RU2270556C2 - Method for growing of fruit crop seedlings on clone rootstocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, fruit growing.

SUBSTANCE: method involves planting rootstock cuttings in first field of nursery and providing inoculation thereof; planting seedlings in mother cutting garden in horizontal position; grafting clone rootstock cuttings by applying to suckers developed on mother cutting trees so that lower part of 5-10 cm long cutting is within soil.

EFFECT: increased yield of seedlings on clone rootstocks per unit of nursery area, reduced time for producing of branched standard seedlings, and reduced labor intensity.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of agricultural and can be used in fruit growing.

Known methods for producing seedlings of fruit crops, involving the cultivation of clonal stocks with vertical, horizontal layers and their subsequent budding / see Nursery of fruit and berry crops. A.N. Tatarinov, V.F. Zuev 1984 /.

However, the yield of rooted layering is 30-50 thousand / ha, which is not enough to lay 1 ha of the next nursery field. The development of lateral shoots on seedlings begins in the 3rd year after vaccination.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention relates to a method proposed by R.G. Tsabolov / 1966 /, which provides for budding in the mother liquor of clonal stocks. This method eliminates the need to have an oculant field. The disadvantages of this method include the high labor costs during budding, the inability to control budding of only rooted layers, the possibility of freezing of the roots of the layers, if they are left in the mother liquor for the winter, insufficient growth of the above-ground system in the first year after transplanting to growing / cm. Nursery of fruit and berry crops. A.N. Tatarinov, V.F. Zuev 1964 /.

The claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem: increasing the yield of seedlings on clonal stocks from a unit area of the nursery, reducing the time to obtain branched standard seedlings, reducing the complexity.

To solve these problems, scion plants are planted horizontally, lignified cuttings of a clonal stock are grafted onto the developed side shoots.

Example

The clonal stock 54-118 was planted according to the scheme 1.2 × 0.5 m. The 4-year-old mother plant gave 8 pieces. layering, or 130,000 with 1 ha, of which 40,000 are rooted.

Rooted cuttings were planted according to the 0.8 × 0.2 m pattern. For 40,000 cuttings, 0.64 ha of the first field of the nursery, 0.64 ha of the second, 0.64 ha of the third are necessary. Only 1.92 ha.

The uterine-cuttings garden was laid out according to the 4 × 2.5 m pattern; 50 cuttings, or 400 ocelli, were prepared from one uterine plant. For the budding of 40,000 rootstocks, 400 uterine plants or 0.4 ha are needed.

Okulirovanie was carried out according to standard methods. Beefrest eyes were used as a scion. Seedlings in the first year did not branch. The output from 0.64 ha of the 3rd field of the nursery was 16,000 pcs.

Total total area of the nursery is 3.52 hectares, the output from 1 hectare of the nursery is 4800.

In the experiment, a similar mother liquor of clone stocks was used. The uterine-cuttle garden was laid according to the scheme of 0.7 × 0.5 m. Seedlings in the uterine-cuttings garden were planted horizontally. Each seedling developed 8 shoots 26-46 cm long during the growing season. For 130,000 pcs. cuttings of clonal stocks required the area of the uterine-cuttings garden - 0.57 ha. Cuttings of clonal stocks were cut and grafted into the shoots that developed on the uterine-cuttings trees so that the bottom of the cuttings / 5-10 cm / was in the soil. Used cuttings 25-60 cm long. Differences in rooting and intergrowth of vaccinations were not noted. A total of 90% of vaccinations, or 117,000, have taken root and taken root. During the growing season, seedlings reached a height of 110 cm, formed 6.3 lateral shoots.

In the production of annual seedlings, the total area of the nursery is necessary - 1 hectare of clone stockstock +0.57 hectare uterine-cuttings garden. Total - 1.57 ha. The output from 1 ha of the nursery is 73242 pcs., Or 15 times more compared to the control. In the production of 2-year-old seedlings, annual seedlings were transplanted according to the 0.8 × 0.3 m pattern. For 117,000 annuals, an area of 2.8 ha is required. The survival rate of 95%. The yield of 2-year-old seedlings is 111150 pcs / ha. They need an area of 4.37 ha. The output from 1 ha of the nursery is 25434 units, or 5 times more compared to the control.

Claims (1)

A method of growing seedlings of fruit crops on clonal rootstocks, including planting rootstock cuttings in the first field of the nursery, their budding, characterized in that the seedlings in the uterine-cuttings garden are planted horizontally, then the cuttings of clonal rootstocks are grafted into the side shoots that have developed on the uterine-cuttings so that the bottom of the stem is 5-10 cm in the soil.