PH26861A - Method for preparing lithographically sensitive branched novolaks using a mannich base intermediate - Google Patents
Method for preparing lithographically sensitive branched novolaks using a mannich base intermediate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PH26861A PH26861A PH40380A PH40380A PH26861A PH 26861 A PH26861 A PH 26861A PH 40380 A PH40380 A PH 40380A PH 40380 A PH40380 A PH 40380A PH 26861 A PH26861 A PH 26861A
- Authority
- PH
- Philippines
- Prior art keywords
- phenol
- polymer
- preparing
- branched
- acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 title description 21
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 79
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 trimethyl-phenol resorcinol Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 8
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSYXXLMBRSSBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris(hydroxymethyl)phenol Chemical compound OCC1=CC(CO)=C(O)C(CO)=C1 LSYXXLMBRSSBGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A Natural products C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005207 1,3-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUNJCFABHJZSKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=O)C(O)=C1 IUNJCFABHJZSKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTMADXFOCUXMJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1O ZTMADXFOCUXMJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001209177 Akis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000631130 Chrysophyllum argenteum Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100030796 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase rififylin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710128004 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase rififylin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001658031 Eris Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283986 Lepus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000011102 Thera Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004985 dialkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWXDDNPPQUTEOV-FVGYRXGTSA-N methamphetamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN[C@@H](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 TWXDDNPPQUTEOV-FVGYRXGTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPRZOPQOBJRYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-hydroxybenzylamine Natural products NCC1=CC=CC=C1O KPRZOPQOBJRYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFHZKZSRXITVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxyphenbutazone Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HFHZKZSRXITVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001577 simple distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/10—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with phenol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/351,154 US4939229A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1989-05-12 | Method for preparing lithographically sensitive branched novolaks using a mannich base intermediate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PH26861A true PH26861A (en) | 1992-11-16 |
Family
ID=23379799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PH40380A PH26861A (en) | 1989-05-12 | 1990-04-17 | Method for preparing lithographically sensitive branched novolaks using a mannich base intermediate |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4939229A (pt) |
| EP (1) | EP0399691A3 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JPH0347820A (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR900018187A (pt) |
| CN (1) | CN1022690C (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU635929B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR9001952A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2014644A1 (pt) |
| FI (1) | FI902376A0 (pt) |
| IL (1) | IL94352A0 (pt) |
| MY (1) | MY105698A (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO902062L (pt) |
| PH (1) | PH26861A (pt) |
| ZA (1) | ZA903559B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5091282A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1992-02-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Alkali soluble phenol polymer photosensitive composition |
| CA2015721A1 (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-11-12 | Karen Ann Graziano | Method of using highly branched novolaks in photoresists |
| EP1035438A3 (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-20 | Shipley Company LLC | Phenolic resins and photoresist compositions comprising same |
| TWI263861B (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2006-10-11 | Shinetsu Chemical Co | Resist material and pattern forming method |
| KR100994818B1 (ko) * | 2002-03-04 | 2010-11-16 | 롬 앤드 하스 일렉트로닉 머트어리얼즈, 엘.엘.씨 | 단파장 이미지화용 네거티브 포토레지스트 |
| US6828383B2 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-12-07 | Occidental Petroleum | Phenolic modified resorcinolic resins for rubber compounding |
| US7425402B2 (en) * | 2003-08-13 | 2008-09-16 | Agfa Graphics, N.V. | Heat-sensitive lithographic printing plate precursor |
| US7205084B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2007-04-17 | Agfa-Gevaert | Heat-sensitive lithographic printing plate precursor |
| WO2016021594A1 (ja) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-02-11 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 芳香族メチロール化合物が反応したノボラック樹脂を含むレジスト下層膜形成組成物 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2147789A (en) * | 1936-05-29 | 1939-02-21 | Du Pont | Resins from aminophenols and formaldehyde |
| US2431011A (en) * | 1941-01-29 | 1947-11-18 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Corrosive inhibited additive for mineral lubricating oil composition |
| US2636019A (en) * | 1951-06-26 | 1953-04-21 | Research Corp | Ion exchange resins from a trifunctional phenol, formaldehyde and a mannich base made from a trifunctional phenol, formaldehyde and a dialkylamine, morpholine or piperidine |
| JPS57102960A (en) * | 1972-09-14 | 1982-06-26 | Yoshizaki Kozo | Production of thermosetting resin paint |
| EP0070624B1 (en) * | 1981-06-22 | 1986-11-20 | Philip A. Hunt Chemical Corporation | Novolak resin and a positive photoresist composition containing the same |
| JPS58101108A (ja) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-06-16 | Unitika Ltd | キレ−ト形成基を有するフエノ−ル樹脂とその製造方法及び吸着処理方法 |
| US4500691A (en) * | 1983-01-13 | 1985-02-19 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Phenol-novolaks containing amino groups |
| US4474929A (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1984-10-02 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polyglycidyl ethers of branched novolacs |
| US4468507A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1984-08-28 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method of limiting rate of heat evolution during acid-catalyzed phenol/polymethylolphenol condensations |
| SU1154297A1 (ru) * | 1984-01-04 | 1985-05-07 | Предприятие П/Я В-2304 | Герметизирующа порошкова композици |
| US4571374A (en) * | 1984-12-27 | 1986-02-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Multilayer dry-film positive-acting laminable photoresist with two photoresist layers wherein one layer includes thermal adhesive |
| EP0662636A3 (en) * | 1986-10-23 | 1995-11-22 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Imaging processes. |
| CA2015721A1 (en) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-11-12 | Karen Ann Graziano | Method of using highly branched novolaks in photoresists |
-
1989
- 1989-05-12 US US07/351,154 patent/US4939229A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-04-17 CA CA002014644A patent/CA2014644A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-04-17 PH PH40380A patent/PH26861A/en unknown
- 1990-04-26 BR BR909001952A patent/BR9001952A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-05-07 JP JP2117295A patent/JPH0347820A/ja active Pending
- 1990-05-09 EP EP19900304969 patent/EP0399691A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-05-10 AU AU54884/90A patent/AU635929B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-05-10 NO NO90902062A patent/NO902062L/no unknown
- 1990-05-10 IL IL94352A patent/IL94352A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-10 ZA ZA903559A patent/ZA903559B/xx unknown
- 1990-05-10 MY MYPI90000741A patent/MY105698A/en unknown
- 1990-05-11 KR KR1019900006667A patent/KR900018187A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-05-11 FI FI902376A patent/FI902376A0/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-05-12 CN CN90102765A patent/CN1022690C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2014644A1 (en) | 1990-11-12 |
| IL94352A0 (en) | 1991-03-10 |
| CN1047309A (zh) | 1990-11-28 |
| ZA903559B (en) | 1991-01-30 |
| MY105698A (en) | 1994-11-30 |
| JPH0347820A (ja) | 1991-02-28 |
| AU5488490A (en) | 1990-11-15 |
| NO902062L (no) | 1990-11-13 |
| CN1022690C (zh) | 1993-11-10 |
| KR900018187A (ko) | 1990-12-20 |
| EP0399691A2 (en) | 1990-11-28 |
| EP0399691A3 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
| BR9001952A (pt) | 1991-07-30 |
| US4939229A (en) | 1990-07-03 |
| AU635929B2 (en) | 1993-04-08 |
| FI902376A0 (fi) | 1990-05-11 |
| NO902062D0 (no) | 1990-05-10 |
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