RU2019109451A - Улучшенная ловушка nох - Google Patents

Улучшенная ловушка nох Download PDF

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RU2019109451A
RU2019109451A RU2019109451A RU2019109451A RU2019109451A RU 2019109451 A RU2019109451 A RU 2019109451A RU 2019109451 A RU2019109451 A RU 2019109451A RU 2019109451 A RU2019109451 A RU 2019109451A RU 2019109451 A RU2019109451 A RU 2019109451A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
cerium
oxide
containing material
trap catalyst
trap
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RU2019109451A
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English (en)
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RU2019109451A3 (ru
RU2744310C2 (ru
Inventor
Гай Ричард ЧЭНДЛЕР
Пол Ричард ФИЛЛИПС
Стюарт Дэвид РИД
Вольфганг ШТРЕЛАУ
Дэниэл СУОЛЛОУ
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Джонсон Мэтти Паблик Лимитед Компани
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Publication of RU2019109451A3 publication Critical patent/RU2019109451A3/ru
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B01J23/464—Rhodium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
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Claims (27)

1. Катализатор-ловушка NОх, содержащая подложку, первый слой и второй слой, где первый слой содержит композицию ловушки NОх, содержащую один или несколько благородных металлов, компонент для сохранения NОх, первый носитель и первый церийсодержащий материал, где первый церийсодержащий материал предварительно выдерживают перед внедрением в первый слой; и
второй слой содержит родий, второй церийсодержащий материал и второй носитель, где второй церийсодержащий материал не выдерживают перед внедрением во второй слой.
2. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по п. 1, в которой первый церийсодержащий материал имеет площадь поверхности меньше чем 80 м2/г.
3. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по п. 1 или 2, в которой первый церийсодержащий материал имеет площадь поверхности 40-75 м2/г.
4. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой один или несколько благородных металлов выбирают из группы, состоящей из палладия, платины, золота, родия и их смесей.
5. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой компонент для сохранения NОх содержит щелочноземельный металл, щелочной металл, редкоземельный металл или их смеси.
6. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой компонент для сохранения NОх содержит барий, неодим, лантан или их смеси.
7. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой компонент для сохранения NОх содержит барий.
8. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой первый носитель выбирают из группы, состоящей из оксида алюминия, оксида кремния, оксида титана, оксида циркония, оксида магния, оксида ниобия, оксида тантала, оксида молибдена, оксида вольфрама и смешанного оксида или композитного оксида любых двух или более из них.
9. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой первый носитель представляет собой оксид магния-алюминия.
10. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой первый церийсодержащий материал выбирают из группы, состоящей из оксида церия, смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смешанного оксида церия-циркония-алюминия.
11. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой второй церийсодержащий материал имеет площадь поверхность больше чем 80 м2/г.
12. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой второй церийсодержащий материал выбирают из группы, состоящей из оксида церия, смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смешанного оксида церия-циркония-алюминия.
13. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой второй носитель выбирают из группы, состоящей из оксида алюминия, оксида кремния, оксида титана, оксида циркония, оксида магния, оксида ниобия, оксида тантала, оксида молибдена, оксида вольфрама и смешанного оксида или композитного оксида любых двух или более из них.
14. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой второй носитель представляет собой оксид алюминия.
15. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой подложка представляет собой прямопроточный монолит или фильтрующий монолит.
16. Катализатор-ловушка NОх по любому предыдущему пункту, в которой ловушка NОх имеет емкость сохранения кислорода, которая снижена больше чем на 40% по сравнению со свежим катализатором-ловушкой NОх, который содержит первый церийсодержащий материал, который не подвергали предварительному выдерживанию.
17. Система очистки выбросов для очистки потока выхлопного газа сгорания, содержащая катализатор-ловушку NОх по любому из пп. 1-16.
18. Система очистки выбросов по п. 17, в которой двигателем внутреннего сгорания является дизельный двигатель.
19. Система очистки выбросов по п. 17 или 18, дополнительно содержащая систему катализатора селективного каталитического восстановления, фильтр мелких частиц, фильтрующую систему селективного каталитического восстановления, пассивный адсорбер NОх, систему тройного катализатора или их комбинации.
20. Способ очистки выхлопного газа из двигателя внутреннего сгорания, в котором осуществляют взаимодействие выхлопного газа с катализатором-ловушкой NОх по любому из пп. 1-16.
21. Способ снижения емкости сохранения кислорода первого церийсодержащего материала в катализаторе-ловушке NОх, в котором выполняют предварительное выдерживание первого церийсодержащего материала перед его внедрением в катализатор-ловушку NОх.
22. Способ по п. 21, в котором предварительное выдерживание выполняют путем нагрева первого церийсодержащего материала при температуре больше чем 700°С в отсутствие добавленной воды.
23. Способ по п. 21 или 22, в котором предварительное выдерживание выполняют путем нагрева первого церийсодержащего материала при температуре от 750 до 950°С в отсутствие добавленной воды.
24. Применение предварительно выдержанного, церийсодержащего материала для снижения емкости сохранения кислорода катализатора-ловушки NОх.
25. Применение по п. 25, где предварительно выдержанный церийсодержащий материал предварительно выдерживают путем нагрева первого церийсодержащего материала при температуре больше чем 700°С в отсутствие добавленной воды.
26. Применение по п. 24 или 25, где предварительное выдерживание выполняют путем нагрева первого церийсодержащего материала при температуре от 750 до 950°С в отсутствие добавленной воды.
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