JP6606544B2 - モディファイドリーンNOxトラップを有する排気システム - Google Patents
モディファイドリーンNOxトラップを有する排気システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6606544B2 JP6606544B2 JP2017507715A JP2017507715A JP6606544B2 JP 6606544 B2 JP6606544 B2 JP 6606544B2 JP 2017507715 A JP2017507715 A JP 2017507715A JP 2017507715 A JP2017507715 A JP 2017507715A JP 6606544 B2 JP6606544 B2 JP 6606544B2
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- Prior art keywords
- exhaust system
- metal
- zeolite
- lnt
- modified
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical group O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BLRHXYOZUHSROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=[Pt](=O)=O Chemical compound O=[Pt](=O)=O BLRHXYOZUHSROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N almasilate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](O)=O HZVVJJIYJKGMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Si+4] ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/922—Mixtures of carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9422—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by NOx storage or reduction by cyclic switching between lean and rich exhaust gases (LNT, NSC, NSR)
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Description
ディーゼル酸化触媒ゾーンは、好ましくは、無機酸化物担体も含む。無機酸化物担体は、第2、第3、第4、第5、第13及び第14族元素の酸化物を好ましくは含む。最も好ましくは、担体は、アルミナ、又はシリカドープアルミナ担体である。
NO酸化ゾーンは、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属、例えば、バリウム、を含有してよいが、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属成分が実質的に無くてもよい。「実質的に無い」により、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属がNO酸化ゾーンへ故意に添加されないことが意味される。好ましくは、「実質的に無い」は、NO酸化ゾーンが、0.1重量%未満のアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属、より好ましくは0.05重量%未満のアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属を含有し、最も好ましくはアルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属を含有しないことを意味する。
モディファイドLNT 1A
400セル毎平方インチ(cpsi)フロースローコーディエライト基材モノリスは、2層を含むNOx吸着触媒製剤でコーティングされる。より低い方の層のウォッシュ―コートは、Pt、Pd、28%のCe/マグネシウム−アルミン酸塩スピネル及び66%セリア(総セリアローディングの95%は、7%Baを含有する微粒子セリアを含む)を含む。ウォッシュコートは、WO 99/47260に記載の方法を使用して未使用の基材上にコーティングされ、後に、100℃において通風乾燥機で30分間乾燥させること、及びその後500℃において2時間熱することが続く。
400セル毎平方インチ(cpsi)フロースルーコーディエライト基材モノリスは、Pt、Pd、Ce/マグネシウム−アルミン酸塩スピネル、Baコーティングされた微粒子セリアを含み33%のCe/マグネシウム−アルミン酸塩スピネル、61%のセリア(総セリアローディングの93%は、7%Baを含有する微粒子セリアを含む)並びに113g/ft3のPt及びPdを含有する単一層を含むNOx吸着触媒製剤でコーティングされる。ウォッシュコートは、WO 99/47260に記載の方法を使用して未使用の基材上にコーティングされ、後に、100℃において通風乾燥機で30分間乾燥させること、及びその後500℃において2時間熱することが続く。
モディファイドLNT 1A及び比較LNT 2(1.4Lの触媒体積)は、5時間、800℃において、水熱的にエージングされる。各LNTは、100kphクルーズでラムダ0.95において5sのリッチパージを用いる4回のNEDCサイクル走行により、低圧力排気ガス再循環(EGR)を用いる1.6リットル機関上で事前調節される。評価は、その後、2.2リットル機関上でNEDC運転サイクルにわたり実施される。リッチなパージングは、評価の間で用いられない。
Claims (19)
- 内燃機関からの排気ガスを処理するための排気システムであって、モディファイドリーンNOxトラップ(LNT)、尿素注入システム、及びアンモニア−選択的触媒的還元(NH3−SCR)触媒を含み、モディファイドLNTが、NOx を200℃未満の温度において貯蔵し、かつ貯蔵されたNOx を200℃より上の温度において放出し、かつモディファイドLNTが:
(a)NO x 吸着成分及び1以上の白金族金属を含む第一の層と;
(b)白金族金属、ゼオライト、及び任意選択的にアルカリ土類金属を含むディーゼル酸化触媒ゾーン、並びに白金族金属及びキャリアを含むNO酸化ゾーンを含む第二の層と;
を含む、排気システム。 - 尿素注入システムが180℃より上の温度において尿素を注入する、請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- NOx吸着成分が、アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ金属、希土類金属及びそれらの混合物を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の排気システム。
- アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ金属、希土類金属及びそれらの混合物が、無機酸化物材料上に担持される、請求項3に記載の排気システム。
- 無機酸化物材料が、セリア含有材料又はマグネシア−アルミナである、請求項4に記載の排気システム。
- マグネシア−アルミナが、マグネシウム−アルミン酸塩スピネルである、請求項5に記載の排気システム。
- NOx吸着成分がバリウムを含む、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 第一の層の1以上の白金族金属が、パラジウム、白金、ロジウム及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- ディーゼル酸化触媒ゾーンのゼオライトが、AEI、CHA、LEV、BEA、FAU及びMFIからなるフレームワークタイプの群から選択される、請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- ディーゼル酸化触媒ゾーンが、アルミナ又はシリカ−ドープアルミナを含む無機酸化物担体を更に含む、請求項1から9の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- NO酸化ゾーンのキャリアが、アルミナ及びセリアを含む、請求項1から10の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- NO酸化ゾーンが、マンガンを更に含む、請求項1から11の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- NH3−SCR触媒が、バナジア−チタニア触媒、バナジア−タングスタ−チタニア触媒、及び金属/ゼオライトからなる群から選択される、請求項1から12の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- 金属/ゼオライトが、鉄又は銅からなる群から選択される金属、及びAEI、CHA、LEV、BEA(例えば、ベータゼオライト)又はFER(例えば、フェリエライト)からなるフレームワークタイプの群から選択されるゼオライトを含む、請求項13に記載の排気システム。
- NH3−SCR触媒が、アンモニア−選択的触媒的還元フィルタ(NH3−SCRF)である、請求項1から14の何れか一項に記載の排気システム。
- NH3−SCRFが、バナジア−チタニア触媒、バナジア−タングスタ−チタニア触媒及び金属/ゼオライトからなる群から選択されるNH3−SCR触媒を有するフィルタを含む、請求項15に記載の排気システム。
- (a)NOx吸着成分及び1以上の白金族金属を含む第一の層と;
(b)白金族金属、ゼオライト、及び任意選択的にアルカリ土類金属を含むディーゼル酸化触媒ゾーン、並びに白金族金属及びキャリアを含むNO酸化ゾーンを含む第二の層と;
を含む、モディファイドリーンNOxトラップ(LNT)。 - 車両の内燃機関からの排気ガスを処理するための方法であって:
(a)排気ガスを請求項17のモディファイドリーンNOxトラップ(LNT)上に通過させて、排気ガスからの窒素の酸化物(NOx)を200℃未満の温度において除去し、かつNOx を200℃より上の温度において放出することと;
(b)180℃より上の温度においてモディファイドLNTの下流の排気ガス中に尿素を注入することと;
(c)モディファイドLNTから放出されるNOxを含有する排気ガス及び尿素をNH3−SCR触媒上に通過させて、NOxを窒素に変換することと;
を含む方法。 - モディファイドLNTをリッチな空気:燃料比の環境下で500℃より上の温度に定期的に供して、モディファイドLNT上に蓄積された硫黄を除去することを更に含む請求項18に記載の方法。
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PCT/IB2015/056016 WO2016024193A1 (en) | 2014-08-12 | 2015-08-07 | Exhaust system with a modified lean noxtrap |
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JP6264261B2 (ja) * | 2014-11-05 | 2018-01-24 | マツダ株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化システム |
DE102016101761A1 (de) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Katalysator zur Reduktion von Stickoxiden |
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JP6861066B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-28 | 2021-04-21 | 東京濾器株式会社 | 希薄混合気燃焼エンジンからの排出ガス浄化用吸蔵還元型触媒 |
GB2560941A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-03 | Johnson Matthey Plc | NOx Adsorber catalyst |
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RU2017107533A3 (ja) | 2019-03-05 |
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GB201513959D0 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
US10539055B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
KR102353678B1 (ko) | 2022-01-20 |
US20160047286A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
CN106661984A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
RU2688085C2 (ru) | 2019-05-17 |
JP2017532188A (ja) | 2017-11-02 |
WO2016024193A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
GB2531401A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
DE102015113012A1 (de) | 2016-02-18 |
GB2531401B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
EP3194053A1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
US9828896B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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