NO323525B1 - Fremgangsmate ved impregnering eller ekstraherende behandling av et harpiksholdig tresubstrat - Google Patents
Fremgangsmate ved impregnering eller ekstraherende behandling av et harpiksholdig tresubstrat Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO323525B1 NO323525B1 NO20012279A NO20012279A NO323525B1 NO 323525 B1 NO323525 B1 NO 323525B1 NO 20012279 A NO20012279 A NO 20012279A NO 20012279 A NO20012279 A NO 20012279A NO 323525 B1 NO323525 B1 NO 323525B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- wood
- pressure
- resin
- chamber
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 67
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 30
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000218685 Tsuga Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005822 Propiconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005839 Tebuconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiconazole Chemical group O1C(CCC)COC1(C=1C(=CC(Cl)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 STJLVHWMYQXCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000218642 Abies Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007173 Abies balsamea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000379225 Abies procera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001482237 Pica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000218683 Pseudotsuga Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036445 liquid secretion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003171 wood protecting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940120693 copper naphthenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoate;3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC([O-])=O)CC1 SEVNKWFHTNVOLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010411 postconditioning Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
- B27K3/0285—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving the penetration of the impregnating fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
- B05D2401/90—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like at least one component of the composition being in supercritical state or close to supercritical state
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK199801455A DK199801455A (da) | 1998-11-10 | 1998-11-10 | Fremgangsmåde til imprægnering eller ekstrahering af et harpiksholdigt træsubstrat |
| PCT/DK1999/000600 WO2000027547A1 (en) | 1998-11-10 | 1999-11-04 | A method of performing an impregnating or extracting treatment on a resin-containing wood substrate |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO20012279D0 NO20012279D0 (no) | 2001-05-09 |
| NO20012279L NO20012279L (no) | 2001-07-10 |
| NO323525B1 true NO323525B1 (no) | 2007-06-04 |
Family
ID=8105016
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20012279A NO323525B1 (no) | 1998-11-10 | 2001-05-09 | Fremgangsmate ved impregnering eller ekstraherende behandling av et harpiksholdig tresubstrat |
Country Status (11)
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK199801456A (da) * | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-11 | Fls Miljoe A S | Fremgangsmåde til imprægnering eller ekstrahering af et harpiksholdigt træsubstrat |
| US20050037221A1 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2005-02-17 | Fox Roger F. | Penetration improvement of copper amine solutions into dried wood by addition of carbon dioxide |
| DE10302937A1 (de) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-05 | Häussermann GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zum Imprägnieren von Feststoffen mit einem flüssigen Imprägniermittel |
| US20080131666A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2008-06-05 | Fox Roger F | Penetration improvement of copper amine solutions into dried wood by addition of carbon dioxide |
| JP4167993B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-05 | 2008-10-22 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 薬剤含浸方法 |
| DK1799411T3 (da) * | 2004-09-30 | 2011-09-12 | Solvents Australia Pty Ltd | Impræneringsindretning og -fremgangsmåde |
| AU2005328560B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2011-09-01 | Carter Holt Harvey Wood Products Australia Pty Limited | Impregnation apparatus and method |
| EP2421685A2 (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2012-02-29 | VKR Holding A/S | Improved process for the treatment of a porous material |
| US9308667B2 (en) * | 2009-12-03 | 2016-04-12 | Superwood A/S | Method for increasing the water resistance of a porous material, compositions therefor and porous materials treated according to the method |
| EP2699623B1 (de) | 2011-04-18 | 2019-12-18 | Momentive Performance Materials GmbH | Funktionalisierte polyorganosiloxane oder silane zur behandlung von lignocellulosischen werkstoffen |
| WO2014111514A1 (de) | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Dwi An Der Rwth Aachen E.V. | Behandlung von kristallinen cellulosehaltigen substraten |
| EP3065923A1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2016-09-14 | Superwood A/S | A method for liquid treatment of a wood species |
| US20230050826A1 (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2023-02-16 | Thomas Alexander MEYER | Method and apparatus for producing cannabis smoke resin |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4172829A (en) | 1978-05-09 | 1979-10-30 | Bristol-Myers Company | 2,9-Disubstituted adenine derivatives and their use as non-adrenergic bronchodilators |
| JPS59101311A (ja) * | 1982-11-30 | 1984-06-11 | 日本酸素株式会社 | 木材の防腐処理法 |
| US5041192A (en) | 1988-09-16 | 1991-08-20 | University Of South Florida | Supercritical delignification of wood |
| US4992308A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1991-02-12 | University Of South Florida | Supercritical fluid-aided treatment of porous materials |
| US5094892A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1992-03-10 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method of perfusing a porous workpiece with a chemical composition using cosolvents |
| US5074958A (en) * | 1990-10-12 | 1991-12-24 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Method for removing polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans and stickies from secondary fibers using supercritical propane solvent extraction |
| CA2064147A1 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-09-28 | Chinsoo Lee | Chemical reaction suppression system |
| KR930019861A (ko) * | 1991-12-12 | 1993-10-19 | 완다 케이. 덴슨-로우 | 조밀상 기체를 이용한 코팅 방법 |
| DE4202320A1 (de) * | 1992-01-29 | 1993-08-05 | Dierk Dr Knittel | Verfahren zum impraegnieren von substraten |
| DE4223029C2 (de) * | 1992-07-15 | 1996-12-05 | Biopract Gmbh | Verfahren zur extraktiven Entfernung von Teerölen aus imprägnierten Alt- und Resthölzern |
| US5364475A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1994-11-15 | State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State University | Process for removing chemical preservatives from wood using supercritical fluid extraction |
| DE4404839A1 (de) * | 1994-02-16 | 1995-08-17 | Deutsches Textilforschzentrum | Verfahren zum Aufbringen oder Einbringen von Substanzen auf bzw. in Substrate und/oder Imprägnierung von Substraten |
| US5843311A (en) | 1994-06-14 | 1998-12-01 | Dionex Corporation | Accelerated solvent extraction method |
| US5660727A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1997-08-26 | Dionex Corporation | Automated analyte supercritical fluid extraction apparatus |
| US5476975A (en) * | 1994-07-08 | 1995-12-19 | Ruddick; John N. R. | Extraction of toxic organic contaminants from wood and photodegradation of toxic organic contaminants |
| FR2754464B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-14 | 1998-10-30 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede et installation d'extraction de composes organiques et/ou inorganiques du bois par un fluide supercritique |
| DK199801456A (da) | 1998-11-10 | 2000-05-11 | Fls Miljoe A S | Fremgangsmåde til imprægnering eller ekstrahering af et harpiksholdigt træsubstrat |
-
1998
- 1998-11-10 DK DK199801455A patent/DK199801455A/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-11-04 AU AU10317/00A patent/AU744833B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-11-04 NZ NZ511925A patent/NZ511925A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-04 AT AT99953730T patent/ATE297263T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-04 DE DE69925756T patent/DE69925756D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-04 CA CA2350799A patent/CA2350799C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-04 EE EEP200100249A patent/EE04560B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-04 EP EP99953730A patent/EP1146969B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-04 US US09/831,604 patent/US6517907B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-04 WO PCT/DK1999/000600 patent/WO2000027547A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2001
- 2001-05-09 NO NO20012279A patent/NO323525B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EE04560B1 (et) | 2005-12-15 |
| DE69925756D1 (de) | 2005-07-14 |
| CA2350799A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
| DK173290B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 2000-06-13 |
| NZ511925A (en) | 2002-11-26 |
| EE200100249A (et) | 2002-12-16 |
| AU1031700A (en) | 2000-05-29 |
| ATE297263T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
| NO20012279D0 (no) | 2001-05-09 |
| DK199801455A (da) | 2000-05-11 |
| EP1146969B1 (en) | 2005-06-08 |
| NO20012279L (no) | 2001-07-10 |
| CA2350799C (en) | 2010-11-02 |
| AU744833B2 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
| WO2000027547A1 (en) | 2000-05-18 |
| US6517907B1 (en) | 2003-02-11 |
| EP1146969A1 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM1K | Lapsed by not paying the annual fees |