CN115088471B - Comprehensive treatment machine for invasive plant spartina alterniflora - Google Patents

Comprehensive treatment machine for invasive plant spartina alterniflora Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115088471B
CN115088471B CN202210765654.8A CN202210765654A CN115088471B CN 115088471 B CN115088471 B CN 115088471B CN 202210765654 A CN202210765654 A CN 202210765654A CN 115088471 B CN115088471 B CN 115088471B
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crushing
harvesting
ploughing
spartina alterniflora
frame
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CN202210765654.8A
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CN115088471A (en
Inventor
陈爱华
马元庆
宋秀凯
何健龙
姜长安
姜向阳
刘丽娟
郑延璇
尚国栋
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Rushan Marine And Fishery Monitoring And Disaster Reduction Center
Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute
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Rushan Marine And Fishery Monitoring And Disaster Reduction Center
Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/10—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for crushing or bruising the mown crop
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D43/00—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing
    • A01D43/06—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for collecting, gathering or loading mown material
    • A01D43/063—Mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations while mowing with means for collecting, gathering or loading mown material in or into a container carried by the mower; Containers therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
    • A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
    • A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/40—Monitoring or fighting invasive species

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine, which belongs to ecological environment treatment equipment, and comprises a frame provided with a travelling mechanism, wherein one end of the frame facing the operation direction is provided with a harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism for harvesting, crushing and collecting the spartina alterniflora earth surface part in sequence, one end of the frame facing away from the operation direction is provided with a turning, crushing, pesticide application and burying integrated mechanism for turning, crushing, pesticide application and burying the spartina alterniflora earth surface stubble part and the underground root system part in sequence, and a conveying mechanism and a packaging mechanism are arranged between the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism and the turning, pesticide application and burying integrated mechanism; after mowing is finished, the crushed aggregates are packaged and transported outwards, so that the problems of crushed aggregate accumulation pollution and easy scattering and recurrence of seeds are avoided, meanwhile, the spraying and ploughing processes are combined, the risk that large-area pesticide application is difficult to accurately identify and other green vegetation growing areas are affected can be effectively avoided, and the physical and chemical methods are combined, so that the treatment effect of spartina alterniflora can be remarkably improved.

Description

Comprehensive treatment machine for invasive plant spartina alterniflora
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment treatment equipment, in particular to an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine.
Background
The alternanthera philoxeroides is produced on the east coast of North America and the gulf of Mexico, is a perennial herb, has developed root system and extremely strong salt resistance, flood resistance and reproductive capacity. As a foreign species, in recent years, there has been a rapid burst in China along the coast, and the coastal zone of China has been spread. The ecological management system continuously occupies ecological niches of the coastal wetland suaeda salsa, reed, mangrove and the like, damages the biological diversity of the coastal wetland in China, and influences fishery production, river channel shipping and the like. The spartina alterniflora is distributed in coastal beaches and marshes, and the special habitat causes that personnel and common machinery are difficult to enter, so that the safety risk is high, the treatment is difficult and the cost is extremely high. At present, the spartina alterniflora is mainly treated by means of manual or mechanical mowing, ploughing, deep burying and the like. If the patent number is 201621143551.4, the patent name discloses a crawler-type smashing and rotary tillage integrated machine for treating the mud flat spartina alterniflora, the integrated machine comprises a crawler, a smashing device and a rotary tillage device, the spartina alterniflora stems and leaves can be mowed through the smashing device, and the root system of the spartina alterniflora can be smashed and buried through the deep ploughing and burying device. However, no matter manual work or existing machinery, the spartina alterniflora is simply piled up on the beach after mowing, secondary pollution is easy to cause after the piled spartina alterniflora is fermented, and if mowing is carried out in the mature period of the spartina alterniflora, seed is easy to be scattered, and sexual reproduction of the spartina alterniflora is promoted; in addition, because the root system of the spartina alterniflora is developed and has strong reproductive capacity, the spartina alterniflora is only ploughed and buried, the reproductive root system is difficult to be completely destroyed, the root system is very easy to regenerate, the spartina alterniflora can be thoroughly killed by multiple treatments, and the cost is very high. Besides the mowing and ploughing deep-burying mode for treating the spartina alterniflora, the herbicide/rotting agent can be used for treating, but because the efficiency of manually spraying the herbicide is lower, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for large-area spraying, the efficiency is higher, but the accurate application is difficult to ensure, and a certain environmental risk exists, so that the herbicide is rarely used for treating the spartina alterniflora.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems, and provides the comprehensive treatment machine for the spartina alterniflora of the invasive plant, which is characterized in that after harvesting, crushing and collecting the spartina alterniflora crushed aggregates, the crushed aggregates are packaged and transported outwards, so that the problems that the crushed aggregates are accumulated and polluted and seeds in the crushed aggregates are easy to scatter and recur are avoided, meanwhile, the risk that the spartina alterniflora of the invasive plant is difficult to accurately identify the easy-to-wave and other green vegetation growing areas due to large-area application is avoided by combining the spraying process with the ploughing process, the crushing process and the burying process, and the treatment effect of the spartina alterniflora of the invasive plant can be remarkably improved by combining a physical method and a chemical method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention discloses an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine which comprises a frame provided with a travelling mechanism, wherein one end of the frame facing the operation direction is provided with a harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism for harvesting, crushing and collecting parts of the spartina alterniflora earth surface in sequence, one end of the frame facing away from the operation direction is provided with a turnover, crushing, pesticide application and buried integrated mechanism for turning over, crushing, pesticide application and buried parts of the spartina alterniflora earth surface in sequence, and a packaging mechanism and a conveying mechanism for conveying crushed aggregates collected by the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism to the packaging mechanism are arranged between the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism and the integrated mechanism.
Preferably, the height of the stubble portion is such that adjacent stubble portions of the spartina alterniflora do not twist and/or stack.
Preferably, the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism comprises a collecting bin, a harvesting support hinged to the frame and a harvesting and pushing device for pushing the harvesting support, wherein the collecting bin is arranged on the frame, and the harvesting support is provided with a harvesting and crushing cutter for harvesting and crushing all the parts above the surface of the spartina alterniflora and a conveying pipe for conveying the collecting bin.
Preferably, the conveyor means comprises a conveyor belt for conveying the chaff in the aggregate bin to the bagging means.
Preferably, the integral ploughing and pesticide applying burying mechanism comprises a ploughing bracket hinged on the frame, a pesticide storage box arranged on the frame and a ploughing and pushing device for pushing the ploughing bracket, wherein a ploughing coulter area, a pesticide application nozzle area, a root breaking knife area and a burying coulter area are sequentially arranged on the ploughing bracket in the back of the working direction, and pesticide application nozzles in the pesticide application nozzle area are communicated with the pesticide storage box.
Preferably, the tillage support is fixed with a pesticide applying pipe connected with the pesticide applying nozzle, the pesticide applying pipe is connected with the pesticide storage box through a hose, and the hose is provided with a flow regulating valve.
Preferably, a crushing cutter is arranged in the root crushing cutter area, the crushing cutter comprises a rotating shaft and a rotating mechanism, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the tillage support, the rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate, a plurality of root crushing cutter heads are fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of root crushing blades are circumferentially arranged on the root crushing cutter heads.
Preferably, the travelling mechanism comprises a driving mechanism and hollow travelling drums, wherein spiral bulges are arranged on the travelling drums, the travelling drums are mutually in a group, the spiral bulges on the travelling drums are arranged in a mirror image mode, and the travelling drums are connected to the frame in a rotary mode parallel to the travelling direction.
Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving hydraulic motor fixed at one end of the traveling drum.
Preferably, an operation platform is arranged on the frame between the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism and the ploughing, pesticide applying and burying integrated mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention discloses an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine which can be widely applied to spartina alterniflora distribution areas such as coastal beaches, marshes, shallow water and the like, and the surface parts of the spartina alterniflora can be cut by a harvesting and crushing collecting mechanism, so that the spartina alterniflora is prevented from sexual reproduction; the harvested, crushed and collected crushed aggregates are packaged by a packaging mechanism and then can be transferred to other conveying devices for centralized outward transportation, so that the problem that the harvested spartina alterniflora is difficult to outward transportation, accumulation and fermentation cause secondary pollution is solved, and the problem that seeds are scattered in the accumulation or transportation process after packaging to cause recurrence of spartina alterniflora can also be prevented; through turning over and ploughing and applying medicine and burying integrative mechanism, can cut up the spartina alterniflora root and accurately apply medicine in the process of turning over and ploughing, avoid large tracts of land to apply medicine and be difficult to accurately discern the risk of easily wave and other green vegetation growing areas, physical and chemical method combine together, can effectively avoid the root system of spartina alterniflora to carry out asexual reproduction and relapse.
2. The height of the stubble-remaining part of the spartina alterniflora after the cutting of the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism is required to meet the requirement that the stubble-remaining part of the adjacent spartina alterniflora is not wound and/or stacked, the wound and stacked spartina alterniflora can bring resistance to turning, so that the turning effect is influenced, the application and crushing effects are further influenced, and the stacked spartina alterniflora can also influence the application uniformity.
3. The walking mechanism adopts the hollow walking rotary drum, the walking rotary drum has large contact area and is not easy to sink, and compared with the traditional wheel type or chain type driving mechanism, the walking mechanism is more suitable for the tidal flat area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine;
FIG. 3 is a top view of an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view perspective view of an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a perspective structure of a machine for comprehensive treatment of an invasive plant spartina alterniflora.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a frame; 2. harvesting a bracket; 3. harvesting and crushing cutters; 4. a material conveying pipe; 5. a collecting bin; 6. harvesting a hydraulic telescopic rod; 7. a baling mechanism; 8. a conveyor belt; 9. a ploughing bracket; 10. ploughing coulter; 11. burying a coulter; 12. a dispensing nozzle; 13. a rotating shaft; 14. rotating the hydraulic motor; 15. root crushing cutterhead; 16. root crushing blades; 17. a drug application tube; 18. a hose; 19. a medicine storage box; 20. a turning hydraulic telescopic rod; 21. a dispensing hole; 22. a traveling drum; 23. spiral bulges; 24. driving a hydraulic motor; 25. an operating platform; 26. a seat; 27. a fence; 28. connecting an ear plate; 29. a shielding umbrella; 30. a main diesel engine; 31. and (5) assisting a diesel engine.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment discloses an invasive plant spartina alterniflora comprehensive treatment machine which can be widely applied to treatment of external invasive plant spartina alterniflora growing in tidal flats, marshes and shallow water areas, and comprises a frame 1 as shown in fig. 1-6, wherein a running mechanism for driving the frame 1 to move forwards, backwards and turn is arranged on the frame 1. One end of the frame 1 facing the operation direction is provided with a harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism which is used for harvesting, crushing and collecting the earth surface part of the invasive plant spartina alterniflora in sequence. One end of the frame 1, which is opposite to the working direction, is provided with an integral ploughing and pesticide applying burying mechanism, the integral ploughing and pesticide applying burying mechanism can sequentially ploughing, crushing and pesticide applying (herbicide/rotting agent) parts of the stubble of the invasive plant and underground root parts of the invasive plant, and can cut the root parts of the spartina alterniflora and accurately apply the pesticide by combining the ploughing process and the pesticide applying process, so that the problem that the large-area pesticide application is difficult to accurately identify and easily influence the growth of other green vegetation is avoided, and the physical and chemical treatment are combined, so that the treatment effect is greatly improved. The harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism and the turning, tillage and pesticide application and burying integrated mechanism are provided with the packing mechanism 7 and the conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is used for conveying crushed aggregates collected by the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism to the packing mechanism 7 for packing, and the packed spartina alterniflora crushed aggregates can be transferred to a standby ship for centralized outward transportation, so that the problems that secondary pollution is caused by piling up the harvested spartina alterniflora in a beach area for fermentation, and the recrudescence of spartina alterniflora caused by scattering of grass seeds in a treatment process are avoided.
The working process comprises the following steps: the frame 1 is driven by the travelling mechanism to travel along the working direction, and the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism at the front end (the end facing the working direction) of the frame 1 firstly harvests the surface part (stems, blades and the like) of the spartina alterniflora, and then crushes and collects the spartina alterniflora; then the conveying mechanism conveys the crushed aggregates collected by the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism to the packing mechanism 7, the packing mechanism 7 packs the crushed spartina alterniflora and temporarily stores the crushed spartina alterniflora on the frame 1, and the crushed spartina alterniflora can be conveyed to a nearby transfer vehicle or a standby ship in the later period; as the frame 1 advances, the integral mechanism for ploughing, applying and burying can ploughing the soil of the harvested area to expose the root system of the spartina alterniflora, then the herbicide/rotting agent is sprayed on the area, the herbicide/rotting agent falls onto the soil and the exposed root system, the root system of the invasive plant sprayed with the herbicide/rotting agent can be cut off and crushed, the crushed root system of the spartina alterniflora can be ploughed into the soil again, and the root system of the invasive plant is difficult to relapse after being combined with the physical and chemical methods of crushing and applying the herbicide.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the stubble portion is so high that the stubble portion of the adjacent invasive plant is not entangled and/or stacked. After the stems of the spartina alterniflora are harvested, the stems are required to be effectively prevented from growing again, the spartina alterniflora stems are effectively removed, the stubble remaining height of the spartina alterniflora is about 10cm, the stubble remaining height of the spartina alterniflora can reduce the probability of re-growing of the stems, but the stems with the length of 10cm are easy to wind and stack with adjacent stems, on one hand, when the winding and stacking spartina alterniflora are separated, great resistance is generated, on the other hand, the resistance is too large when the turning and pesticide application burying integrated mechanism turns over and the root system of the spartina alterniflora is not turned out well, so that the follow-up crushing and pesticide spraying effects are affected, on the other hand, the winding and stacking spartina alterniflora can be shielded from each other, the pesticide spraying effect is also affected, and the length of the wound spartina alterniflora is also lengthened, and then is easy to wind on a cutter in the crushing process. Therefore, the stubble height of the spartina alterniflora is required to be ensured to be below 3cm, so that the problems can be effectively avoided. In addition, the ploughing depth of the ploughing, pesticide applying and burying integrated mechanism needs to be about 20-25 cm in general so as to effectively prevent the spartina alterniflora from being quickly recovered through asexual propagation, and the ploughing depth is only obtained according to the average root system depth, for example, the root system depth is deeper, the ploughing depth is also increased, but at least needs to be more than 2cm beyond the root system depth of asexual propagation.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the harvesting, pulverizing and collecting mechanism is a harvesting, pulverizing and collecting mechanism commonly used in the market. Therefore, the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism is not described too much, and only the structures of all parts of the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism are briefly described. The harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism comprises a harvesting support 2, a collecting bin 5 and a harvesting and pushing device, wherein the harvesting support 2 is hinged to the frame 1, and the collecting bin 5 is arranged on the frame 1. The harvesting support 2 is provided with a harvesting and crushing cutter 3 and a conveying pipe 4, the parts above the ground surface of the invasive plant can be fully harvested and crushed through the harvesting and crushing cutter 3, and the conveying pipe 4 can convey crushed invasive plant into the collecting bin 5 for temporary storage. The harvesting support 2 can push the harvesting support 2 up through the harvesting pushing device, so that the height of the harvesting support 2 from the ground is changed. Preferably, the harvesting support 2 comprises two connecting side arms, the ends of which are provided with hinge holes. The front end (towards the one end of the operation) of the frame 1 is provided with two groups of connecting lug plates 28, each group of connecting lug plates 28 comprises two connecting lug plates 28, the end part of the connecting side arm is positioned between the two connecting lug plates 28, and the hinge of the frame 1 and the harvesting bracket 2 can be realized by inserting a pin shaft into a connecting hole of the connecting lug plate 28 and a hinge hole on the connecting side arm. Further, as preferable, the harvesting and lifting device comprises a harvesting hydraulic telescopic rod 6, the fixed end of the harvesting hydraulic telescopic rod 6 is fixed on the frame 1, the telescopic end of the harvesting hydraulic telescopic rod 6 is hinged with the harvesting support 2 (namely, is connected with a side plate), the harvesting support 2 can be lifted or the harvesting support 2 can be pulled back through the telescopic of the telescopic end of the harvesting hydraulic telescopic rod 6, the height of the harvesting support 2 from the ground is changed, and therefore the operation height of the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism is changed.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the conveying mechanism includes a conveying belt 8, the crushed materials in the aggregate bin 5 can be conveyed to the packing mechanism 7 for packing through the conveying belt 8, the packing mechanism 7 adopts a packing machine common in the market, one end of the conveying belt 8 is located at the bottom discharge port of the aggregate bin 5, and the other end of the conveying belt 8 is connected with the feed port of the packing mechanism 7. The baling mechanism 7 is driven by a baling machine hydraulic motor and the conveyor belt 8 is driven by a conveyor belt hydraulic motor. Preferably, the packing mechanism 7 is located at one side of the collecting bin 5, i.e. the packing mechanism 7 and the collecting bin 5 are located at the left and right sides of the frame 1, respectively, and are both close to the front end of the frame 1. Further, it is preferable that both sides of the conveyor belt 8 are provided with baffles to prevent the crushed aggregates from scattering to both sides of the conveyor belt 8.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the ploughing, applying and burying integrated mechanism includes a ploughing bracket 9, a medicine box 19, and a ploughing and pushing device, the medicine box 19 being provided on the frame 1. The ploughing support 9 is hinged at the rear end (i.e. the end facing away from the travelling direction) of the frame 1, and the ploughing pushing device can push the ploughing support 9, so that the height distance between the ploughing support 9 and the ground is changed. The ploughing support 9 is provided with a ploughing coulter area, a pesticide application nozzle area, a root breaking coulter area and a buried coulter area in sequence back to the working direction. The ploughing coulter region is internally provided with a plurality of ploughing coulters 10, the ploughing coulters 10 are obliquely arranged and the cutting edge faces forward, the ploughing coulters 10 are arranged in a row, one row or a plurality of rows can be arranged, and the ploughing coulters 10 are used for ploughing the region where the invasive plant on the surface is harvested, so that the root system of the invasive plant is exposed, and the ploughing coulters 10 can simultaneously cut off the root system of the invasive plant preliminarily. The application nozzle area is internally provided with a plurality of application nozzles 12, the application nozzles 12 are also arranged in rows, one row or a plurality of rows can be arranged, the application nozzles 12 are all communicated with a medicine storage box 19, herbicide/rotting agent is supplied to the application nozzles 12 through the medicine storage box 19, the herbicide/rotting agent is sprayed on the ploughed area of the ploughing coulter 10 through the application nozzles 12, a part of the herbicide/rotting agent falls on the root system of an invasive plant, a part of the herbicide/rotting agent permeates into the soil, and no exposed part remains in the soil and the herbicide/rotting agent is stuck. The root crushing knife area can crush the exposed root system and the preliminarily cut root system, so that the possibility of regeneration of the root system is eliminated, and the recurrence rate is reduced. The buried coulter area is internally provided with a plurality of buried coulters 11, the buried coulters 11 are obliquely provided with the cutting tips facing forward, the inclined directions are opposite to those of the turning coulters 10 in a mirror symmetry manner, the buried coulters 11 are arranged in a row, one row or a plurality of rows can be arranged, the crushed root systems are re-turned into the soil through the buried coulters 11, and the root systems of the spartina alterniflora are crushed and sprayed with herbicide/rotting agent, so that the problem of recrudescence is not worry. Preferably, the tilling support 9 is composed of a top plate and two side plates provided with connecting bent arms, the top plate is fixed on the top of the two side plates, and the connecting bent arms are provided with hinge holes. Two groups of connecting lug plates 28 are arranged at one end of the frame 1, which is opposite to the working direction, each group of connecting lug plates 28 comprises two connecting lug plates 28, and a connecting bent arm is positioned between the two connecting lug plates 28 and is connected through a pin shaft, so that the turning bracket 9 is hinged with the frame 1. Preferably, the ploughing and pushing device comprises a ploughing hydraulic telescopic rod 20, wherein the fixed end of the ploughing hydraulic telescopic rod 20 is fixed on the frame 1, the telescopic end of the ploughing hydraulic telescopic rod 20 is hinged on the ploughing support 9, such as a connecting bent arm, so that the ploughing support 9 can be pushed or pulled back by the telescopic end of the ploughing hydraulic telescopic rod 20, the height of the ploughing support 9 from the ground is changed, and the operation height of the ploughing and pesticide applying and burying integrated mechanism is changed. Further, preferably, a top plate of the tilling support 9 is provided with tilling mounting holes for mounting the tilling coulter 10, burying mounting holes of the burying coulter 11, and application holes 21 for mounting the application nozzles 12. The outside of the dispensing nozzle 12 is sleeved with a rubber tube, and then the rubber tube is inserted into the dispensing hole 21, so that friction force between the dispensing nozzle 12 and the dispensing hole 21 can be increased through the rubber tube. The length of the application nozzle 12 extending out of the application hole 21 cannot be too long so as to prevent the root system ploughed by the ploughing coulter 10 from being wound on the application nozzle 12, but the length of the application nozzle 12 extending out of the application hole 21 cannot be too short so as to prevent the root system from being sprayed on the root system of the invasive plant well.
Further, in order to uniformly manage the flow rate and the flow rate of the medicine sprayed from the medicine applying nozzle 12. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, an application pipe 17 is fixed on the tillage support 9, the application pipe 17 is connected with a plurality of application nozzles 12 at the same time, the application pipe 17 is connected with a medicine storage box 19 through a hose 18, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on the hose 18 to regulate the medicine outlet speed and the medicine outlet amount of herbicide/rotting agent.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a crushing cutter is provided in the crushing cutter region, and the crushing cutter includes a rotating shaft 13 and a rotating mechanism for driving the rotating shaft 13 to rotate. The rotating shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the tillage support 9, for example, rotatably connected to two side plates of the tillage support 9, and can be rotatably connected with the side plates through bearings. A plurality of root cutter heads 15 are fixed on the rotating shaft 13, a plurality of root cutter blades 16 are circumferentially arranged on the root cutter heads 15, and preferably three root cutter blades 16 are arranged on the root cutter heads 15. The rotating mechanism can be a rotating hydraulic motor 14, and the rotating hydraulic motor 14 is fixed on the tillage bracket 9, for example, fixed on one side plate of the tillage bracket 9.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the travelling mechanism includes a driving mechanism and hollow travelling drums 22, the travelling drums 22 are provided with spiral protrusions 23, the two travelling drums 22 are in a group, and the spiral protrusions 23 on the two travelling drums 22 in the group are in mirror image arrangement. The travelling drum 22 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 parallel to the travelling direction. Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a frame 1 employing only one set of traveling drums 22, with two traveling drums 22 being disposed separately on the left and right sides of the frame 1. When the traveling drums 22 on the left side and the right side simultaneously rotate outwards, the frame 1 is driven to advance; when the traveling drums 22 on the left side and the right side rotate simultaneously, the frame 1 is driven to retreat; turning can be achieved by adjusting the rotation speed difference of the traveling drums 22 on the left side and the right side, if the rotation speed of the traveling drum 22 on the right side is high, the rotation speed of the traveling drum 22 on the left side is low, the frame 1 can be turned left, and otherwise, the frame is turned right. Preferably, two supporting legs are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the frame 1, rotating holes are respectively arranged on the supporting legs, and two ends of the traveling drum 22 are connected in the rotating holes through bearings.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the drive mechanism includes a drive hydraulic motor 24 fixed to one end of the traveling drum 22.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, an operation platform 25 is provided on the frame 1 between the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism and the ploughing, pesticide applying and burying integrated mechanism, and the operation platform 25 is provided with various switches and operation levers for controlling the ploughing, pesticide applying and burying integrated mechanism, the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism, the conveyor belt 8, the packaging mechanism 7, the harvesting hydraulic telescopic rod 6, the ploughing hydraulic telescopic rod 20, the travelling drum 22 and the like.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, each of the driving hydraulic motor 24, the harvesting hydraulic telescopic rod 6, the tilling hydraulic telescopic rod 20, the driving hydraulic motor 24, the packer hydraulic motor, the conveyor hydraulic motor, and the tilling and chemical applying and burying integrated mechanism is powered by the main diesel engine 30. The harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism is driven by an auxiliary diesel engine 31.
In order to avoid the operator from being tired due to standing and operation for a long time, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a seat 26 is disposed behind the operation platform 25, which is convenient for the operator to operate.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a shielding umbrella 29 is provided above the seat 26 and the operation platform 25, so that sun-shading and rain-shading can be achieved, and sunburn of operators and water inlet short circuit of the operation platform 25 can be avoided.
Further, in order to secure the safety of the operator, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, a rail 27 is provided on the vehicle frame 1.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to specific examples, which are provided herein to assist in understanding the methods and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The comprehensive treatment machine for the spartina alterniflora of the invasive plant is characterized by comprising a frame provided with a travelling mechanism, wherein one end of the frame facing the operation direction is provided with a harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism for harvesting, crushing and collecting the surface part of the spartina alterniflora, one end of the frame facing away from the operation direction is provided with a turning, crushing, pesticide application and buried integrated mechanism for turning, crushing, pesticide application and burying the surface stubble part and the underground root part of the spartina alterniflora in sequence, and a packing mechanism and a conveying mechanism for conveying crushed aggregates collected by the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism to the packing mechanism are arranged between the harvesting, crushing and chemical application and buried integrated mechanism; the tillage, pesticide application and burying integrated mechanism comprises a tillage support hinged on the frame, a pesticide storage box arranged on the frame and a tillage pushing device for pushing the tillage support, wherein a tillage coulter area, a pesticide application nozzle area, a root breaking knife area and a burying coulter area are sequentially arranged on the tillage support back to the working direction, and pesticide application nozzles in the pesticide application nozzle area are communicated with the pesticide storage box; a plurality of ploughing coulters are arranged in the ploughing coulter area, the ploughing coulters are arranged in rows, and the ploughing coulters are obliquely arranged and the cutting edge of each ploughing coulter faces forward; the soil-loosening and soil-loosening device is characterized in that a plurality of buried coulters are arranged in the buried coulter area, a plurality of buried coulters are arranged in a row, the buried coulters are obliquely arranged with the cutting tips facing forward, the buried coulters are in mirror symmetry with the ploughing coulters and are obliquely opposite to each other, and crushed root systems are re-buried into soil through the buried coulters.
2. The machine of claim 1, wherein the stubble-retaining portions are of a height such that adjacent stubble-retaining portions of the spartina alterniflora do not twist and/or stack.
3. The comprehensive treatment machine for the alternanthera philoxeroides of the invasive plants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism comprises a collecting bin, a harvesting support hinged on the frame and a harvesting and pushing device for pushing the harvesting support, the collecting bin is arranged on the frame, and the harvesting support is provided with a harvesting and crushing cutter for harvesting and crushing all the parts above the surface of the alternanthera philoxeroides and a conveying pipe for conveying the parts to the collecting bin.
4. A comprehensive treatment machine for the spartina alterniflora according to claim 3, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a conveyor belt for conveying the crushed aggregates in the aggregate bin to the packing mechanism.
5. The comprehensive treatment machine for the invasive plant spartina alterniflora according to claim 1, wherein a pesticide application pipe connected with the pesticide application nozzle is fixed on the ploughing support, the pesticide application pipe is connected with the pesticide storage box through a hose, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on the hose.
6. The comprehensive treatment machine for the spartina alterniflora of the invasive plant according to claim 1, wherein a crushing cutter is arranged in the root crushing cutter area, the crushing cutter comprises a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the ploughing support and a rotating mechanism for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, a plurality of root crushing cutter heads are fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of root crushing blades are circumferentially arranged on the root crushing cutter heads.
7. The comprehensive treatment machine for the alternanthera philoxeroides of invasive plants according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the travelling mechanism comprises a driving mechanism and hollow travelling drums, spiral bulges are arranged on the travelling drums, two travelling drums are in a group, the spiral bulges on the two travelling drums in the group are arranged in a mirror image mode, and the travelling drums are connected to the frame in a rotary mode parallel to the travelling direction.
8. The machine of claim 7, wherein the drive mechanism comprises a drive hydraulic motor fixed at one end of the travelling drum.
9. The comprehensive treatment machine for the alternanthera philoxeroides, which is used for invading plants, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an operation platform is arranged on the frame between the harvesting, crushing and collecting mechanism and the ploughing, pesticide applying and burying integrated mechanism.
CN202210765654.8A 2022-06-30 2022-06-30 Comprehensive treatment machine for invasive plant spartina alterniflora Active CN115088471B (en)

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