RU2286676C1 - Method for feeding of livestock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: feed processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: claimed method includes addition of zeolite supplement enriched with selenium preparation in animal feed in amount of: zeolite: 0.15-0.25 g per 1 kg of animal mass and selenium preparation: 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed for ruminants; and zeolite: 1,5-3,0 % based on 1 kg of dry feed and selenium preparation: 1,6 mg per 1 kg of feed for pigs.

EFFECT: increased animal productivity; production of improved quality.

6 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to livestock and can be used for feeding ruminants, pigs, bulls and rams.

In solving problems of increasing the efficiency of feed use, livestock productivity, biologically active substances, various additives of industrial production, as well as natural sorbents, ion exchangers - zeolites play an important role.

Widespread development of the use in agriculture of zeolites. The unique properties of these minerals, their absorption capacity and molecular sieve effect, and in addition to their low cost and harmlessness to health, have led to their widespread use in various sectors of agriculture.

Known use as a feed additive of natural zeolites for cattle, for small cattle, for pigs [1].

The disadvantage of a feed additive - zeolite is the imbalance of this additive in relation to the trace element selenium, which is vital for maintaining proper metabolism. Selenium supplements contribute not only to the normalization of metabolic processes, but also are biostimulants.

As an irreplaceable, biologically active trace element, selenium is very effective in treating more than 20 diseases in 19 animal species. Especially because of the deficiency of selenium, animals that are characterized by high growth and development intensity are affected - these are farm animals. The main cause of these diseases is the low selenium content in feed.

To eliminate this drawback, selenium is introduced into the feed in the form of selenium-containing preparations.

The technical result is an increase in the productivity of farm animals and the quality of livestock products.

This is achieved by feeding farm animals a diet containing zeolite enriched with selenium in the form of DAFS-25 in quantities for ruminants:

zeolite - 0.15-0.25 g per kg of live weight;

DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed;

for pigs:

zeolite - 1.5-3.0% by weight of dry feed;

DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed.

DAFS-25 - an organic substance - diacetofelonyl selenide, manufactured in accordance with TU 9337-001-26880895-96, approved by the Vetfarm-biosoviet of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Russian Federation. Reg. No. ППР 2.04.0185-96.

DAFS-25 contains 25% selenium. When DAFS-25 is added to the zeolite, we obtain a feed additive that is highly digestible due to the properties of the zeolite described above.

One of the most convenient ways of feeding a zeolite supplement enriched with selenium to all types of animals is to enter it into the diet directly on the farm. The estimated amount of zeolite is pre-mixed with the calculated amount of DAFS-25, and then mixed with animal feed until a homogeneous mass is obtained.

The feeding method has been tested on goats in order to increase milk yield and milk quality, on pigs in order to increase the productivity and quality of meat, on bulls and rams in order to improve the quality of sperm production.

Example 1

Studies on the proposed method were carried out in a peasant farm engaged in the cultivation of dairy goats. According to the method of pairs - analogues, 2 groups of lactating animals were formed: I - control and II - experimental 10 animals each. The animals of the control group received a general diet, the experimental - OXR with the addition of zeolite in the amount of 0.2 g per kg of live weight and DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed. The experiment lasted for 3 months. Monthly milk samples were taken to determine its quality. The averaged data are presented in table 1.

Table 1
The chemical composition of milk Group Daily
milk yield, kg Indicators fat% total protein,% casein,% lactose,% ash,% dry matter,% Control 2,58 5.05 3.64 2.86 4,58 0,900 14.76 Experienced 2.94 6.45 4.18 3.21 4.88 0.961 17.21

The data obtained as a result of the experiment show that the inclusion in the diet of dairy goats of zeolite enriched with selenium in the form of a selenium-containing preparation DAFS-25 leads to increased productivity, improved milk quality by increasing the content of the main components - fat and total protein, as well as casein, lactose, ash and solids.

Example 2

Studies on the effect of zeolite enriched with selenium supplements were carried out on a stock of large white pigs of the Krasnodonsky type in the conditions of production complex No. 5 of the KHK ZAO Krasnodonskoye.

To conduct scientific and economic experience, 2 groups of piglets of 25 animals each were selected.

The diets were compiled in accordance with the norms of feeding and revised as the live weight of the experimental animals increased. The gilts of the control group were fed with factory-made feed, the gilts of the experimental group were fed with factory-made feed with the addition of zeolite in the amount of 3% of the feed and 1.6 mg DAFS-25 per 1 kg of feed.

The experiment was carried out for 3 months. The results of the control slaughter of gilts when reaching a live weight of 100 kg showed an increase in slaughter yield in gilts of the experimental group by 2.4%, the meat yield in the carcass of the experimental group is also more by 3.1%.

Determination of the chemical composition showed an improvement in the quality of the meat of the gilts of the experimental group.

The research results are summarized in table 2.

table 2
The effect of zeolite-containing dressing on the productivity of gilts and product quality Indicators Group control experienced The average daily gain, g 554 588 Slaughter yield, kg 72 73.7 The output of meat in the carcass,% 58.5 61.6 Content: dry matter in meat,% 48,4 50.3 protein% 14.6 14.8 BKP 10.34 11.17 Selenium, mcg / kg 214.5 362.5

Example 3

Research on the proposed method was carried out on manufacturing bulls in the breeding them. Paris Commune of the Staropoltavsky District of the Volgograd Region. By the type of analogues, 2 groups of bulls of the Aberdeen-Angus breed were formed. The manufacturing bulls of the control group were fed a diet, the manufacturing bulls of the experimental group were fed a general diet with the addition of zeolite in an amount of 0.2 g per kg of live weight and DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed.

The duration of the experiment is 6 months. The quality of the obtained sperm production is shown in tables 3 and 4.

Table 3
Qualitative indicators of sperm production of experimental bulls Indicators Group control experienced Number of bulls 10 10 The volume of ejaculate, ml 5.39 5.48 Sperm concentration, billion / ml 0.98 1,04 The concentration of sperm in the ejaculate, billion / ml 5.28 5.70 Sperm survival at t 46.5 ° C, min 48.14 52.60 Sperm activity, score 7.24 7.70 Table 4
Fertilizing ability of semen from experimental bulls after the first insemination Indicators Group control experienced Inseminated upskirt, goal. 35 35 Fertilized after I insemination, goal. twenty 22 Fertilizing ability,% 57.14 62.86 Inseminated cows, goal. 119 104 Fertilized after I insemination, goal. 62 58 Fertilizing ability,% 52.10 55.77

The analysis showed that in the bulls of the experimental group at the end of the period of feeding the diet with the addition, the volume of ejaculate increased by 0.09 ml, the concentration of sperm - by 0.06 billion / ml. In terms of assessing sperm activity, superiority was found in the experimental group of bulls at 0.46 points. Table 4 also shows the advantage of the quality of the semen of the bulls of the experimental group on fertilization ability on heifers and cows. This allows us to conclude that the proposed additive in the diet has a positive effect on improving the quality of sperm production of experimental bulls.

Example 4

Research on the proposed method was carried out on sheep-producers based on the breeding farm ″ Privolny ″. To conduct an experiment on the type of analogues, 2 groups of Caucasian sheep-producing sheep were formed. The ram-producers of the control group were fed a general diet, the ram-producers of the experimental group were fed a general diet with the addition of zeolite in the amount of 0.2 g per kg of live weight and DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed.

The duration of the experiment is 6 months. The quality of the obtained sperm products is given in tables 5 and 6.

Table 5
Qualitative indicators of sperm production of experimental rams Indicators Group control experienced one 2 3 Number of ram producers fifteen fifteen one 2 3 The volume of ejaculate, ml 1.21 1.38 Sperm concentration, billion / ml 2.29 2.78 The number of sperm in the ejaculate, billion 2.77 3.84 Sperm survival at 146.5 ° C, min 52.84 65.37 Sperm motility in the ejaculate, score 8.32 8.64

Table 6
Fertilizing ability of sperm of experimental rams Indicators Group control experienced qty % qty % Inseminated uterus, goal. 63 one hundred 71 one hundred Fertilized after the first insemination, goal. 49 77.8 62 87.3 Fertilized after the second insemination, goal. 10 15.9 6 8.5 Remained Sap four 6.3 3 4.2

The analysis showed that at the end of feeding the ration with supplemented sheep, the ram producers of the experimental group increased the volume of ejaculate by 0.17 ml, the concentration of sperm by 0.49 billion / ml. In terms of sperm activity assessment, superiority was established in the experimental group of rams by 0.32 points. Table 6 shows the advantage of the quality of the sperm of the rams of the experimental group in terms of fertilizing ability on ewes.

The test results presented confirm the positive effect of introducing zeolite-containing additives in the diet on increasing the productivity of animals and improving the quality of the products received from them.

Information sources

1. Temporary instruction on the use of natural zeolites in the feeding of farm animals and birds. - Gosagroprom of the USSR, 1989.

Claims (1)

The method of feeding farm animals by feeding animals a diet containing zeolite, characterized in that the zeolite is enriched with selenium in the form of DAFS-25 in the amount of: for ruminants - zeolite - 0.15-0.25 g per 1 kg of live weight; DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed; for pigs - zeolite - 1.5-3.0% by weight of dry feed; DAFS-25 - 1.6 mg per 1 kg of feed.