RU2011121987A - Способ переработки тяжелой нефти и битума - Google Patents

Способ переработки тяжелой нефти и битума Download PDF

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RU2011121987A
RU2011121987A RU2011121987/04A RU2011121987A RU2011121987A RU 2011121987 A RU2011121987 A RU 2011121987A RU 2011121987/04 A RU2011121987/04 A RU 2011121987/04A RU 2011121987 A RU2011121987 A RU 2011121987A RU 2011121987 A RU2011121987 A RU 2011121987A
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hydrogen
syngas
rich
specified
bitumen
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Стив Кресняк
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Abstract

1. Способ переработки тяжелой нефти или битума с получением углеводородных субпродуктов, включающий:а) обеспечение источника исходного сырья в виде тяжелой нефти или битума,б) обработку указанного исходного сырья с образованием неперегнанной низшей фракции,в) подачу указанной низшей фракции в контур получения сингаза с образованием потока сингаза, обедненного водородом, за счет реакции некаталитического частичного окисления, и взаимодействие указанного сингаза в реакторе Фишера-Тропша с синтезированием углеводородных субпродуктов,г) добавление источника водорода к указанному обедненному водородом сингазу для оптимизации синтеза углеводородов, но меньшей мере один из которых представляет собой синтетическое нефтяное сырье.2. Способ по п.1, где указанный источник водорода содержит поток сингаза, богатого водородом, полученный в генераторе богатого водородом сингаза.3. Способ по п.2, где указанный генератор богатого водородом сингаза выбираю г из группы, состоящей из установки парового риформинга метана (SMR), установки автотермического риформинга (ATR) и их комбинаций.4. Способ по пп.2 или 3, где в указанном генераторе богатого водородом сингаза используют богатое водородом исходное сырье с получением указанного потока богатого водородом сингаза.5. Способ по п.4, где указанное богатое водородом исходное сырье выбирают из группы, состоящей из природного газа, ФТ-паров, ФТ-нафты, паров из установки гидропереработки и их комбинаций.6. Способ по любому из пп.2, 3 или 5, дополнительно включающий очистку по меньшей мере части указанного богатого водородом сингаза.7. Способ по п.6, где очистку указанного богатого водородо�

Claims (15)

1. Способ переработки тяжелой нефти или битума с получением углеводородных субпродуктов, включающий:
а) обеспечение источника исходного сырья в виде тяжелой нефти или битума,
б) обработку указанного исходного сырья с образованием неперегнанной низшей фракции,
в) подачу указанной низшей фракции в контур получения сингаза с образованием потока сингаза, обедненного водородом, за счет реакции некаталитического частичного окисления, и взаимодействие указанного сингаза в реакторе Фишера-Тропша с синтезированием углеводородных субпродуктов,
г) добавление источника водорода к указанному обедненному водородом сингазу для оптимизации синтеза углеводородов, но меньшей мере один из которых представляет собой синтетическое нефтяное сырье.
2. Способ по п.1, где указанный источник водорода содержит поток сингаза, богатого водородом, полученный в генераторе богатого водородом сингаза.
3. Способ по п.2, где указанный генератор богатого водородом сингаза выбираю г из группы, состоящей из установки парового риформинга метана (SMR), установки автотермического риформинга (ATR) и их комбинаций.
4. Способ по пп.2 или 3, где в указанном генераторе богатого водородом сингаза используют богатое водородом исходное сырье с получением указанного потока богатого водородом сингаза.
5. Способ по п.4, где указанное богатое водородом исходное сырье выбирают из группы, состоящей из природного газа, ФТ-паров, ФТ-нафты, паров из установки гидропереработки и их комбинаций.
6. Способ по любому из пп.2, 3 или 5, дополнительно включающий очистку по меньшей мере части указанного богатого водородом сингаза.
7. Способ по п.6, где очистку указанного богатого водородом сингаза осуществляют с помощью адсорбции при переменном давлении, мембран или жидкостной абсорбции.
8. Способ переработки тяжелой нефти или битума с получением углеводородных субпродуктов, включающий:
1) обеспечение источника исходного сырья в виде битума или тяжелой нефти, обработку указанного сырья путем перегонки с образованием неперегнанной низшей фракции,
2) подачу низшей фракции в контур получения сингаза с образованием потока сингаза, обедненного водородом, за счет реакции не каталитического частичного окисления,
3) обработку указанного потока обедненного водородом сингаза по реакции конверсии водяного газа (WGS) с получением оптимального по Фишеру-Тропшу сингаза и
4) обработку указанного оптимального по Фишеру-Тропшу сингаза в установке Фишера-Гропша с синтезированием углеводородных субпродуктов, по меньшей мере один из которых представляет собой синтетическое нефтяное сырье.
9. Способ по п.8, дополнительно включающий очистку по меньшей мере части указанного богатого водородом сингаза.
10. Способ по п.9, где очистку указанного богатого водородом сингаза осуществляют с помощью адсорбции при переменном давлении, мембран или жидкостной абсорбции.
11. Система переработки битума с получением углеводородных субпродуктов, включающая:
а) первую стадию переработки битума для переработки указанного битума в жидкость и остаточные вещества путем перегонки,
6) вторую стадию газификации указанных остаточных веществ и получения продуктов но Фишеру-Тропшу,
в) третью стадию гидропереработки указанных продуктов по Фишеру-Тропшу с получением синтетического нефтяного сырья и
г) четвертую стадию синтеза водорода для объединения с водородом, полученным на указанной второй стадии, причем указанное объединение направлено на оптимизацию отношения водорода к углероду при подаче в реактор Фишера-Тропша с обеспечением возможности синтезировать синтетическое нефтяное сырье.
12. Система по п.11, где в указанной первой стадии используют перегонку при атмосферном давлении для удаления добавленного разбавителя и дистиллята прямой перегонки.
13. Система по п.12, где указанный остаток, полученный на указанной первой стадии, подвергают перегонке на установке для вакуумной перегонки с образованием легкого вакуумного газойля и вакуумного остатка, причем указанный вакуумный остаток содержит асфальтены.
14. Способ переработки битума с получением углеводородных субпродуктов, включающий:
а) обеспечение источника переработанного сырья в виде битума или тяжелой нефти в форме неперегнанной низшей фракции,
б) получение углеводородов Фишера-Тропша за счет реакции обедненного водородом сингаза, полученного по реакции некаталитического частичного окисления указанной неперегнанной низшей фракции и
в) добавление источника водорода к указанному обедненному водородом сингазу для оптимизации синтеза углеводородов, по меньшей мере один из которых представляет собой синтетическое нефтяное сырье.
15. Способ по п.14, где указанный источник водорода содержит поток богатого водородом синтаза, полученный в генераторе богатого водородом сингаза.
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