NO308246B1 - Silikasol, fremgangsmÕte for fremstilling derav, samt fremgangsmÕte ved fremstilling av papir. - Google Patents
Silikasol, fremgangsmÕte for fremstilling derav, samt fremgangsmÕte ved fremstilling av papir. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO308246B1 NO308246B1 NO921848A NO921848A NO308246B1 NO 308246 B1 NO308246 B1 NO 308246B1 NO 921848 A NO921848 A NO 921848A NO 921848 A NO921848 A NO 921848A NO 308246 B1 NO308246 B1 NO 308246B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sol
- range
- cationic
- surface area
- silica
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 15
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 8
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- -1 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 3
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000962 poly(amidoamine) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000371 poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical class Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008131 herbal destillate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/146—After-treatment of sols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
- D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/14—Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols
- C01B33/146—After-treatment of sols
- C01B33/149—Coating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
- D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
- D21H17/29—Starch cationic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
- D21H17/375—Poly(meth)acrylamide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
- D21H17/45—Nitrogen-containing groups
- D21H17/455—Nitrogen-containing groups comprising tertiary amine or being at least partially quaternised
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE8903753A SE500387C2 (sv) | 1989-11-09 | 1989-11-09 | Silikasoler, förfarande för framställning av silikasoler samt användning av solerna i pappersframställning |
| PCT/SE1990/000689 WO1991007350A1 (en) | 1989-11-09 | 1990-10-24 | Silica sols, a process for the production of silica sols and use of the sols |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO921848D0 NO921848D0 (no) | 1992-05-11 |
| NO921848L NO921848L (no) | 1992-05-11 |
| NO308246B1 true NO308246B1 (no) | 2000-08-21 |
Family
ID=20377425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO921848A NO308246B1 (no) | 1989-11-09 | 1992-05-11 | Silikasol, fremgangsmÕte for fremstilling derav, samt fremgangsmÕte ved fremstilling av papir. |
Country Status (24)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5368833A (lv) |
| EP (1) | EP0491879B1 (lv) |
| JP (1) | JPH04505314A (lv) |
| KR (1) | KR950005762B1 (lv) |
| CN (1) | CN1052770C (lv) |
| AR (1) | AR243851A1 (lv) |
| AT (1) | ATE107608T1 (lv) |
| AU (1) | AU628692B2 (lv) |
| BR (1) | BR9007822A (lv) |
| CA (1) | CA2067506C (lv) |
| DE (2) | DE69010210T4 (lv) |
| DK (1) | DK0491879T3 (lv) |
| ES (1) | ES2055581T3 (lv) |
| FI (1) | FI96942C (lv) |
| GE (1) | GEP19981000B (lv) |
| LT (1) | LT3224B (lv) |
| LV (1) | LV10227B (lv) |
| NO (1) | NO308246B1 (lv) |
| NZ (1) | NZ235963A (lv) |
| PT (1) | PT95849B (lv) |
| RU (1) | RU2068809C1 (lv) |
| SE (1) | SE500387C2 (lv) |
| UA (1) | UA29420C2 (lv) |
| WO (1) | WO1991007350A1 (lv) |
Families Citing this family (151)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5593929A (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1997-01-14 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Ultraviolet absorbing green tinted glass |
| SE502192C2 (sv) * | 1990-12-11 | 1995-09-11 | Eka Nobel Ab | Upplösningsförfarande avsett för en lösning innehållande höghaltjoniserad stärkelse |
| SE9003954L (sv) * | 1990-12-11 | 1992-06-12 | Eka Nobel Ab | Saett foer framstaellning av ark- eller banformiga cellulosafiberinnehaallande produkter |
| EP0592572B1 (en) * | 1991-07-02 | 1998-01-14 | Eka Chemicals AB | A process for the manufacture of paper |
| SE506919C2 (sv) * | 1991-11-08 | 1998-03-02 | Munters Ab Carl | Förfarande för behandling av en kontaktkropp för utbyte av värme, fukt eller liknande |
| US5648055A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1997-07-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for preparing low-concentration polyaluminosilicate microgels |
| US5503820A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1996-04-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for preparing low-concentration polysilicate microgels |
| US5980836A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1999-11-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Apparatus for preparing low-concentration polyaluminosilicate microgels |
| US5279807A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1994-01-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method for preparing low-concentration polysilicate microgels |
| SE501214C2 (sv) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-12-12 | Eka Nobel Ab | Silikasol samt förfarande för framställning av papper under användande av solen |
| SE501216C2 (sv) * | 1992-08-31 | 1994-12-12 | Eka Nobel Ab | Vattenhaltig, stabil suspension av kolloidala partiklar samt framställning och användning av densamma |
| US6977065B1 (en) * | 1993-10-07 | 2005-12-20 | Degussa Ag | Precipitated silicas |
| US5707494A (en) * | 1994-03-14 | 1998-01-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing water soluble polyaluminosilicates |
| US5846506A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1998-12-08 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Precipitated silicas |
| SE9404201D0 (sv) * | 1994-12-02 | 1994-12-02 | Eka Nobel Ab | Sizing dispersions |
| US5571494A (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1996-11-05 | J. M. Huber Corporation | Temperature-activated polysilicic acids |
| SE9501769D0 (sv) * | 1995-05-12 | 1995-05-12 | Eka Nobel Ab | A process for the production of paper |
| US5846384A (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1998-12-08 | Eka Chemicals Ab | Process for the production of paper |
| SE9502522D0 (sv) * | 1995-07-07 | 1995-07-07 | Eka Nobel Ab | A process for the production of paper |
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| JP2683548B2 (ja) * | 1988-12-27 | 1997-12-03 | 出光石油化学株式会社 | ポリプロピレン樹脂組成物 |
| US5240561A (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-08-31 | Industrial Progress, Inc. | Acid-to-alkaline papermaking process |
-
1989
- 1989-11-09 SE SE8903753A patent/SE500387C2/sv unknown
-
1990
- 1990-10-24 ES ES91900406T patent/ES2055581T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-24 DE DE69010210T patent/DE69010210T4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-24 UA UA94020488A patent/UA29420C2/uk unknown
- 1990-10-24 CA CA002067506A patent/CA2067506C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-24 RU SU925052291A patent/RU2068809C1/ru active
- 1990-10-24 AT AT91900406T patent/ATE107608T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-10-24 KR KR1019920700990A patent/KR950005762B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-10-24 AU AU67334/90A patent/AU628692B2/en not_active Expired
- 1990-10-24 JP JP2515829A patent/JPH04505314A/ja active Granted
- 1990-10-24 WO PCT/SE1990/000689 patent/WO1991007350A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-10-24 US US07/855,647 patent/US5368833A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-24 EP EP91900406A patent/EP0491879B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-10-24 BR BR909007822A patent/BR9007822A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-10-24 DK DK91900406.9T patent/DK0491879T3/da active
- 1990-10-24 DE DE69010210A patent/DE69010210D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-01 AR AR90318271A patent/AR243851A1/es active
- 1990-11-05 NZ NZ235963A patent/NZ235963A/en unknown
- 1990-11-09 PT PT95849A patent/PT95849B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-05-06 FI FI922056A patent/FI96942C/fi active
- 1992-05-11 NO NO921848A patent/NO308246B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-11 LV LVP-92-292A patent/LV10227B/xx unknown
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1993
- 1993-03-19 LT LTIP445A patent/LT3224B/lt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-07-31 GE GEAP19931340A patent/GEP19981000B/en unknown
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1994
- 1994-06-27 US US08/265,785 patent/US5643414A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-01-10 CN CN95101155A patent/CN1052770C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| MK1K | Patent expired |