RU2017117934A - Способ соединения предметов - Google Patents

Способ соединения предметов Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2017117934A
RU2017117934A RU2017117934A RU2017117934A RU2017117934A RU 2017117934 A RU2017117934 A RU 2017117934A RU 2017117934 A RU2017117934 A RU 2017117934A RU 2017117934 A RU2017117934 A RU 2017117934A RU 2017117934 A RU2017117934 A RU 2017117934A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
item
paragraphs
pressing
distal
fluid
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RU2017117934A
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English (en)
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RU2017117934A3 (ru
RU2702543C2 (ru
Inventor
Йерг МАЙЕР
Марио ЛЕМАН
Хоаким КВИСТ
Патриция ПОШНЕР
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Вудуэлдинг Аг
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Publication of RU2017117934A publication Critical patent/RU2017117934A/ru
Publication of RU2017117934A3 publication Critical patent/RU2017117934A3/ru
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Publication of RU2702543C2 publication Critical patent/RU2702543C2/ru

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
    • B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30321—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of protusions belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/322—Providing cavities in the joined article to collect the burr
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72143—Fibres of discontinuous lengths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B29C66/73116—Melting point of different melting point, i.e. the melting point of one of the parts to be joined being different from the melting point of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7422—Aluminium or alloys of aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
    • B29C66/7461—Ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/748—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/746
    • B29C66/7487—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9517—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration amplitude values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0045—Perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30326—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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Claims (63)

1. Способ соединения второго предмета с первым предметом, включающий в себя этапы, на которых:
берут первый предмет, причем первый предмет содержит термопластичный размягчаемый материал, находящийся в твердом состоянии;
берут второй предмет, причем второй предмет имеет участок поверхности, содержащий соединительный элемент с вырезом и/или выполненный с возможностью деформации так, чтобы образовать на нем соединительный элемент с вырезом, посредством которого второй предмет способен входить с соединение с геометрическим замыканием с первым предметом;
прижимают второй предмет к первому предмету посредством инструмента, находящегося в физическом контакте с внедряющим элементом второго предмета, в то время как в инструмент внедряют механические вибрации;
продолжают выполнять этап прижатия и внедрения вибраций в инструмент до тех пор, пока не произойдет размягчение текучей части термопластичного материала первого предмета и она не затечет в соединительные элементы второго предмета;
позволяют термопластичному материалу второго предмета снова прийти в твердое состояние а получением соединения с геометрическим замыканием между первым и вторым предметами посредством размягченной и снова отвержденной текучей части, проникшей в соединительные элементы.
2. Способ по п. 1, в котором внедряющий элемент содержит обращенную в проксимальном направлении поверхность внедрения.
3. Способ по п. 1, в котором внедряющий элемент содержит элемент для крепления второго предмета к устройству генерации вибраций.
4. Способ по любому из пп. 1-3, в котором соединительные элементы второго предмета изготовлены из материала, который не является размягчаемым или является размягчаемым при температуре существенно большей, чем температура размягчения текучей части.
5. Способ по любому из пп. 1-4, в котором второй предмет содержит второй термопластичный материал, имеющий температуру размягчения существенно большую, чем температура размягчения текучей части, при этом способ включает в себя этап, на котором после этапа размягчения текучей части термопластичного материала первого предмета, прижимают второй предмет к опоре и/или не размягчаемой части первого предмета в ходе внедрения вибраций во второй предмет, до тех пор, пока не произойдет размягчение второй текучей части второго термопластичного материала и ее течение, приводящее к деформации второго предмета.
6. Способ по п. 5, в котором первый предмет имеет сквозное отверстие, причем на этапе прижатия второй предмет вжимают в отверстие, при этом деформация второго предмета включает в себя формирование опорного участка, являющегося дистальным расширением в дистальном направлении первого предмета.
7. Способ по любому из пп. 1-6, в котором первый предмет имеет отверстие, а на этапе прижатия, часть второго предмета вжимают в указанное отверстие.
8. Способ по п. 7, в котором диаметр отверстия выбран так, что объем смещенных участков текучей части равен объему элементов, в которые может втекать смещенный объем.
9. Способ по любому из пп. 1-8, в котором для приложения противодействующей силы, первый предмет помещают на виброустойчивую опору.
10. Способ по п. 9, в котором указанная опора содержит опорную поверхность напротив участка, к которому прижимают первый предмет.
11. Способ по любому из пп. 1-9, в котором дистальная сторона первого предмета напротив участка, к которому прижимают первый предмет, является открытой и не поддерживается в ходе выполнения этапа прижатия.
12. Способ по любому из пп. 1-11, в котором второй предмет содержит внутреннюю часть и наружную часть, между которыми имеется промежуток, причем соединительные элементы второго предмета включают в себя наружные элементы внутренней части и/или внутренние элементы наружной части и/или наружные элементы наружной части, при этом на этапе приведения текучей части в текучее состояние, вызывают течение в указанный промежуток.
13. Способ по любому из пп. 1-12, в котором второй предмет содержит первую часть из первого материала и вторую часть из второго материала.
14. Способ по любому из пп. 1-13, в котором температура размягчения текучей части составляет 200°С или менее.
15. Способ по любому из пп. 1-14, в котором второй предмет имеет деформируемый участок, при этом способ включает в себя этап деформации деформируемого участка путем выполнения этапа прижатия и внедрения механических вибраций в инструмент, при этом деформируемый участок по меньшей мере частично окружают размягченным материалом первого предмета.
16. Способ по п. 15, в котором второй предмет содержит головной участок или перемычку, причем деформируемый участок проходит дистально от головного участка или перемычки по существу параллельно проксимодистальной оси крепления.
17. Способ по п. 15 или 16, в котором деформация деформируемого участка включает в себя отгибание деформируемого участка от осевого направления.
18. Способ по любому из пп. 15-17, в котором первый предмет в ходе выполнения этапа прижатия размещают на опоре, причем опора имеет формованный элемент, способствующий указанной деформации.
19. Способ по любому из пп. 1-18, в котором выполняют крепление третьего предмета к первому предмету посредством второго предмета.
20. Способ по п. 19, в котором этап прижатия второго предмета к первому предмету выполняют до тех пор, пока второй предмет не войдет в физический контакт с третьим предметом и не прикрепит третий предмет к первому предмету.
21. Способ по п. 19 или 20, в котором третий предмет содержит термопластичный материал, причем течение текучей части термопластичного материала третьего предмета относительно второго предмета вызывают путем воздействия прижатием и механическими вибрациями.
22. Способ по любому из пп. 19-21, в котором на этапе размещения третьего предмета относительно первого предмета, третий предмет размещают проксимально от первого предмета, а после этапа размещения вызывают проникновение второго предмета в третий предмет до тех пор, пока его дистальный участок не достигнет первого предмета для того, чтобы прижать второй предмет к первому предмету.
23. Способ по п. 22, в котором на этапе, на котором вызывают проникновение второго предмета в третий предмет, вызывают смещение материала третьего предмета.
24. Способ по п. 22 или 23, в котором третий предмет содержит отверстие, через которое направляют дистальный участок третьего предмета так, чтобы он достиг первого предмета.
25. Способ по любому из пп. 19-24, в котором второй предмет содержит головной участок или перемычку, которые опирают на проксимальный участок поверхности третьего предмета после повторного отверждения термопластичного материала первого предмета, во время закрепления дистального участка второго предмета в первом предмете.
26. Способ по любому из пп. 1-25, в котором второй предмет содержит дистальную концевую поверхность с множеством разнесенных в боковом направлении полостей, выполненных с возможностью принимать по меньшей мере части текучей части, причем в ходе прижатия второго предмета к первому предмету прижимают дистальную концевую поверхность к проксимальной поверхности первого предмета.
27. Способ по п. 26, в котором между полостями второго предмета имеются выступы.
28. Способ по п. 27, в котором проксимальная поверхность первого предмета определяет плоскость раздела, причем после этапа прижатия и внедрения вибраций в инструмент указанные выступы отходят дистально от плоскости раздела, а полости проходят в направлении внутрь от плоскости раздела, при этом объем выступов меньше или равен объему полостей.
29. Способ по п. 27 или 28, в котором выступы содержат направляющую энергию кромку или направляющий энергиию конец.
30. Способ по любому из пп. 26-29, в котором полости расположены равномерно.
31. Способ по любому из пп. 26-30, в котором посредством этапа прижатия и внедрения вибраций в инструмент второй предмет приводят в перемещение относительно первого предмета в осевом направлении на глубину проникновения для проникновения в первый предмет, при этом глубина проникновения меньше, чем боковая ширина второго предмета.
32. Способ по п. 31, в котором глубина проникновения меньше бокового расстояния между самыми крайними полостями.
33. Способ по любому из пп. 1-32, в котором глубину зоны смешивания определяют как глубину, на которую проникает текучая часть, начиная от самых крайних поверхностных элементов второго предмета, при этом глубина зоны смешивания меньше глубины проникновения.
34. Способ по любому из пп. 1-33, включающий в себя этап, на котором к проксимальной поверхности первого предмета прижимают удерживающее устройство вблизи от второго предмета, в ходе прижатия второго предмета и воздействия на него механическими вибрациями.
35. Способ по любому из пп. 1-34, в котором второй предмет содержит установочный элемент для установки на первый предмет дополнительного предмета, причем указанный установочный элемент доступен с проксимальной стороны и принадлежит первой части первого материала, а второй предмет дополнительно содержит вторую часть второго материала, причем по меньшей мере после этапа повторного отверждения термопластичного материала второй материал введен в части первой части.
36. Способ по п. 35, в котором на этапе прижатия и внедрения вибраций в инструмент текучие части вынуждают течь в промежуток между первой и второй частями, тем самым стабилизируя первую часть относительно второй части.
37. Способ по п. 35 или 36, в котором первая часть выполнена из металла, а вторая часть из пластика.
38. Способ по любому из пп. 35-37, в котором вторая часть содержит по меньшей мере один наружный периферийный дистальный выступ, который на этапе прижатия и внедрения вибраций в инструмент вжимают в первый предмет.
39. Способ по п. 38, в котором первая часть и/или вторая часть содержит по меньшей мере один внутренний дистальный выступ, который на этапе прижатия и внедрения вибраций в инструмент вжимают в первый предмет.
40. Способ по любому из пп. 1-39, в котором соединительный элемент содержит последовательность радиальных выступов и углублений.
41. Способ по любому из пп. 1-40, в котором соединительный элемент содержит отверстие, открытое с дистальной стороны, определяющее вырез относительно осевых направлений.
42. Способ по п. 41, в котором соединительный элемент содержит множество разнесенных в боковом направлении отверстий, открытых с дистальной стороны и/или указанное отверстие, открытое с дистальной стороны охватывает выступ второго предмета.
43. Соединитель для крепления способом по любому из пп. 1-42 к первому предмету, содержащему термопластичный размягчаемый материал в твердом состоянии,
причем указанный соединитель содержит участок поверхности, имеющий соединительный элемент с вырезом и/или выполненный с возможностью деформации так, чтобы образовать на нем такой соединительный элемент с вырезом, посредством которого второй предмет способен входить с соединение с геометрическим замыканием с первым предметом;
причем указанный соединитель также содержит внедряющий элемент для вхождения в контакт с инструментом,
причем указанный соединитель выполнен с возможностью прижатия к первому предмету посредством инструмента, находящегося в физическом контакте с внедряющим элементом второго предмета во время внедрения в инструмент механических вибраций, до тех пор, пока текучая часть термпопластичного материала первого предмета не размягчится и не потечет в соединительные элементы, для обеспечения, после повторного отверждения термопластичного материала, соединения с геометрическим замыканием между первым и вторым предметами посредством размягченной и повторно отвержденной текучей части, проникающей в соединительные элементы.
44. Соединитель по п. 43, содержащий внутреннюю часть и наружную часть, между которыми имеется промежуток, при этом указанный промежуток является открытым с дистальной стороны, причем указанные соединительные элементы второго предмета включают в себя наружные элементы внутренней части и/или внутренние элементы наружной части и/или наружные элементы наружной части.
45. Соединитель по п. 44, содержащий проксимальный корпус и множество дистальных выступов, отходящих от него в дистальном направлении, при этом дистальные выступы образуют внутреннюю часть и наружную часть.
46. Соединитель по любому из пп. 43-45, содержащий первую чать первого материала и вторую часть второго материала.
47. Соединитель по п. 46, в котором первая часть внедрена в материал второй части, доступна с проксимальной стороны и содержит установочный элемент.
48. Соединитель по п. 47, в котором первая часть проходит дистально с формированием по меньшей мере одного дистального выступа.
49. Соединитель по любому из пп. 46-48, в котором первый материал является металлом, а второй - пластиком.
50. Соединитель по любому из пп. 46-49, в котором второй материал является пластически или упруго деформируемым.
51. Соединитель по любому из пп. 43-50, содержащий дистальную концевую поверхность с множеством разнесенных в боковом направлении полостей, выполненных с возможностью вмещения по меньшей мере частей текучей части.
52. Соединитель по п. 51, содержащий выступы между полостями.
53. Соединитель по п. 52, содержащий дистальную поверхность, образующую плоскость раздела, причем объем выступов меньше или равен объему полостей относительно плоскости раздела.
54. Соединитель по любому из пп. 43-50, содержащий участок перфорированного листа или сетки, проходящий в осевом направлении.
55. Соединитель по п. 54, в котором участок листа или сетки, в сечении, перпендикулярном оси, в по меньшей мере одном осевом положении искривлен или изогнут или имеет отогнутый край.
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