slaughter yield,% 57.82 59.12 Table 4. The chemical composition and biological value of meat Group Indicators control experienced Average carcass pulp sample Moisture% 68.56 67.53 Dry matter% 31.44 32,47 including fat 12.48 12.81 protein 18.09 18.74 ash 0.87 0.92 Synthesized Protein in Carcass Pulp 31.9 36.48 Synthesized fat in carcass pulp 22.01 24.94 tryptophan, mg. % 364.8 378.1 hydroxyproline, mg. % 126.5 115.6 BKP 2.88 3.27 The content of selenium, mcg / kg 214.1 259.2 The longest back muscle Moisture% 76.79 75,2 Dry matter% 23.21 24.42 including fat 1,59 1.68 protein 20.69 21.84 ash 0.93 0.90 tryptophan, mg. % 419.6 439.5 hydroxyproline, mg. % 69.3 66,2 BKP 6.05 0.64 The content of selenium, mcg / kg 214.1 259.2

The results obtained allow us to conclude.

Feeding experimental bull calves a balancing feed supplement, including selenopyran and dietary supplement "Alexandrina" contributed to the improvement of bioconversion of protein and energy of feed into products, contributed to the improvement of meat productivity and the qualitative composition of the flesh of calves (reflected in the effect of the applied dressing on the nature of the deposition of adipose tissue in the body of gobies and its quality indicators, BKP - protein-quality indicator is higher in the experimental group).

Example 3

Studies on the effect of the proposed feed balancing additive on increasing productivity and improving the quality indicators of meat (lamb) of sheep of specialized wool and meat breeds (Caucasian) were conducted on the basis of the Privolny breeding farm. For the experiment, 2 groups of rams were formed at the age of 4 months, 20 animals each. The animals of the control group were fed a general diet, the experimental one was fed a general diet with the addition of selenopyran in the amount of 0.3 mg per 1 kg of food and dietary supplement "Alexandrina" 5 g per kg of live weight. The experiment lasted 240 days. Observations of animals showed that the use of a balancing supplement in sheep’s feeding increased their productivity and improved meat quality. Data on the productivity and quality of meat after removal from the experiment is summarized in tables 5 and 6.

An analysis of the chemical composition of the meat showed that in the rams of the experimental group, the protein content was higher in comparison with the peers of the control group by 0.8%, more fat was contained in the meat of the rams of the experimental group (Table 6).

On the whole, 1.83 kg of fat and 3.08 kg of protein were synthesized in 1 carcass of the experimental group of rams, which is 0.78 and 0.75 kg more than that of peers in the control group.

Table 5. The results of the control slaughter and the morphological composition of the carcasses of experimental rams Group Indicator control experimental OR + "Selenopyran" + dietary supplement "Alexandrina" Slaughter mass, kg 44.12 51.94 Weight of fresh carcass, kg 18.62 22.54 Mascara yield,% 42.21 43,4 Mass of internal fat, kg 1.90 2,31 The output of internal fat,% 4.3 4.4 Slaughter weight, kg 20.52 24.85 Slaughter yield,% 46.5 47.8 Weight of chilled carcass, kg 18.14 ± 0.37 22.18 ± 0.49 Pulp, kg 13.86 ± 0.29 17.50 ± 0.32 The yield of pulp,% 76,4 78.9 Bones, kg 4.28 ± 0.17 4.68 ± 0.12 The yield of bones,% 23.6 21.1 Meat ratio 3.24 ± 0.03 3.74 ± 0.03 The area of the muscle of the eye, cm ² 16.1 ± 0.87 17.5 ± 1.08 Table 6. The chemical composition and biological value of ram meat,% Group Indicator control experimental OR + "Selenopyran" + dietary supplement "Alexandrina" Dry matter 40.3 41,4 Fat 21.9 22.3 Protein 16.8 17.6 Ash 1,5 1.7 Calorie meat, MJ 11.58 11.51 Synthesized in the carcass of 1 ram, kg: dry matter 5.59 7.21 fat 3.05 3.83 squirrel 2,33 3.08 selenium mg / kg 0.281 0.318

Information sources

1. RU No. 2222965, A 23 K 1/16.

2. DAFS-25. Instructions for use. Instruction for use No. 13-5-2 / 668. Approved by the Vetfarmbiosoviet of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Russian Federation. Reg. No. TAC 2.04.0185-96.

3. Temporary instruction on the use of Selenopyran for animal husbandry in the order of wide industrial nutrition in 1997-1999. Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Russia. Department of Livestock and Breeding. 1997 year

4. Kudryasheva A.A. The use of biologically active additives "Alexandrina" in animal husbandry. - Storage and processing of agricultural raw materials. 1997, No. 3, p. 41.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding farm animals by feeding animals with a diet containing a balancing feed additive, including the selenium-containing preparation Selenopyran in the amount of 0.3 mg per 1 kg of feed and the dietary supplement "Alexandrina" in the amount of 5 g per kg of live weight.