RU197191U1 - Digital chip for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “Digital chip for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1), on the front and back onah which formed figures (2), each of which is formed by elements (3) are configured as recesses that are separated from each other by webs; the front and back sides of the base (1) are the same and differ only in the mark located on the front side of the base (1), and on the end surface of the base (1) an eyelet (4) is made of a semicircular shape with a through hole. Thus, “Digital chip ”due to its structural elements provides the comfort and convenience of conducting long-term courses of group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients with neurological clinics and including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands. The announced “Digital Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the recovery process, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Thanks to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the “Digital Chip” can find a wide use in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of restorative education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychologist -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group classes allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on the restoration in patients of a neurological clinic of various types of memory, one of which is visual-spatial memory.

To conduct group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device "Digital simulator for group corrective-developing exercises and training visual-spatial memory" (RU 196450 U1 from 02.28.2020) is known.

Structurally, this device is a rectangular base, on the opposite end surfaces of which there are two handles, and on the surfaces of both sides of the base a series of numbers is made, each of which is formed by elements made in the form of recesses.

In the process of working with this device, one of the students paints water color markers of different colors on the elements of the numbers on one side of the base, after which the other student remembers the coloring of the elements of numbers and paints the colors of the numbers on the other side of the base with the corresponding colors.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory of the clinic is:

a) the need to constantly transfer the device during the class from one student to another;

b) the need to hold the device during class by the handle.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Quadrangular chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic” is known (RU 196218 U1 of 02.19.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of a quadrangular shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made, in which one of the patients enters an image, after which the other patient remembers this image and inscribes it in memory into the recess cell on the other side of the base.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is that it is designed to work with visual memory and is not intended to restore and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above simulators and devices, as well as to expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, a "Digital chip for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" (hereinafter referred to as "Digital Chip").

 The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients at the neurological clinic aimed at restoring and preventive training of visual-spatial memory;

b) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Digital Chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient’s hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from a horizontal surface;

c) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

d) providing the possibility of using the "Digital Chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

e) providing the possibility of conducting long-term courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

f) providing the possibility of conducting classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the elements of the figures are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

g) the simplicity of the design of the "Digital Chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the process of classes and is provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Digital Chip", providing comfort and convenience of long-term courses group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory from a wide okim contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Digital Chip" contains a flat plastic base, on the front and back sides of which are made numbers, each of which is formed by elements that are made in the form of recesses separated from each other by jumpers; the front and back sides of the base are the same and differ only in the mark located on the front side of the base, and a semicircular eye with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment, the “Digital Chips" base has a rectangle configuration.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Digital Chips" base has a circle configuration.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Digital Chip”, notches are made on the end surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Digital Chips" label has the shape of a rectangle.

In a preferred embodiment, "Digital Chips" on the surface of the recesses is coated with a white color.

The essence of the utility model "Digital chip for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 is a general view of the "Digital Chip" on the front side;

In FIG. 2 is a side view of the "Digital Chip".

The claimed "Digital chip" (see Fig. 1, 2) is a flat plastic base (1), on the front and back sides of which are made stylized numbers (2), each of which is formed by elements (3), which are made in the form of recesses intended for coloring the course of classes with easily washable water markers of different colors.

The word "digit" means one of the following ten characters (the so-called "Arabic numerals"): 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (Wikipedia. Numbers, found 01/01/2020 .on the Internet at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digits).

Arabic numerals - the traditional name of a set of ten characters used in most countries to record numbers in decimal notation (Wikipedia. Arabic numerals, found on 03/01/2020 on the Internet at: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki / Arabic numerals).

The dimensions of this particular “Digital Chip” indicated below are not signs narrowing the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The thickness of the base (1) of the "Digital Chip" is 4-8 mm.

Elements (3), forming numbers (2), are made in the form of recesses, 1-2 mm deep, which are separated from each other by jumpers 2-4 mm wide.

The number, shape and location of the elements (3) that make up each of the numbers (2) is determined by the structural features of the numbers (2) and the features of the elements themselves (3), which can have a different shape: rectangles, trapezoids, arched elements, etc.

So, for example, the number "7" can be formed by two elements (3), and the number "5" can be formed by four elements (see Fig. 1) of various shapes.

 Thus, the total number of elements (3) forming each digit (2) can be from two (for example, the number "7") to four (for example, the number "5") and more elements (3).

To increase the complexity of the task, the number of elements (3) forming the numbers (2) can be increased by separating the elements (3) of the numbers (2) with additional jumpers.

The number of digits (2) on each side of the base (1) is the same and amounts to 1-4 pieces, since with a larger number of digits, the base (1) of the “Digital Chip” becomes excessively wide and inconvenient for use during classes.

Moreover, the front and back sides of the base (1) are the same and differ only in the mark (6) applied to the front side of the base (1).

Thus, the design features of the elements (3) of the numbers (2), which are made in the form of recesses, provide the convenience of coloring them with water markers and make the training process accessible for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors. However, the small depth of the recesses does not prevent the removal of traces of water markers by means of a sponge designed to be erased.

The base (1) of the "Digital Chip" has the configuration of either a rectangle with rounded edges, sizes 40-80x30-60 mm, or a circle with a diameter of 40-80 mm.

On the end surface of the base (1), an eyelet (4) is made of a semicircular shape with a through hole.

"The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word ear, found on 01.03.2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The width of the eyelet (4) is 6-10 mm, and its thickness is 2-4 mm less than the thickness of the base (1) of the "Digital Chip".

The diameter of the eyelet through hole (4) is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (4) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) allows you to install a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Digital Chips" from a horizontal surface;

b) provides the possibility of threading a lace connecting several “Digital Chips” with each other, in the case of a group session with the simultaneous use of several “Digital Chips”.

For the convenience of lifting and holding the "Digital Chip" when it is turned over, notches (5) are made on the end surface of the base (1).

For the convenience of practicing patients with the "Digital Chip" on the front side of the base (1) there is a mark (6), which, for example, can be applied with dark paint and have the shape of a rectangle.

For better perception by patients of the colors of water markers, which are used to color elements (3) of numbers (2), a white coating is applied to the surface of the recesses.

Work with the utility model "Digital chip for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is carried out as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Further, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Digital Chip” located on the desktop by the edges of the base (1), using easily erasable multi-colored water markers, paints part or all of the elements (3) of one or more numbers (2) on the front side with different colors base (1), which is characterized in that it contains a label (6).

Next, the patient performing the task, within a specified time interval by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the colors of the painted elements (3) on the front side of the base (1), after which he turns the “Digital Chip” on the front side of the base (1) down and paints from memory with markers of similar colors corresponding elements (3) on the back of the base (1).

In case of difficulties, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the “Digital Chip” over, thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the assignment is carried out by directly comparing the colored elements (3) of the numbers (2) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of the “Digital Chip”.

Further, all traces of water markers are removed with a sponge designed to be erased, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated the number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group classes can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 5) "Digital Chips".

In this case, the patient, forming the task, paints in different colors part of the elements (3) of the numbers (2) on the front sides of the bases (1) of several "Digital Chips" located in a row on the surface of the desktop, after which the patient, performing the task, the course of the time set by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the colors and the location of the painted elements (3) of the numbers (2).

Further, the used “Digital Chips” are turned over and the patient performing the task should try to reproduce the colors of the painted elements (3) of the digits (2) by coloring the corresponding elements (3) of the numbers (2) on the backs of the used “Digital Chips” with memory markers of similar colors .

Verification of the correctness of the tasks is carried out by sequentially comparing the colored elements (3) of the numbers (2) on the front and back sides of the base (1) of each “Digital Chip”.

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Digital Chips”, a string connecting them to each other can be threaded through the eyelet (4) of each “Digital Chip”.

After mastering the work with the "Digital Chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

The effectiveness of the use of the “Digital Chip” during the classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is ensured by the fact that the social process influences the mental sphere of patients in a neurological clinic through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition and Other important is the fact that in the case of lack of motivation for classes in one patient group, he is prompted to classes from the other patient.

Along with classes in the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the "Digital Chip" is also intended for use during classes in the preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is a greater number of coloring elements (3) digits (2) and a shorter time interval for their memorization.

Also, the "Digital Chip" can also be used for classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have impaired counting operations during optical and optical-spatial acalculia.

In addition, the "Digital Chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired visual-spatial memory formation;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy adults who want to improve their visual-spatial memory;

e) as a souvenir product, for example, a keychain for keys or bags, providing the opportunity to exercise visual-spatial memory in various conditions.

Thus, the “Digital Chip for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” due to its structural elements provides the comfort and convenience of conducting long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of tremor of the hands.

The claimed “Digital Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the process of training, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Digital Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (6)

1. A digital chip for group training in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base, on the front and back sides of which are made numbers, each of which is formed by elements that are made in the form of recesses, separated from each other friend jumpers; the front and back sides of the base are the same and differ only in the mark located on the front side of the base, and a semicircular eye with a through hole is made on the end surface of the base. 2. A digital chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has a rectangle configuration. 3. The digital chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the base has a circle configuration. 4. A digital chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surface of the base. 5. The digital chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the label has the shape of a rectangle. 6. A digital chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a white color is coated on the surface of the recesses.

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