RU2017131548A - Дизельный катализатор окисления - Google Patents

Дизельный катализатор окисления Download PDF

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RU2017131548A
RU2017131548A RU2017131548A RU2017131548A RU2017131548A RU 2017131548 A RU2017131548 A RU 2017131548A RU 2017131548 A RU2017131548 A RU 2017131548A RU 2017131548 A RU2017131548 A RU 2017131548A RU 2017131548 A RU2017131548 A RU 2017131548A
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Russia
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oxidation catalyst
component
composite
oxidizing component
paragraphs
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RU2017131548A
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RU2017131548A3 (ru
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Шианг СУНГ
Патрик Уилльям МАККЭНТИ
Стэнли А. РОТ
Ксиаолай ЧЖЕНГ
Ольга ГЕРЛАХ
Маркус КЕГЕЛЬ
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Басф Корпорейшн
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Publication of RU2017131548A3 publication Critical patent/RU2017131548A3/ru
Publication of RU2017131548A publication Critical patent/RU2017131548A/ru

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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
    • B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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Claims (47)

1. Композит катализатора окисления, содержащий
несущую подложку; и
каталитическое покрытие по меньшей мере на части несущей подложки, причем это каталитическое покрытие включает:
первый окислительный компонент, содержащий по меньшей мере один металл платиновой группы (МПГ) и первый жаропрочный оксид металла, причем первый окислительный компонент в основном свободен от цеолита;
компонент для накопления NOx, содержащий один или несколько из оксида алюминия, диоксида кремния, диоксида титана, оксида церия и марганца; и
второй окислительный компонент, содержащий второй жаропрочный оксид металла, цеолит и по меньшей мере один МПГ.
2. Композит катализатора окисления по п. 1, причем выполняется одно или несколько из следующих условий
первый окислительный компонент содержит платину (Pt) и палладий (Pd) в массовом соотношении Pt и Pd, составляющем примерно от 0:1 до 4:1;
первый окислительный компонент в основном свободен от цеолита;
компонент для накопления NOx в основном свободен от диоксида циркония;
компонент для накопления NOx в основном свободен от Pt и Pd;
второй окислительный компонент содержит Pt;
второй окислительный компонент в основном свободен от палладия.
3. Композит катализатора окисления по п. 1, причем
первый окислительный компонент содержит Pt и Pd в массовом соотношении примерно от 0:1 до 4:1 и в основном свободен от цеолита;
компонент для накопления NOx в основном не содержит диоксида циркония и в основном свободен от Pt и Pd; и
второй окислительный компонент содержит Pt и в основном свободен от палладия.
4. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем первый окислительный компонент находится в нижнем слое на несущей подложке, компонент для накопления NOx находится в среднем слое на нижнем слое, а второй окислительный компонент находится в верхнем слое на среднем слое.
5. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем первый окислительный компонент находится в нижнем слое на несущей подложке, а компонент для накопления NOx и второй окислительный компонент перемешаны в смешанном верхнем слое на нижнем слое.
6. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем первый окислительный компонент и компонент для накопления NOx перемешаны и находятся в смешанном нижнем слое на несущей подложке, а второй окислительный компонент находится в верхнем слое на смешанном нижнем слое.
7. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем компонент для накопления NOx является нижним слоем на несущей подложке, а первый окислительный компонент и второй окислительный компонент находятся в разделенном на зоны верхнем слое на нижнем слое.
8. Композит катализатора окисления по п. 7, причем первый окислительный компонент находится на входном конце несущей подложки, а второй окислительный компонент находится на выходном конце несущей подложки.
9. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем первый и второй носители жаропрочного оксида металла независимо друг от друга содержат один или несколько из оксида алюминия, диоксида кремния, диоксида циркония, диоксида титана, оксида церия или марганца.
10. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем первый окислительный компонент содержит Pt и Pd в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 10 г/фут3 до 200 г/фут3, и причем второй окислительный компонент содержит платину в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 10 г/фут3 до примерно 120 г/фут3.
11. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем один или несколько из первого окислительного компонента, компонента для накопления NOx или второго окислительного компонента содержит марганец в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 0,1 до 100% масс., в пересчете на массу компонента, содержащего марганец.
12. Композит катализатора окисления по п. 11, причем марганец легирован кремнием (Si), железом (Fe), кобальтом (Со), никелем (Ni), медью (Cu), индием (In), оловом (Sn), иридием (Ir), церием (Се), празеодимом (Pr) или их комбинациями.
13. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем один или несколько из первого окислительного компонента, компонента для накопления NOx или второго окислительного компонента содержит оксид церия (Се) в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 0,1 до 100% масс., в пересчете на массу компонента, содержащего оксид церия.
14. Композит катализатора окисления по п. 13, причем Се легирован элементом, выбранным из Si, Mn, Fe, Со, Ni, Cu, In, Sn, Ir, Pr и их комбинаций.
15. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем компонент для накопления NOx содержит оксид алюминия в диапазоне примерно от 80 до 99,8% масс., марганец в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 0,1 до 10% масс., и оксид церия в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 0,1 до 10% масс., в пересчете на массу компонента для накопления NOx.
16. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем компонент для накопления NOx содержит оксид церия в диапазоне примерно от 80 до 99,8% масс., оксид алюминия в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 0,1 до 10% масс., и диоксид кремния в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 0,1 до 10% масс., в пересчете на массу компонента для накопления NOx.
17. Композит катализатора окисления по п. 15, имеющий массовое соотношение Mn/(Се+Mn) больше, чем 0,4.
18. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем первый окислительный компонент дополнительно содержит оксид бария в количестве в диапазоне примерно от 3 до 100 г/фут3.
19. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем второй окислительный компонент содержит устойчивый при гидротермальных условиях цеолит, выбранный из ZSM-5, бета, морденита, Y-цеолита, цеолита со структурой типа СНА, ферриерита или их комбинаций.
20. Композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-3, причем несущая подложка выбрана из монолита с проточным течением, монолита с проточными стенками, пеноматериала или сетчатого материала.
21. Способ обработки потока выхлопного газа дизельного двигателя, причем способ включает приведение в контакт потока выхлопного газа с композитом катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-20 и прохождение этого потока выхлопного газа через расположенный ниже по потоку катализатор селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR).
22. Способ по п. 21, причем расположенный ниже по потоку катализатор SCR располагается на монолитном фильтре с проточными стенками.
23. Система для обработки потока выхлопного газа двигателя, работающего на обедненной топливной смеси, содержащего углеводороды, монооксид углерода, оксиды азота, твердые частицы и другие компоненты выхлопного газа, причем эта система включает:
выхлопной трубопровод, сообщающийся по текучей среде с двигателем, работающим на обедненной топливной смеси, посредством выхлопного патрубка;
композит катализатора окисления по любому из пп. 1-20; и
каталитический сажевый фильтр и катализатор SCR, расположенные ниже по потоку от композита катализатора окисления.
24. Система по п. 23, причем катализатор SCR представлен как каталитическое покрытие на каталитическом сажевом фильтре.
25. Система по п. 23, причем катализатор SCR находится на монолите с проточным течением ниже по потоку от композита катализатора окисления, а каталитический сажевый фильтр находится ниже по потоку от катализатора SCR.
26. Система по п. 23, причем каталитический сажевый фильтр находится ниже по потоку от композита катализатора окисления, а катализатор SCR находится на монолите с проточным течением ниже по потоку от каталитического сажевого фильтра.
27. Система по п. 23, причем катализатор SCR содержит молекулярное сито, имеющее блок из двойных шестичленных колец (d6r).
28. Система по п. 27, причем катализатор SCR выбран из цеолита со структурами типа СНА, AEI или AFX.
29. Система по п. 28, причем катализатор SCR промотирован металлом, выбранным из Cu, Fe, Со, Ni, La, Се, Mn, V, Ag и их комбинаций.
30. Система по п. 29, причем катализатор SCR промотирован металлом, выбранным из Cu, Fe и их комбинаций.
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