LU102422B1

LU102422B1 - Seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beach and its application

Info

Publication number: LU102422B1
Application number: LU102422A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Juanjuan Liu; Wanli Zhao; Qian Cui; Jiangbao Xia; Ping Liu; Guixia Wang
Original assignee: Univ Binzhou
Priority date: 2020-06-18
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2021-08-04
Also published as: WO2021253678A1; CN111587628A

Abstract

A seed capturing device for in saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches and its application. The seed catching device for coastal beach saline-alkali bare land includes a fixed support in a trumpet shape, a top is arched, the other three sides are flat, and a bottom edge of the fixed support is evenly installed with inserted nails; a capturing net is constructed in the fixed support, and an upper side of an front end of the capture net is provided with a shed brim; the bottom of the capturing net and a noninterference part of the land are evenly distributed with biochar packs covered with soil , and the total area of the biochar pack is 8-15% area of the bottom of the capturing net. The present disclosure significantly changes the roughness of ground, regulates the migration of water and salt, improves the soil monomer nutrient element conditions.

Description

Description SEED CAPTURING DEVICE FOR SALINE-ALKALI BARE

LAND IN COASTAL BEACH AND ITS APPLICATION TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of improving the environment of coastal beaches, in particular to a seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches and its application.

BACKGROUND

[0002] In the coastal saline-alkali area of the muddy coast, the secondary salinization of the soil is severe due to the shallow groundwater level and its high degree of salinity; meanwhile, the surface is flat and plant seeds are difficult to be captured in the soil, resulting in large area of spotty barc patch in coastal saline alkali area. In the bare patch area, there is no vegetation cover on the ground, the evaporation is large, and the surface salt accumulation is serious, which makes it difficult for the vegetation on the bare patch land in the saline-alkali arca to colonize and seed germination. With the passage of time, the area of the bare patch showed an increasing trend from small to large.

[0003] In order to change the situation that there are few plants in the coastal saline-alkali bare patch plots and it is difficult to plant seeds, a plant seed capturing device is constructed, and on this basis, the technology to improve the micro-habitat soil nutrition in the capture arca is developed to achieve the rich saline-alkali bare patch capture area. The establishment of a plant seed bank and the establishment of pioneer plant communities has become an urgent problem to be solved, so as to further improve the vegetation coverage of coastal saline-alkali land and accelerate the recovery process of coastal saline-alkali bare patch plant communities.

SUMMARY

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present disclosure 1 provides a seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches with reasonable design, improving soil conditions and increasing seed retention rate and its application.

[0005] The present disclosure is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches, comprising a fixed support: the fixed support is in a trumpet shape, a top is arched, and the other three sides are flat, and the fixed support is evenly installed with inserted nails on a bottom edge; the fixed support is constructed with a capturing net, and an upper side of a front end of the capturing net is provided with a shed brim; a bottom of the capturing net and an noninterference part of the land are evenly distributed with biochar packs, the biochar packs are covered with soil, and a total area of the biochar packs is 8-15% area of the bottom of the capture net.

[0007] By the setting of the biochar micro-environment to improve soil and the seed capturing devices, the present disclosure improves increases the soil N, P and other nutrient elements content within the capture area, captures vegetation seeds such as shrubs and herbs, and provides for the retention and storage condition of scashore saline-alkali seeds: Realize the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties within the capture area, which is conducive to seed germination and seedling growth, so as to improve the vegetation coverage and plant productivity of the coastal beach.

[0008] The more optimal technical scheme of the present disclosure is:

[0009] The fixed support has a length of 50-60em, a front opening width of 40cm, an arch height of 31-35cm, and an inserted nail length of 10cm; which is used to fix the entire capturing device.

[0010] Holes of a net in the bottom of the capture net have a diameter of 2.0 cm, and holes of nets the other three sides have diameter of less than 0.5 mm, which are small and dense, and the seeds are not easy to lose after being captured, Holes of a net in the bottom are large and are used to increase the soil surface roughness. Improve the dispersion of seeds in the capturing device.

[0011] The biochar pack is 5em in length, Sem in width, and 3mm in thickness; a packaging material of the biochar pack is a non-woven fabric, and its internal material is a mixture of EM bacteria and biomass charcoal with a mass ratio of 3:7, 10-12g per 2 pack; the total area of the biochar packs is 10% area of the bottom of the capturing net, which can improve soil aeration and soil nutrients.

[0012] A height of the shed brim (4) is 5-8 em. [t can shield the captured seeds and facilitate the seeds to fall and store.

[0013] The biomass charcoal is made by pyrolysis of tamarisk branches and leaves in muffle furnace after cleaned, cut, dried, crushed and sieved.

[0014] Specifically, the preparation steps are: the tamarisk branches and leaves are washed with deionized water and cut to 2-3 cm, and dried in an oven at 65°C for 48h, pulverized with a grinder, passed through a 2mm sieve, and sealed as for later use: then placed in a porcelain crucible and pyrolyzed it in a muffle furnace at 400°C for 1 hour to prepare biochar; the biomass charcoal is cleaned and dried with deionized water, then packed and sealed for storage.

[0015] An application of the seed capturing device is: in an early maturation period of plant seed saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches, the seed capturing device is installed on a saline-alkali bare patch, the net opening is set according to the conventional eight-directional wind direction, and the distance between the individual devices is 2.0-2.5m; the capturing concaves are excavated at random intervals at the bottom of the seed capturing device, and the blocking convexs are stacked at random intervals, and the capturing concaves control and interfere 30-35% arca of the bottom | 20 area of the capturing net, the convex blocking control and interfere 25-30% area of the bottom surface area of the capturing net.

[0016] After 1-2 years, the seed capturing device will be weathered naturally, and together with the germinating and planting plants, the roughness of the ground surface will be further changed, and it will play the role of naturally intercepting plant seeds.

[0017] A depth of the capturing concave is 10 cm, and a stacking height of the blocking convex is 15-20 cm.

[0018] Preferably, the fixed frame of the seed catching device employs tamarisk branches with a thickness of 1.0-1.2cm, and the material of the capturing net is made of reeds with a thickness of 0.5-0.8cm and the above-ground parts of spartina alterniflora. The above-ground parts are harvested. After soaking in clean water for 5-8h, weave 3 tocapturing net; it is made by local materials, improve the utilization efficiency of local plant resources, and effectively control the invasion of spartina alterniflora.

[0019] The present disclosure has a reasonable design, significantly changes the surface roughness, regulates the migration of water and salt, effectively improves the nutrient element conditions of the soil monomer, has good seed retention effects, and significantly improves the preservation rate of shrub and grass seedlings and the vegetation coverage rate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present disclosure will be further explained below with reference to the drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the front structure of the present disclosure:

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present disclosure:

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5 is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of Tamarix based biochar at 10000 times;

[0026] Figure 6 is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of Tamarix based biochar at 2000 times;

[0027] Figure 7 is a SEM scanning electron microscope image of Tamarix based biochar at 200 times;

[0028] Figure 8 is the FTIR spectrum of Tamarix based biochar;

[0029] Figure 9 is the XRD pattern of Tamarix-based biochar;

[0030] Figure 10 is a comparison diagram of the effect of Tamarix-based biochar on the effective phosphorus content of soils with different salinities;

[0031] Figure 11 is a comparison diagram of the effect of Tamarix-based biochar on ammonia nitrogen in different salinity soils.

[0032] In the picture, 1 fixed support, 2 capturing net, 3 biochar pack, 4 shed brim.

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DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the following further describes the present disclosure in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] (1) Main habitat characteristics of the implementation area

[0036] There arc many types of native vegetation in the coastal saline-alkali land of muddy coastal zone, including tamarisk, suacda, reed and other vegetation types. Coastal beach area with bare spots, the terrain is flat. During the main salinization period in spring and autumn, the salt content of 10cm soil is between 1.5% and 2.0%: in the non-salt period, the salt content of 10cm soil is between 0.7% and 1.2%. The habitat for the implementation of the present disclosure, in the muddy coastal zone, the coastal beach soil is in a moderately to severely saline-alkali bare spot area, the salt content of 10cm soil is between 0.6% and 1.6%. and In a range of 3-5km around the salt-alkali bare spot there is some vegetation community has a certain potential source of seeds.

[0037] (2) Research and development technology of seed capturing device

[0038] The seed capturing device mainly consists of four parts (as shown in Figure 1-4), which are the fixed support 1, the capturing net 2, the biochar pack 3, and the shed brim 4.

[0039] Fixed support 1: Mainly used to fix the entire capturing device, fixed support 1 is 50-60cm in length, 40cm in width, 30-35cm in arch height, and 10cm in height of ground inserted nails.

[0040] Capturing net 2: The specifications of the capturing net 2, has a height of 30-35cm, external net <0.5mm, the holes of bottom net are relatively sparse, and the hole is about 2.0cm. Main functions: The hole of outer net is small and dense, and the seeds are not easy to lose after being captured; the hole of bottom net is larger, which is used to increase the surface roughness of the soil and improve the dispersion of seeds in the capturing device. 5

[0041] The setting technology of the surface roughness of the bottom of the capturing net 2: The bottom of the net needs to be excavated at random capturing concaves with a depth of about 10cm. the total area of the bottom of the capturing net 2controlled and interfered by the capturing concaves is 30%-35%, meanwhile random blocking convex with different heights of 15-20cm are stacked, the blocking convex control and interfere 25%-30% area of the bottom area of the capturing net 2: the capturing concave, blocking convex biochar pack and the bottom surface of the net together change the surface roughness. It can form micro-topography habitats with different surface roughness, and can form micro-habitats appropriate for germination and growth after seeds are captured.

[0042] Biochar pack 3: Biochar pack 3 specifications: length Scm, width Sem, thickness 3mm. The material configuration of biochar pack 3 is EM bacteria and biomass charcoal, and the mass ratio is 3:7, and each pack is 10-12g; the biomass charcoal is made with local native plant Tamarix as the main raw material. Place the biochar pack 3 at the bottom of the capturing net 2, the specific location is the capturing concave and the non-interference flat ground, the biochar pack 3 is covered with 2-3em thick soil, and the total layout area accounts for 10% of the bottom area of the capturing net (about 4-5 biochar packs 3) to improve soil aeration and increase soil nutrients.

[0043] Shed brim 4: Correspondingly set on the upper side of the front end of the capturing net 2 with a height of 5-8 cm, which can shield the captured seeds and facilitate to fall and store of the seeds.

[0044] (3) Degradable materials required for seed capturing devices

[0045] In order to realize the utilization of local materials, improve the utilization efficiency of local plant resources, and effectively control the invasion of spartina alterniflora. The raw materials of the seed capturing device employs the above-ground part of the local native plant material reed and the invasive plant spartina alterniflora, the thickness of the net rope is 0.5-0.8cm; the fixed support 1 part employs the local raw material tamarisk branches, the branch thickness is 1.0-1.2cm; After soaking above- ground part of the harvested reeds and spartina alterniflora in clean water for 5-8 hours, they can be woven according to the specifications and parameters of the set 6 capturing device.

[0046] (4) Planting technology of seed capturing device

[0047] In August to September, in the early period of plant seed maturation in the saline-alkali area on the muddy coast, the seed capturing device should be placed on the saline-alkali bare patch plot. The network port needs to be set according to the conventional eight-directional wind direction, and the interval between individual devices is 2.0-2.5 m, After 1-2 years, the seed interception device will be weathered naturally, which will further change the roughness of the ground surface together with the germinating and planting plants, and play the role of naturally intercepting plant seeds.

[0048] (5) Biochar pack 3 preparation technology

[0049] The tamarisk branches and leaves are carefully cleaned with deionized water and cut to 2-3 em. They are dried in an oven at 65°C for 48 hours, ground by a grinding mill, and sealed for use after passing through a 2mm sieve. Weigh a sample of a certain quality in a porcelain crucible and put it in a muffle furnace at 400°C for pyrolysis for | hour to ensure sufficient reaction time to make the pyrolysis complete. The prepared biochar is repeatedly washed with deionized water until the salt is completely removed, dried and packed and stored as the main component of the biochar pack 3. The packaging material of the biochar pack 3 is made of non-woven fabric, which can be degraded naturally, and its components are harmless after degradation.

[0050] Example 2: The surface morphology and functional group analysis of Tamarix-based biochar

[0051] (1) Surface topography (SEM) analysis

[0052] From the scanning electron micrographs 5-7, it can be seen that the surface of the tamarisk biomass charcoal manufactured at 400°C is not smooth, showing a hilly bumpy surface morphology. and there are basically no cracks and pores on the surface, and the surface is bumpy and has rich internal pore structure.

[0053] (2) Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis

[0054] It can be seen from Figure 8 that the infrared spectrum absorption peaks of tamarisk-based biomass charcoal are around 615, 673, 1128, 1593, 2920, and 3402 7 envi. In acklition, there arc several continuous small peaks ar 768.83 ew and {34S.1dé3em". From the analysis of the Infiwred specie In Figure 8, 1 can be seen that 400°C Tamarix fiomass carbon maiiiy contains functional groups such as rite groups, secondary amines, lortiary amines, phenolic hydroxyi groups, and armmatie groups FOREST (31 NRD analysis (00881 Tumarix is 9 saft-rrecretine plant, ami le cells cortais à lot of soit Ne diffraction pattem contains obvious diffraction peaks. Compared with noresait-sopreting plans, the number of diffraction peaks iv large and the intensity is greater The diffraction pattern ia sbunlar to that of activatsd carbon acfivated by sait, which aise mdivates that mort salt renuaine on the surface. (005771 As chosen in Figure © the temariak-baned Biomass charcosi wodused a 400°C has two relatively wide acromions near 2%28° and 24455, indicate that the tamarisk biomass charcoai prepared af 400°C belongs fo grapluly microcryatals, (HF crested plans, indivating that it contains chaotle layered graphite-Hke orestal strut, [BOSE] Exumple 1: The affect of bocher costing materials on soll available phosphorus and ammania nitrogen with different salinity

[0058] The soil is the Yellow River Delta coastal saline soil, the soif pH is £1203, the initial saiinity 3.34%, the total phosphorus is 252g, the available phosphorus SO is 20 Emeke, and the ammonla nitrogen is 30Tmeke The hivcher pack marcel configuration is EM bacteria end Ionass charcoal with à mass ratio of ET, The prepared microbial Mochar pack material is mixed with the soil nt an addition walle of 2% The soll saliplly eimulates moderais in Savere saiine-dikeit soll, the salinity Is adjusted with NaCl and the satiruty ie set to 0,57, 0.880, LU, 1480, and 1754, Plage each treatment group fin an artificiel climate box at à temperature of 28°C and à trestment thine of 40 days, The results ave shown in Figure Hand Figure 11, (00601 The sale soil added with biomasse charcoal pack has à significant increaxe In aväiiside phosphore content, There was ni significant difference. in te available phosphorgs content between different salinities (P2008) In heavily saline soil, He available phosphorus content of 0.8% sallaits increased to 38 Sémeke, which was an inéresse of SHANE compared with the centrot which significantly inorcaxed the 8 available phosphorus content in saline-alkali soils and provided sufficient phosphorus for plants.

[0061] The addition of biomass charcoal materials can significantly increase the ammonia nitrogen content of saline soil. As the salinity increases from moderate 10 severe, the increasing trend of salinity is very significant. There is no significant difference in the soil ammonia nitrogen content at 0.5%-1.1% salinity (P>0.05); when the salinity increases to 1.4%. The ammonia nitrogen content was as high as

28.83mg/kg, the difference was significant (P<0.05); while the salinity increased to

1.7%, the ammonia nitrogen content increased significantly, reaching 37.37mg/kg.

[0062] In summary, the biochar pack material prepared at 400°C with the ratio of tamarisk-based biomass charcoal and EM bacteria can significantly increase the content of soil ammonia nitrogen and available phosphorus, and these two substances are essential nutrients for plant growth and development.

[0063] Example 4: Analysis of the effect of field implementation

[0064] (1) Soil NP nutrient conditions are improved

[0065] After the seed capturing device is installed, due to the rope thickness of the capturing concaves, the blocking convexs and the capturing net itself, the surface roughness is significantly changed, and the migration of water and salt is regulated; combined with the use of the micro biochar pack. The soil water content of the capturing concave is increased by 15%-20%, the salt content is excessively concentrated on the top surface of the blocking convexs, and the salt content is about 7% higher than that of the original flat area; there is a biochar pack covered area, and the soil available N and P nutrient content increases 20%-24%, provides the nutrients needed in the initial stage for plant seed germination and growth.

[0066] (2) The effect of seed interception is good, and the preservation rate of shrub grass seedlings and vegetation coverage are significantly improved

[0067] After the coastal beach saline-alkali bare-spot capturing device is installed, it can better retain and store plant seeds in the surrounding area relying on the force formed by water current and wind, capturing concaves and flat areas where the biochar pack is installed, and form typical halophytes native plants such as tamarisk, reeds and alkali canopy. The preservation rate of seedlings in the entire capturing device area is 9

72%-85%, and the vegetation coverage rate can reach 20%-30% in 2-3 years. With the SE capturing device as the center, a patchy vegetation restoration area with an expanding area is formed, which significantly improves the vegetation coverage on the surface.

[0068] The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure in further detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. 10

Claims

1. À seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches, comprising a fixed support (1). characterized in that: the fixed support (1) is in a trumpet shape, a top is arched, and the other three sides are flat, and the fixed support {1} is evenly installed with inserted nails on a bottom edge: the fixed support (1} is constructed with a capturing net (2), and an upper side of a front end of the capturing net (2) is provided with a shed brim (4): a bottom of the capturing net (2) and an noninterference part of the land are evenly distributed with biochar packs (3), the biochar packs (3) are covered with soil, and a total area of the biochar packs (3) is 8-15% area of the bottom of the capture net (2).

2. The seed catching device for coastal beach saline-alkali bare land according to claim I, characterized in that: the fixed support (1) is 50-60cm in length, 40cm in front opening width, 31-35em in arch height, and inserted nail length 10cm.

3. The seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches according to claim 1, characterized in that: holes of a net in the bottom of the capture net (2) have a diameter of 2.0 cm, and holes of nets the other three sides have diameter of less than

0.5 mm.

4. The seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches according to claim |, characterized in that: the biochar pack (3) is Sem in length, 5cm in width, and 3mm in thickness; a packaging material of the biochar pack (3) is a non-woven fabric, and its internal material is a mixture of EM bacteria and biomass charcoal with a mass ratio of 3:7, 10-12g per pack; the total area of the biochar packs (3) is 10% arca of the bottom of the capturing net (2).

5. The seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches according to claim |, wherein a height of the shed brim (4) is 5-8 cm.

6. The seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches according to claim 4, characterized in that: the biomass charcoal is made by pyrolysis of tamarisk branches and leaves in muffle furnace after cleaned, cut, dried. crushed and sieved.

7. The seed capturing device for saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches according to claim 6, characterized in that: the tamarisk branches and leaves are washed with 11 deionized water and cut to 2-3 cm, and dried in an oven at 65°C for 48h, pulverized with a grinder, passed through a 2mm sieve, and sealed as for later use; then placed in a porcelain crucible and pyrolyzed it in a muffle furnace at 400°C for | hour to prepare biochar; the biomass charcoal is cleaned and dried with deionized water, then packed and sealed for storage.

8. An application of the seed capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in an early maturation period of plant seed saline-alkali bare land in coastal beaches, the seed capturing device is installed on a saline-alkali bare patch, the net opening is set according to the conventional eight-directional wind direction, and the distance between the individual devices is 2.0-2.5m; the capturing concaves are excavated at random intervals at the bottom of the seed capturing device, and the blocking convexs are stacked at random intervals, and the capturing concaves control and interfere 30-35% area of the bottom area of the capturing net , blocking the convex to control and interfere 25-30% area of the bottom surface area of the capturing net.

9. The application of the seed capturing device according to claim 8, wherein a depth of the capturing concave is 10 cm, and a stacking height of the blocking convex is 15-20 cm.

10. The application of the seed capturing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the fixed support of the seed capturing device employs tamarisk branches with a thickness of 1.0-1.2¢m, and a material of the capturing net is above-ground parts of reeds and spartina alterniflora with a thickness of 0.5-0.8 cm, which are harvested and soaked in clean water for 5-8 hours and then woven into a capturing net.

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