CA2731376A1 - Enhancement of fischer-tropsch process for hydrocarbon fuel formulation - Google Patents
Enhancement of fischer-tropsch process for hydrocarbon fuel formulation Download PDFInfo
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- CA2731376A1 CA2731376A1 CA2731376A CA2731376A CA2731376A1 CA 2731376 A1 CA2731376 A1 CA 2731376A1 CA 2731376 A CA2731376 A CA 2731376A CA 2731376 A CA2731376 A CA 2731376A CA 2731376 A1 CA2731376 A1 CA 2731376A1
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- set forth
- hydrogen
- syngas
- hydrocarbons
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 37
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract 25
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract 25
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 38
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 38
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1025—Natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/207—Acid gases, e.g. H2S, COS, SO2, HCN
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4081—Recycling aspects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/42—Hydrogen of special source or of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/08—Jet fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/26—Fuel gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
- Y02T50/678—Aviation using fuels of non-fossil origin
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
An enhanced Fischer-Tropsch process for the synthesis of sulfur free, clean burning, green hydrocarbon fuels, examples of which include syndiesel and aviation fuel. Naphtha is destroyed in a hydrogen generator and recycled as feedstock to a syngas (FT) reactor in order to enhance the production of syndiesel from the reactor. A further variation integrates a second hydrogen generator capturing light hydrocarbon gas for conversion to hydrogen and carbon monoxide which supplements the Fischer-Tropsch reactor. The result is a considerable increase in the volume of syndiesel formulated. A system for effecting the process is also characterized in the specification.
Claims (45)
1. A process for synthesing hydrocarbons, comprising the steps of:
(a) formulating a hydrogen lean syngas stream in a non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction;
(b) catalytically converting said syngas stream to produce hydrocarbons, containing at least naphtha;
(c) recycling said naphtha to a hydrogen generator to form a hydrogen rich stream; and (d) combining said hydrogen rich stream with the hydrogen lean stream of step (a) to enhance the conversion of hydrocarbons.
(a) formulating a hydrogen lean syngas stream in a non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction;
(b) catalytically converting said syngas stream to produce hydrocarbons, containing at least naphtha;
(c) recycling said naphtha to a hydrogen generator to form a hydrogen rich stream; and (d) combining said hydrogen rich stream with the hydrogen lean stream of step (a) to enhance the conversion of hydrocarbons.
2. The process as set forth in claim 1, wherein said hydrogen lean syngas stream is formed in a thermal gasifier.
3. The process as set forth in claim 2, wherein said gasifier gasifies a member selected from the group consisting of coal, biomass, petroleum resids, petcoke, municipal waste, plastics, wood waste, demetallized tire scrap, forestry waste material, waste water biomass, sewage biomass, agricultural waste, agricultural byproducts, carbonaceous material and mixtures thereof.
4. The process as set forth in any one of claims 1 through 3, wherein catalytic conversion carried out in step (b) is effected using a Fischer-Tropsch reaction.
5. The process as set forth in any one of claims 1 through 4, wherein subsequent to step (b), naphtha is generated in addition to heavier hydrocarbons, light hydrocarbons and a refinery fuel gas.
6. The process as set forth in claim 5, wherein further including the step of separating at least a portion of said naphtha from said heavier and lighter hydrocarbons.
7. The process as set forth in any one of claims 1 through 6, wherein said hydrogen generator in step (c) comprises a steam methane reformer (SMR).
8. The process as set forth in claim 4, wherein said hydrogen rich stream of step (d) is reacted into said Fischer-Tropsch reaction.
9. The process as set forth in any one of claims 1 through 8, further including the step of adding an auxiliary source of hydrogen to said hydrogen generator.
10. The process as set forth in claim 9, wherein said auxiliary source comprises natural gas.
11. The process as set forth in claim 9, wherein said auxiliary source of hydrogen comprises refinery gas.
12. The process as set forth in any one of claims I through 11, wherein converted hydrocarbon comprises at least one of aviation fuel and diesel fuel.
13. The process as set forth in any one of claims 1 through 12, further including a series of unit operations between steps (a) through (d) for optimizing conversion of hydrocarbons.
14. The process as set forth in claim 13, wherein said unit operations at least include cleansing syngas by removal of carbon dioxide prior to synthesis of said hydrocarbons.
15. The process as set forth in claim 14, wherein said syngas cleansing includes at least one of a caustic wash for halide removal, an acid wash for ammonia removal, and an activated charcoal treatment for hydrogen sulfide removal.
16. The process as set forth in claim 14, wherein said carbon dioxide removal includes at least one of drying and compression, and removal of said carbon dioxide as a product.
17. A process for synthesing hydrocarbons, comprising the steps of:
(a) formulating a hydrogen lean syngas stream in a non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction;
(b) catalytically converting said syngas stream to produce a hydrocarbon, containing at least naphtha and fuel gas;
(c) recycling said naphtha to a hydrogen generator to form a hydrogen rich stream;
(d) recycling fuel from step (b) to a second hydrogen generator to form a supplemental syngas stream; and (e) combining said hydrogen rich stream and said supplemental syngas stream with the hydrogen lean stream of step (a) to enhance the conversion of hydrocarbons.
(a) formulating a hydrogen lean syngas stream in a non-catalytic partial oxidation reaction;
(b) catalytically converting said syngas stream to produce a hydrocarbon, containing at least naphtha and fuel gas;
(c) recycling said naphtha to a hydrogen generator to form a hydrogen rich stream;
(d) recycling fuel from step (b) to a second hydrogen generator to form a supplemental syngas stream; and (e) combining said hydrogen rich stream and said supplemental syngas stream with the hydrogen lean stream of step (a) to enhance the conversion of hydrocarbons.
18. The process as set forth in claim 17, wherein said recycled fuel from step (d) comprises refinery gas from the Fischer-Tropsch unit and or hydrocarbon upgrader unit.
19. The process as set forth in claim 17 or 18, wherein said supplemental stream of syngas is formed using an autothermal reformer (ATR).
20. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 19, wherein said hydrogen lean syngas stream is formed in a thermal gasifier.
21. The process as set forth in claim 20, wherein said gasifier gasifies a member selected from the group consisting of coal, biomass, petroleum resids, petcoke, municipal waste, plastics, wood waste, demetallized tire scrap, forestry waste material, waste water biomass, sewage biomass, agricultural waste, agricultural byproducts, carbonaceous material and mixtures thereof.
22. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 21, wherein catalytic conversion carried out in step (b) is effected using a Fischer-Tropsch reaction.
23. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 22, wherein subsequent to step (b), the fraction of naphtha is generated in addition to heavier hydrocarbons.
24. The process as set forth in claim 22, further including the step of separating at least a portion of said heavier hydrocarbons from said naphtha.
25. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 24, wherein said hydrogen generator in step (c) comprises a steam methane reformer (SMR).
26. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 25, wherein the hydrogen rich stream of step (d) is introduced into said Fischer-Tropsch reactor.
27. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 26, further including the step of adding an auxiliary source of hydrogen to said hydrogen generator and second hydrogen generator.
28. The process as set forth in claim 27, wherein said auxiliary source comprises natural gas.
29. The process as set forth in claim 27, wherein said auxiliary source of hydrogen comprises refinery gas.
30. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 29, wherein converted hydrocarbon comprises at least one of aviation fuel and diesel fuel.
31. The process as set forth in any one of claims 17 through 30, further including a series of unit operations between steps (a) through (d) for optimizing said conversion of hydrocarbons.
32. The process as set forth in claim 31, wherein said unit operations at least include cleansing syngas by removal of carbon dioxide prior to synthesis of said hydrocarbons.
33. The process as set forth in claim 32, wherein said syngas cleansing includes at least one of a caustic wash for halide removal, an acid wash for ammonia removal, and an activated charcoal treatment for hydrogen sulfide removal.
34. The process as set forth in claim 33, wherein said carbon dioxide removal includes at least one of drying and compression, and removal of said carbon dioxide as a product.
35. A system for synthesizing hydrocarbons, said system comprising:
(a) means for generating syngas lean in hydrogen content;
(b) means for catalytically converting said syngas to produce hydrocarbons, containing at least naphtha;
(c) a hydrogen generator;
(d) circuit means for recycling naphtha to said hydrogen generator to form a hydrogen rich stream; and (e) circuit means for combining said hydrogen rich stream with said hydrogen lean stream to provide a blended and enriched hydrogen content stream for enhancing hydrocarbon production.
(a) means for generating syngas lean in hydrogen content;
(b) means for catalytically converting said syngas to produce hydrocarbons, containing at least naphtha;
(c) a hydrogen generator;
(d) circuit means for recycling naphtha to said hydrogen generator to form a hydrogen rich stream; and (e) circuit means for combining said hydrogen rich stream with said hydrogen lean stream to provide a blended and enriched hydrogen content stream for enhancing hydrocarbon production.
36. The system as set forth in claim 35, wlierein said means for generating syngas comprises a thermal gasifier.
37. The system as set forth in claim 35 or 36, wherein said means for catalytically converting said syngas comprises a Fischer-Tropsch reaction.
38. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 37, wherein said circuit means for recycling naphtha to said hydrogen generator comprises a recycle loop.
39. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 38, wherein said hydrogen generator comprises a member selected from the group consisting of a steam methane reformer and a autothermal reformer or a combination thereof.
40. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 39, wherein said circuit means for recycling naphtha to said hydrogen generator comprises a recycle loop for recycling naphtha into at least one of said SMR, said ATR, or a combination thereof.
41. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 40, wherein said hydrogen generator comprises an SMR and an ATR.
42. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 41, further including means for hydrocracking product exiting said means for catalytically converting said syngas.
43. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 42, further including means for fractionating hydrocracked product.
44. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 43, further including means for withdrawing energy from said system to act as a precursor for power generation.
45. The system as set forth in any one of claims 35 through 44, further including means for storing formulated enhanced hydrocarbon.
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| CA2731376A CA2731376C (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2011-02-11 | Enhancement of fischer-tropsch process for hydrocarbon fuel formulation |
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| CA2731376A CA2731376C (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2011-02-11 | Enhancement of fischer-tropsch process for hydrocarbon fuel formulation |
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