RU2579243C1 - Agent for preventing and treating mineral insufficiency in lambs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to veterinary medicine, particularly to an agent for preventing mineral insufficiency in lambs. Agent contains a premix P 80-1-25 wt%, pine needles - 70 wt%, table salt - 1 wt%, zeolite - 4 wt%. Said agent is recommended to be introduced into diet of lambs in a dose of 0.2 g/kg of body weight a day. AND

EFFECT: use of invention will improve metabolic processes in animals.

1 cl, 3 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, and in particular to means for preventing mineral deficiency in lambs.

The problem of mineral metabolic disorders today is one of the most acute problems of sheep farming. Diseases caused by metabolic disorders (goiter, osteodystrophy, white muscle disease, lizuha, level disease, nooar disease, etc.) in the body of sheep cause great economic damage to sheep farms due to a decrease in meat wool productivity, the birth of a physiologically immature offspring and its high incidence, decreased product quality, growth rate and increased feed consumption per unit of output.

The intensification of the work of sheep breeding includes the maximum use of productive qualities. One of the problems in the existing conditions, namely in the biogeochemical zone with a deficiency of elements in the soil and the botanical composition of mineral elements (calcium, magnesium, cobalt, copper, selenium iodine), is the elimination of a mineral deficiency in lambs.

In this regard, the search for more effective and cost-effective mineral supplements, physiological and biochemical studies is ongoing to determine the characteristics of the exchange of macro- and microelements.

In modern conditions of sheep breeding, metabolic diseases have a number of features. Irreversible structural changes in the body do not develop immediately; they are preceded by a more or less prolonged period of a pre-painful state, characterized by functional deviations from the norm. Changes that occur during this period are subtle, are of the nature of quantitative shifts that can subsequently turn into a disease [1, 2].

The problem of mineral metabolic disorders in lambs is one of the most acute in modern sheep husbandry in many countries.

Promising in this regard may be the development of multicomponent products containing in their composition substances that affect the mineral metabolism in lambs.

Known means for balancing the nutrition of lambs - premix P 80-1, which contains vitamins: A, D, E; micro and macro elements: Ca, P, S, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, I; filler, thus allowing, in part, to balance rations for vitamins, micro, macrocells.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the lack of necessary macro- and microelements such as sodium, silicon, selenium, etc., which negatively affects the health and productivity of lambs.

In addition, this feed is poor in vegetable fats, proteins, carbohydrates, as well as biologically active substances.

The purpose of the invention is the development of tools for the prevention and treatment of mineral deficiency in lambs.

A qualitative composition provides an improvement in metabolic processes in the animal’s body and an increase in productivity, and a quantitative composition ensures an optimal level of exposure, which indicates compliance with the criteria of “novelty” and “inventive step”.

From table 2 it is seen that the needles contain more non-extractives and crude ash. It contains 12 trace elements of great importance to the animal organism. The needles also contain volatile products - antibiotics of plant origin, by virtue of which it has antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects. It has been established that the needles are well absorbed by the animal organism and do not cause digestive upsets.

Salt contains 30% sodium and 57% chlorine, is a vital compound [3, 4].

Zeivol of Shivyrtuy origin contains: Ca - 36 mg / cm ³ , Mg - 3.5 mg / cm ³ , K - 5.4 mg / cm ³ , Fe - 1.7 mg / cm ³ , sulfur sulfate - 117.6 mg / cm ³ . The positive effect of natural zeolite on the body of animals is based on high sorption and ion-exchange properties.

Passing through the intestines, the proposed components of the product remove excess fluid, harmful gases, toxins, heavy metals, radionuclides, slow down the passage of food feed in the digestive organs of animals, thereby contributing to the absorption of nutrients in the feed and stimulate the digestive tract of animals. They activate the motor-secretory activity of the intestine, contribute to the strengthening of redox processes, stimulate the cardiovascular system and the respiratory center, prevent the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the stomach and intestines, and prevent some digestive disorders.

This goal is achieved by using a product containing premix P 80-1, pine needles, common salt and zeolite in the following ratio, wt.%:

The tool for the prevention of mineral deficiency in lambs is made as follows. Pine needles are additionally crushed (grain size should not exceed 3.5 ± 0.5 mm) and mixed with premix P 80-1, sodium chloride and zeolite

Then the product is dried at a temperature of 40-45 ° C with obligatory convection and mixing, to a total humidity of not more than 10-12%.

The finished mixture should have a friable consistency.

The safety and environmental safety of the claimed funds were studied in accordance with the requirements approved by the Veterinary Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and guidelines for determining the toxic properties of drugs used in veterinary medicine, and refers to GOST 12.1.007 - 76 to the 4th hazard class (medium lethal dose LD ₅₀ due to low toxicity it is not possible to determine).

The claimed tool when used does not cause complications and has no contraindications; slaughter for meat is carried out without restrictions associated with its use.

Specific Impact Examples

Example 1. The use of composition No. 1, funds for the prevention of treatment of mineral deficiency in lambs

In terms of the ACF “them. Lenin ”of the Mogoytuysky district of the Transbaikal Territory 4 (four) experimental groups were formed (with impaired mineral metabolism) from lambs born in 2014 (n = 10). According to our observations, a sick state is noted in lambs, a decrease in appetite, increased intestinal motility, and frequent bowel movements. The stools are initially liquid, yellow or green, then become thick, black, with an admixture of blood, gas bubbles and mucus. Animals are pushing, the spine is arched, the stomach is pulled in, the hair is disheveled. Sick lambs become stale, refuse to suck milk, pulse and breathing are quickened. The experimental lambs were treated with the drug at a dose of 5 g per head.

The control lambs were given the premix P 80-1 according to the manual. A single dose of premix P 80 - 1, 0.3 g / kg of body weight.

The following indicators were taken into account: the duration of the disease, the nature of its course during the treatment period, the frequency of administration of the drug, the outcome of the disease, the effect on the hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood of lambs with impaired mineral metabolism.

A single dose of 0.2 g / kg of body weight. The therapeutic effectiveness of the drug was 100%.

In the control group, two lamb fell, the rest recovered in a period of 1 to 2 weeks. The therapeutic efficacy of the agent for the prevention and treatment of mineral deficiency in the control group was 96%.

Composition No. 1: premix P 80-1, pine needles, common salt and zeolite in the following ratio, wt.%:

Example 2. The use of composition No. 2 funds for the prevention of treatment of mineral deficiency in lambs

The design of the experiment was similar to that in the first experiment. The duration of the disease in the lambs of the experimental group ranged from 1 to 2 weeks, the treatment efficiency was 100%, and in the control lambs, respectively, from 1 to 2 weeks and 96%.

Composition No. 2: premix P 80-1, pine needles, common salt and zeolite in the following ratio, wt.%:

Example 3. The use of composition No. 3 funds for the prevention of treatment of mineral deficiency in lambs

The experiment was carried out according to the same methodology as in previous experiments. The duration of the disease in the lambs of the experimental group was from 1 to 2 weeks, the treatment efficiency was 100%, in the control lambs, respectively, from 1 to 2 weeks and 96%.

Thus, the experiments showed high efficacy of the drug in different ratios of the main ingredients for mineral deficiency in lambs.

In all experiments, all the lambs that were treated with the drug recovered. Slight differences in results depended on the ratio of ingredients to agent. The lambs recovered in 1 to 2 weeks. The treatment efficiency was 100% in all experiments.

Composition No. 3: premix P 80-1, pine needles, common salt and zeolite in the following ratio, wt.%:

Composition No. 2 of the proposed product was better eaten by lambs than compositions No. 1 and 3. Therefore, we selected composition No. 2 of the agent for the prevention and treatment of mineral deficiency in lambs.

Example 4. The effect of drugs for prevention and treatment on hematological and biochemical blood parameters of lambs with mineral deficiency.

In lambs, 7 days and 14 days after use, blood samples were taken for studies on a PCE 90 Vet automatic hematology analyzer (USA) and a Stat fax 1904 Plus biochemical photometer (USA).

The lambs hemoglobin content before use was 118.4 ± 5.97 g / l, after 7 days (105.8 ± 4.28 g / l) and after 14 days (101.5 ± 2.56 g / l) its declining. The number of red blood cells in the blood of lambs before use is 11.4 ± 0.50 · 10 ¹² / l, a week after application - 10.3 ± 0.75 10 ¹² / l, in the second week the decrease is significant (7.8 ± 0.48 · 10 ¹² / l; P <0.01).

An increased level of hemoglobin (hyperchromemia) and a concentration of red blood cells (erythrocytosis) in the acute stage of the disease is observed due to the loss of water by the body. A positive change in these indicators after the use of drugs indicates the normalization of water-salt metabolism.

The number of leukocytes was 14.8 ± 1.03 · 10 ⁹ / l (reactive leukocytosis), after 7 days (13.3 ± 0.88 · 10 ⁹ / l) and 14 days, their concentration significantly decreased (9.3 ± 1 , 06 · 10 ⁹ / l; P <0.05). The proportion of segmented neutrophils changes in the opposite direction. If before application it was equal to 18.0 ± 3.30%, after 7 days - 19.5 ± 2.91%, and after 14 days it significantly increased to normal (35.0 ± 2.64%; P <0.01 ) A significant decrease in the number of agranulocytes is observed. These changes are most noticeable in terms of lymphocyte concentration (from 79.3 ± 2.22 to 57.6 ± 2.05%, P <0.01). The number of monocytes before use was insignificant (2.5 ± 0.57%), after 7 days their number significantly increased (14.1 ± 2.84; P <0.01), and after 14 days it decreased (7.6 ± 1.87).

Among the biochemical parameters of blood, the concentration of protein and glucose is one of the objective criteria that characterize the level of metabolism and the functional state of the body in normal and altered conditions of its existence. In violation of protein metabolism, the immune system is not able to provide effective protection against potentially pathogenic agents.

The amount of total serum protein of lambs before application was 55.3 ± 2.37 g / l, a week after application it increased to 61.4 ± 2.22 g / l, and in the second week this indicator was 74.1 ± 2 , 93 g / l (P <0.01), with a norm of 60 - 75 g / l. As a result, an increase in protein metabolism in the body is noted by an increase in the level of albumin in the blood of lambs, there is an increase in the content of creatinine (P <0.01), the final product of nitrogen metabolism (an important component of residual nitrogen), and a significant decrease in the amount of substances resulting from the digestion of protein-containing products - urea (P <0.05) and uric acid (P <0.05).

In the body of lambs, a normalization of carbohydrate metabolism is observed. The glucose level in the blood of lambs before use is 2.1 ± 0.17 mm / L, after 7 days - 2.9 ± 0.23 mm / L (P <0.001), and after 14 days it significantly increases outside the normal range (4, 1 ± 0.46 mm / l; P <0.05). Triglycerides are the main form of fatty acid accumulation and the main source of energy. A significant decrease in the level of triglycerides indicates their use by the body of lambs as energy, plastic, formative components.

Bilirubin is an important indicator of the functional state of the liver. Lambs show a high content of total - 3.2 ± 1.32 g / l and direct - 14.2 ± 0.87 g / l of bilirubin. After application, these indicators are 22.7 ± 5.94 g / l (P <0.05) and 9.3 ± 1.53 g / l (P <0.05), respectively, and after 14 days there is a significant decrease in the amount total (2.3 ± 0.19 g / l; P <0.01) and direct bilirubin (1.9 ± 0.69 g / l; P <0.001).

The analysis of statistical material indicates a violation of the processes of blood formation, metabolism, dehydration of the body, asynchrony in the activity of the cellular and humoral parts of the natural resistance of the body of lambs.

However, under the influence of the drug, we noted positive changes in these blood parameters of lambs.

Information sources

1. Garmaev B.Ts. Prevention of selenium deficiency in animals in the Transbaikal Territory / B.Ts. Garmaev, B.N. Gomboev // Chita: In the collection: Actual issues of veterinary medicine of Siberia, 2013. - P. 23-24.

2. Samokhin V.T. Prevention of metabolic disorders in microelements in animals (Edition 2 add.) / B.T. Samokhin // - Voronezh: Voronezh State University, 2003. - 136 p.

3. Norms and rations for feeding farm animals. Reference manual. 3rd ed., Revised. and add. / Ed. A.P. Kalashnikova, V.I. Fisinina, V.V. Scheglova, V.N. Kleimenova // - M., 2003 .-- 456 p.

4. Petrukhin I.V. Feed and feed additives. / I.V. Petrukhin // - M .: Rosagropromizdat, 1989. - 526 p.

Claims (1)

The tool for the prevention of mineral deficiency in lambs contains the following components, wt.%:
Premix P 80-1 25 Pine needles 70 Common salt one Zeolite four
at the same time, it is recommended to introduce the drug into the diet of lambs at a dose of 0.2 g / kg live weight per day.