RU2798875C1 - Method for adaptation processes correction increasing milk producing ability and improving milk quality in holstein cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine; livestock breeding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary medicine and livestock breeding, specifically to a method for correction of pathological conditions, and can be used for correction of pathochemical processes in the body of lactating cows during development of energy-deficient states and stress of metabolic processes. The method consists of feeding boluses including propolis and rye flour as a former base in addition to the basal ration by mixing with the feed mixture for 35 days. Add apples and carrots to the boluses with the following content of all components: propolis 5 g, apple 30 g, carrot 30 g. Boluses are administered in the amount of three pieces per head.

EFFECT: use of invention will increase the growth of milk productivity of Holstein cows.

1 cl, 6 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and can be used as a biologically active feed additive to correct adaptation processes, increase milk productivity and improve milk quality in Holstein cows in an industrial complex.

One of the main conditions for the optimal course of adaptation processes in cows kept in stressful conditions of an industrial complex is to obtain the optimal amount of mineral elements, vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids from hay, concentrated and voluminous feed, which contribute to a better development of the digestive system and are energy and plastic sources.

A known method of correcting stress-induced disorders in the process of adaptation, increasing milk production and improving the quality of milk of Holstein cows (Yarovan N.I., Ivleva N.A., Matserushka A.R. Effect of propolis-based products on milk productivity, milk quality and stress-induced disorders of adaptive processes in Holstein cows // Bulletin of Agrarian Science No. 2 (95), 2022. P 71.) [1]. In the known method, a propolis-based bolus was used. The preparation of a bolus of adaptive antioxidant action was carried out as follows: to obtain an aqueous extract, 20 g of propolis was taken, heated with 100 ml of distilled water for 6 hours at a temperature of 60°C, and rye flour was used as a shaping base. The biological supplement was given to the animals in the form of a 30 gram bolus, which allows for more accurate dosing of the constituent parts and the use of boluses all the time with a fresh base, which guarantees a faster release of the active substance in the digestive tract. The course of taking adaptive boluses was 35 days - one bolus per day in the morning hours of intake with food.

The disadvantages of this tool include a relatively low content of vitamin C, β-carotene and organic acids, which increase the biological activity of the chemical components of propolis, which undoubtedly contributes to the activation of adaptive mechanisms. According to some authors, it is vitamin C, β-carotene and organic acids that contribute to the preservation of a number of vitamins and increase their activity. In addition, vitamin C and β-carotene have prooxidant (vitamin C) and antioxidant (β-carotene) activity, which is very important in correcting stress-induced metabolic disorders, which are primarily manifested by a decrease in antioxidant protection.

The objective of the proposed method is to correct adaptation processes, increase milk productivity and improve the quality of milk in Holstein cows in an industrial complex using a composition containing, unlike the prototype, not only phenolic compounds, flavonoids, vitamins B, A, E, but also vitamin C , P-carotene and organic acids, which have pro- and antioxidant properties and increase the safety and activity of vitamins.

The technical result of the proposed method is to achieve reference values (or approach them) for a number of metabolic blood parameters in highly productive Holstein cows under stressful conditions of an industrial complex, which helps to reduce the negative impact of stress on the animal's body and restore their adaptive processes.

The set technical result and the task are achieved by the fact that in the method of correcting adaptation processes, increasing milk productivity and improving the quality of milk in Holstein cows, which consists in feeding in addition to the main diet by mixing with the feed mixture for 35 days boluses, including propolis and rye flour as a formative base, according to the invention, apple and carrot are added to the boluses with the following content of all components: propolis 5 g, apple 30 g, carrot 30 g, while the boluses are administered in the amount of three pieces per head.

The content of vitamins and organic acids in 100 g of each bolus component is presented in tables 1, 2 and 3.

A method for correcting adaptation processes in Holstein cows in an industrial complex consists in feeding, in addition to the main diet, a bolus in the form of a mixture in the following composition: propolis 5 g, apple 30 g, carrot 30 g, rye flour as a formative base, for 35 days in the amount of three boluses per head.

Production tests of a bolus based on propolis were carried out in the winter stall period of 2020-2021 on the basis of the open joint-stock company of the agro-industrial complex Yunost, Oryol region, Oryol district.

The object of research was highly productive Holstein cows of the second lactation. The experiment was carried out on two groups of animals, 15 heads each, selected on the principle of pairs of analogues, taking into account age, live weight and physiological state.

All animals received the standard basal diet of the farm. The cows of the control group received the basic diet (RR). Animals of the first experimental group (prototype) in addition to the main diet received a bolus (propolis 20 g and rye flour as a formative base), which is used by mixing with the feed mixture for 35 days in the amount of 1 bolus per head. In addition to the main diet, the animals of the second experimental group were given boluses (propolis 5 g, apple 30 g and carrot 30 g, rye flour as a forming base), which are used by mixing with the feed mixture for 35 days in the amount of three boluses per head.

The diets of the experimental animals were compiled taking into account the nutritional value of the feed and changed periodically during the study. In general, the rations were balanced for the main nutrients in accordance with the detailed feeding norms (A.P. Kalashnikov et al., 2003).

Live assessment of adaptation processes was carried out according to the oxidant-antioxidant indicators of blood serum of cows (Table 4), average daily milk yield (Table 5) and improving the quality of milk (Table 6).

Malonic dialdehyde (MDA) was considered as an indicator of the level of free radical oxidation. During the whole experiment, in the cows of the control group, the level of free radical oxidation in terms of the level of MDA remained relatively high, while in the cows of the experimental groups, a significant decrease in the level of MDA was observed. At the same time, in the second experimental group of cows that received, in addition to the main diet, the proposed boluses based on propolis, apple and carrot, the decrease in the level of MDA was more significant relative to the first experimental group (prototype) and the difference was 0.7 μmol/l.

Along with a decrease in the level of free radical oxidation in both experimental groups, an increase in milk productivity was observed in terms of average daily milk yield (Table 5).

However, the increase in average daily milk yield in the second experimental group was higher than in cows of the first experimental group (prototype) by 570 g.

Also, in cows of the first experimental group receiving boluses based on propolis (prototype), milk fat increased by 0.11%, and in cows of the second experimental group (boluses based on propolis, apple and carrot) by 0.26% relative to the control group.

The increase in milk protein in the first experimental group increased by 0.1%, and in the second experimental group by 0.2% relative to the control group.

Thus, the use of boluses based on propolis, apple and carrot leads to a significant increase in milk productivity, milk protein and fat content relative to the first experimental group, which is confirmed by an increase in the average daily milk yield by 570 g by the end of the experiment and an increase in milk quality, due to an increase in milk protein by 0. 1% and milk fat content by 0.15%.

Claims (6)

A method for correcting adaptation processes, increasing milk productivity and improving the quality of milk in Holstein cows, characterized in that in the process of feeding cows, in addition to the main diet, by mixing with the feed mixture, boluses are administered for 35 days, including propolis and rye flour as a shaping base, at the same time, apple and carrots are added to the boluses with the following content of all components: propolis 5 g, apple 30 g, carrots 30 g, rye flour as a shaping base, moreover, boluses are administered in the amount of three pieces per head.