KR970010867B1 - 냉동기유 조성물 - Google Patents

냉동기유 조성물 Download PDF

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Publication number
KR970010867B1
KR970010867B1 KR1019920004719A KR920004719A KR970010867B1 KR 970010867 B1 KR970010867 B1 KR 970010867B1 KR 1019920004719 A KR1019920004719 A KR 1019920004719A KR 920004719 A KR920004719 A KR 920004719A KR 970010867 B1 KR970010867 B1 KR 970010867B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
acid
oil composition
carboxylic acid
hydrogen
metal salt
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KR1019920004719A
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English (en)
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KR920018203A (ko
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히로미찌 세이끼
마사또 가네꼬
히데오 가나모리
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이데미쓰 고산 가부시끼가이샤
이데미쓰 쇼스께
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Publication of KR920018203A publication Critical patent/KR920018203A/ko
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Abstract

내용없음

Description

냉동기유 조성물
본 발명은 냉동기유 조성물에 관한 것으로, 상세하게는 환경 오염으로 문제가 되었던 냉매인 디클로로 디플루오르 메탄(이하, 프론 12라 칭한다)등의 프론대체물로 될 수 있는 1,1,1,2-테트라 플루오르 에탄(이하, 프로 134a라 칭한다)등의 수소 함유 프론 화합물(불화 알칸)과의 상용성이 양호하고, 또한 내마모성, 윤활성능 및 프론 분위기에서의 안정성이 우수한 냉동기유 조성물에 관한 것이다.
최근, 환경 오염의 우려가 없는 프론 134a등의 수소함유 프론 냉매를 사용하는 냉동기의 윤활유로서 폴리 옥시 알킬렌 글리콜 유도체가 상기 수소함유 프론 냉매와의 상용성이 높다는 점에서 유효한 것으로 보고되고 있다(미국 특허 제4,755,316호 명세서).
그러나, 이들 폴리 옥시 알킬렌 글리콜 유도체는 상기의 냉매 분위기하에서는 내마모성이 낮고, 특히 자동차 에어콘이나 전기 냉장고등 냉동기의 알루미늄재와 강재사이의 마모를 증대시켜 실용상 큰 문제가 되었다.
이 알루미늄재와 강재의 마찰부분은 왕복 압축기(특히, 경사판식)에서는 피스톤과 피스톤 슈우, 경사판과 슈우 부분등, 회전 압축기에서는 베인과 하우징 부분등에 사용되고 있고 윤활상 중요한 요소이다.
한편, 내마모성 향상제는 여러가지가 알려져 있지만, 프론 분위기라는 특수 조건하에서 알루미늄재와 강재와의 마모를 안정성이 손상되지 않고 방지할 수 있는 수단은 알려져 있지 않다.
본 발명자들은 프론 134a등의 수소함유 프론 냉매와의 상용성이 우수하며 윤활성능이 우수하고 내마모성, 특히 알루미늄재와 강재와의 사이의 내마모성 향상에 유효한 냉동기유(윤활유)를 개발하기 위해 집중 연구를 하였다.
그 결과, 특정 기유에 특정의 카르복시산의 금속염을 배합함으로써 상기 목적을 달성할 수 있다는 것을 발견하였다. 본 발명은 이러한 지견에 기초하여 완성한 것이다.
본 발명의 목적은 수소 함유 프론 화합물과의 상용성이 양호한 냉동기유 조성물을 제공하는 것이다.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 내마모성, 윤활성능 및 프론 분위기에서의 안정성이 우수한 냉동기유 조성물을 제공하는 것이다.
즉, 본 발명은 기유에 탄소수 3∼60의 카르복시산의 금속염을 배합한 것을 특징으로 하는 냉동기유 조성물을 제공하는 것이다.
본 발명의 냉동기유 조성물의 기유는 일반적으로 냉동기유로서 사용되는 것이면 좋고, 그 종류나 성상에 대해서는 특별히 제한되지는 않지만, 바람직하게는 40℃에서의 동점도가 5∼1000cst, 특히 바람직하게는 10∼500cst의 광유 및/또는 합성유이다.
또, 이 기유의 저온 유동성의 지표인 유동점에 관해서는 특별한 제한은 없지만, -10℃ 이하인 것이 바람직하다.
이와 같은 광유 및 합성유는 여러가지가 있고, 용도등에 따라 적당히 선정하면 좋다. 그 바람직한 것으로서 예를 들면, 광유로는 파라핀계 광유, 나트텐계 광유등이 있고, 합성유로는 폴리 옥시 알킬렌 유도체, 에스테르 화합물(특히, 폴리에스테르 화합물), 알킬 벤젠, 알킬 나트탈렌, 폴리-α-올레핀등이 있지만, 특히 폴리 옥시 알킬렌 유도체나 폴리 에스테르 화합물이 바람직하다. 상기 폴리 옥시 알킬렌 유도체로는 폴리 옥시 알킬렌 글리콜, 그 모노 알킬 에테르(분자 말단에 알킬 에테르가 형성된 것). 디알킬 에테르(분자 말단에 알킬 에테르가 형성된 것), 디알킬 에테르(분자 양말단에 알킬 에테르가 형성된 것)등이 있고, 또 그 옥시 알킬렌 단위로는 옥시 에틸렌, 옥시 프로필렌, 옥시 부틸렌 또는 이들 2종 이상의 혼합물(예를들면, 옥시 에틸렌과 옥시 프로필렌이 혼성중합한 것)등을 들수 있다.
한편, 폴리 에스테르 화합물로는 여러가지가 있고, 용도등에 따라 적당히 선정하면 좋다. 그 바람직한 것으로는 하기의 (I)∼(V)의 반응 생성물을 들수 있다.
(I) ① 다가 카르복시산 또는 그 유도체, ② 다가 알코올 또는 그 유도체 및 ③ 일가 지방산 또는 그 유도체의 반응 생성물.
(II) ① 다가 카르복시산 또는 그 유도체, ② 다가 알코올 또는 그 유도체 및 ④ 일가 지방족 알코올 또는 그 유도체의 반응 생성물.
(III) ② 다가 알코올 또는 그 유도체 및 ③ 일가 지방산 또는 그 유도체의 반응생성물(바람직하게는 당량 반응 생성물).
(IV) ④ 일가 지방족 알코올 또는 그 유도체 및 ① 다가 카르복시산 도는 그 유도체의 반응 생성물
(V) ① 다가 카르복시산 또는 그 유도체 및 ② 다가 알코올 또는 그 유도체의 반응 생성물.
본 발명은 상기 기유에 카르복시산의 금속염을 배합하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 여기에서 사용되는 카르복시산의 금속염은 탄소수 3∼60의 카르복시산, 바람직하게는 탄소수 6∼30, 보다 바람직하게는 12∼30의 지방산의 금속염이다. 또, 상기 지방산의 다이머산이나 트리머산 및 탄소수 3∼30의 디카르복시산의 금속염을 들수 있다.
이들중 탄소수 12∼30의 지방산 및 탄소수 3∼30의 디카르복시산의 금속염이 특히 바람직하다.
한편, 상기 금속염의 금속에 대해서는 알칼리 금속 또는 알칼리 토금속인 것이 바람직하고, 특히 알칼리 금속염이 가장 적당하다.
상기 기유에 배합되는 카르복시산의 금속염을 구성하는 카르복시산으로는 상술한 바와 같이 여러가지가 있고, 예를들면 지방족 포화 모노 카르복시산, 지방족 불포화 카르복시산, 지방족 디카르복시산, 방향족 카르복시산등을 들수 있다.
다시, 구체적인 예를들면, 지방족 포화 모노 카르복시산으로는 카프로산, 카프릴산, 카프르산, 라우트산, 미리스트산, 팔미트산, 스테아르산, 아라킨산, 세로트산, 라세르산 등의 곧은 사슬 포화산 또는 이소펜탄산, 2-메틸 펜탄산, 2-메틸 부탄산, 2,2-디메틸 부탄산, 2-메틸 헥산산, 5-메틸 헥산산, 2,2-디메틸 헵탄산, 2-에틸-2-메틸부탄산, 2-에틸헥산산, 디메틸헥산산, 2-n-프로필-펜탄산, 3,5,5-트리 메틸 헥산산, 디메틸 옥탄산, 이소트리데칸산, 이소 미리스트산, 이소 스테아르산, 이소 아라킨산, 이소 헥산신등의 분지 지방산을 들수 있다. 또, 지방족 불포화 카르복시산으로는 팔미톨레산, 올레산, 엘라이딘산, 리놀산, 리놀렌산등 또는 리시놀산 등의 불포화 히드록시산을 들수 있다.
또, 지방족 디카르복시산으로는 아디프산, 아젤라산, 세바스산을 들수 있고, 방향족 카르복시산으로는 벤조산, 프탈산, 트리메리트산, 피로메리트산등을 들수 있다.
또, 나프텐산등의 지방족 고리 지방산을 사용할 수도 있다. 본 발명에서는 상기의 카르복시산을 목적에 따라 2종이상 조합하여 사용해도 좋다.
상기 카르복시산과 결하하여 금속염을 구성하는 금속도 특별한 제한은 없고 여러가지를 들수 있다. 예를들면, 라듐, 칼륨, 나트륨등의 알칼리 금속, 마그네슘, 칼슘, 스트론듐등의 알칼리 토금속, 그의 금속으로 아연, 니켈, 알루미늄등을 들수 있다.
본 발명에서는 상기 카르복시산 1종당 화합되는 금속은 1종에 제한되지 않고 2종 이상이어도 좋으며, 목적에 따라 적당히 선정할 수 있다. 여기에서, 본 발명에 사용되는 금속으로 바람직한 것은 알칼리 금속 및 알칼리 토금속이고, 특히 알칼리 금속이 가장 적당하다.
본 발명의 냉동기유 조성물에서 상기 카르복시산 및 금속으로 되어 있는 카르복시산의 금속염의 배합량은 목적에 따라 적당히 선정할 수 있으나, 바람직하게는 조성물 전체에 대하여 0.001∼10중량%, 바람직하게는 0.005∼3중량%이다.
여기에서, 배합량이 0.001중량% 미만인 경우, 내마모성이 충분하지 않다는 결점이 있고, 10중량%를 초과하면 안정성을 저하시킨다는 문제가 있다.
본 발명의 조성물을 제조하는 방법은 상기 기유에 카르복시산의 금속염을 배합하면 좋고 여러 방법으로 할 수 있다. 그러나, 기유에 대하여 카르복시산의 금속염의 용해성을 향상시키기 위하여 이하의 방법으로 조성물을 제조하는 것이 유효하다. 단, 이하의 제조방법은 본 발명의 조성물을 제조하는 여러방법중 하나이다.
우선, 카르복시산의 금속염을 미리 용해시키기 위하여 용매에 카르복시산 및 수산화 알칼리를 투입하고 실온 또는 가열하에서 반응시켜 카르복시산의 금속염을 용매에 용해 또는 분산한 상태로 형성한다.
다음에, 상기 용매에 용해, 분산되어 있는 카르복시산 금속염을 그대로 기유에 배합하여 혼합 분산한다.
이와같이 하여 카르복시산의 금속염을 미리 용매에 용해 또는 분산시킨 후, 기유에 상기 금속염 용액 또는 분산액을 배합함으로써 효율좋게 목적 조성물을 제조할 수 있다.
여기에서 사용하는 용매는 여러가지가 있고, 예를들면 일가 알코올류로는 n-부틸 알코올, iso-부틸알코올, sec-부틸 알코올, t-부틸 알코올, n-아밀 알코올, iso-아밀 알코올, sec-아밀 알코올, n-헥실알코올, 메틸 아밀 알코올, 에틸 부틸 알코올, 헵틸 알코올, n-옥틸 알코올, sec-옥틸 알코올, 2-에틸 헥실 알코올, iso-옥틸 알코올, n-노닐 알코올, 2,6-디메틸-4-헵탄올, n-데실 알코올, 시클로 헥산올등, 글리콜류 및 다가 알코올류로는 에틸렌 글리콜, 디에틸렌 글리콜, 트리 에틸렌 글리콜, 테트라 에틸렌 글리콜, 프로렌 글리콜, 디프로필렌 글리콜, 1,4-부틸렌 글리콜, 2,3-부틸렌 글리콜, 헥실렌 글리콜, 옥틸렌 글리콜, 글리세린등, 셀로솔브류로는 에틸렌 글리콜 모노메틸 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 에틸 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 디에틸 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 부틸 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 디부틸 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 페닐 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 벤질 에테르, 에틸렌 글리콜 에틸 헥실 에테르, 디에틸렌 글리콜 메틸 에테르, 디에틸렌 글리콜 에틸 에테르, 디에틸렌 글리콜 디에틸 에테르, 디에틸렌 글리콜 부틸 에테르, 디에틸렌 글리콜 디부틸 에테르, 프로필렌 글리콜 메틸 에테르, 프로필렌 글리콜 에틸 에테르, 프로필렌 글리콜 부틸에네트, 디프로필렌 글리콜 메틸 에테르, 디프로필렌 글리콜 에틸 에테르, 트리 프로필렌 글리콜 메틸 에테르, 테트라 에틸렌 글리콜 디메틸 에테르, 테트라 에틸렌 글리콜디 부틸 에테르등을 들수 있다.
또한, 크라운 에테르류로는 벤조-15-크라운-5, 벤조-12-크라운-4, 벤조-15-크라운-5, 벤조-18-크라운-6, 디벤조-18-크라운-6등, 케톤류로는 에틸 부틸 케톤, 디 프로필 케톤, 메틸아밀 케톤, 메틸 헥실 케톤, 디이소 부틸 케톤등, 지방산류로는 전기 탄소수 6∼30의 지방산등을 들수 있다.
이상과 같이 용매에 용해 또는 분산시키는 상기 금속염의 농도는 특별히 제한되지는 않고 여러 상황에 따라 적당히 선정하면 좋다.
본 발명의 조성물은 기유에 카르복시산의 금속염을 배합한 것이지만, 필요에 따라 종래의 윤활유에 사용되고 있는 각종 첨가제, 예를들면 내하중 첨가제(국압제, 유성제 등), 염소 포착제, 산화 방지제, 금속 불활성화제, 소포제 청정 분산제, 점도지수 향상제, 유동점 강하제, 방녹제, 부식 방지제등을 배합할 수 있다.
상기 내하중 첨가제로는 모노 술피드류, 폴리 술피드류, 술폭시드류, 술폰류, 티오 술피네이트류, 황학유지, 티오 카르보네이트류, 티오펜류, 티아졸류, 메탄 술폰산 에스테르류 등의 유기 황화합물계인 것, 인산 모노 에스테르류, 인산 디에스 테르류, 인산 트리 에스테르류 등의 인산 에스테르계인 것, 아인산 모노 에스테르류, 아인산 디 에스테르류, 아인산 트리 에스테르류등의 아인산 에스테르계인 것, 티오인산 트리 에스테르류등의 티오인산 에스테르계인 것, 고급지방산, 히드록시 아린 지방산류, 금속 비누등의 지방산계인 것, 아크릴산 에스테르류등의 지방산 에스테르계인 것, 염소화 탄산수소류, 염소화 카르복시산 유도체등의 유기 염소계인 것, 불소화 지방족 카르복시산류, 불소화 에틸렌 수지, 불소화 알킬 폴리실옥산류, 불소화 흑연등의 유기 불소계인 것, 고급 알코올등의 알코올계인 것, 나프텐산염류(나프텐산 납), 지방산 염류(지방산 납), 티오인산염류(디알킬 디티오인산 아염), 티오 카르밤상 염류, 유기믈리브덴 화합물, 유기 주석화합물, 유기 게르마늄화합물, 붕산 에스테르류등의 금속 화합물계인 것이 있다. 염소포착제로는 글리시딜 에테르기 함유 화합물, 에폭시화 지방산 모노 에스테르류, 에폭시화 유지, 에폭시 시클로 알킬기 함유 화합물등이 있다.
산화 방지제로는 폐놀류(2,6-디-t-부틸-P-크레솔), 방향족 아민류(α-나프틸아민)등이 있다.
금속 불활성화제로는 벤조 트리아졸 유도체 등이 있다.
소포제로는 실리콘 오일(디메틸 폴리실옥산), 폴리 메타 크릴레이트류등이 있다.
청정분산제로는 술포네이트류, 페네이트류, 호박산이 미드류등이 있다.
점도지수 향상제, 유동점 강하제로는 폴리메타 크릴레이트, 폴리이소부틸렌, 에틸렌-프로필렌 혼성 중합체, 스티렌-디엔 수소화 혼성 중합체등이 있다.
특히, 상기 첨가제중 인산 에스테르계나 아인산 에스테르계인 것이 바람직하고, 그 첨가량은 특별한 제한은 없고 적당히 선정하면 좋지만, 통상 전체중 0.1∼5중량% 정도이다. 여기에서, 인산 에스테르계의 화합물은 알킬 포스페이트 화합물과 아릴 포스페이트 화합물로 구분할 수 있다.
이 인산 에스테르계의 화합물(포스페이트 화합물)의 적당한 것으로는 일반식(R10)3P=0(식중, R1은 총탄소수 15이상의 탄화 수소기 또는 염소화 탄화 수소기, 특히 탄소수 8-20의 알킬기(곧은사슬, 분지, 포화, 불포화), 페닐기, 탄소수 1-12의 알킬기 치환 페닐기, 염소화 페닐기, 염소화 알킬 페닐기를 나타내고, 각 R1은 같거나 다르더라도 좋다.)로 표시되는 화합물을 들수 있다.
구체적으로는, 트리크레실 포스페이트(TCP), 트리페닐 포스페이트, 트리 이소 프로필 페닐 포스페이트, 트리옥틸 포스페이트, 트리라우릴 포스페이트, 트리 스테아릴 포스페이트, 트리 올레일 포스페이트, 디페닐 옥실 포스페이트, 0-, m-, p-모노 클로로 페닐 포스페이트, 디클로로 페닐 포스페이트, 모노 클로로 톨릴 포스페이트, 디클로로 톨릴 포스페이트등을 들수 있으나, 특히 트리 크레실 포스페이트를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.
또, 아인산 에스테르계의 화합물은 알킬 포스파이트 화합물과 아릴 포스파이트 화합물로 구분할 수 있다.
이 아인산 에스테르계의 화합물(포스파이트 화합물)의 바람직한 것으로는 일반식(R20)3P (식중, R2는 수소 또는 총탄소수 15이상의 탄화수소기, 특히 탄소수 8-20의 알킬기(곧은 사슬, 분지, 포화, 불포화), 페닐기, 탄소수 1-12의 알킬기 치환 페닐기를 나타내고, 각 R2는 같거나 다르더라도 좋다. 단, R2의 2개 이상이 수소인 경우를 제외한다.)로 표시되는 화합물을 들수 있다.
구체적으로는, 트리 옥틸 포스파이트, 트리 라우릴 포스파이트, 트리 스테아릴 포스파이트, 트리 올레일 포스파이트, 트리 페닐 포스파이트, 트리 크레실 포스파이트, 트리스(노닐 페닐)포스파이트, 디페닐데실 포스파이트, 디옥틸 히드로겐 포스파이트, 디라우릴 히드로겐 포스파이트, 디올레일 히드로겐 포스파이트, 디(노닐 페닐)히드로겐 포스파이트등을 들수 있다.
본 발명의 냉동기유 조성물은 프론 134a등의 수소 함유 프론 냉매 분위기하에서의 안정성, 냉매와의 상용성 및 윤활성능이 우수하며, 특히 알루미늄재와 강재 사이의 내마모성 향상에 매우 유효하게 작용한다.
또한, 수분의 흡습성도 적다는 이점이 있다.
따라서, 본 발명의 냉동기유 조성물은 압축형 냉동기를 비롯하여 수소함유 프론 냉매를 사용하는 각종 냉동기의 윤활유로서 이용된다. 특히, 프론 134a등의 수손함유 프론 화합물(수소함유 불화 알칼)(구체적으로는, 상기 프론 134a 이외에 1,1,2,2-테트라 플루오르 에탄(프론 134) : 1,1-디클로로-2,2,2-트리 플루오르 에탄(프론 123) : 1-클로로-1,1-디플루오르 에탄(프론-142b) : 1,1-디플루오르 에탄(프론 152a) : 클로로 디플루오르 메탄(프론 22) 또는 트리 플루오르 메탄(프론 23 등)과의 상용성이 양호하다.
따라서, 본 발명의 냉동기유 조성물은 각종 수소 함유 프론 화합물을 냉매로서 사용하는 전기 냉장고, 냉각기(특히, 카에어콘), 히트펌프등의 냉동기의 윤활유로서 유효한 이용이 기대된다.
이하에 실시예로 부터 본 발명을 보다 상세히 설명하지만, 본 발명은 이들예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.
실시예 1∼18
① 카르복시산의 금속염 용액의 조제
(1) 용매로서 디프로필렌 글리콜, 카르복시산으로서 올레산, 수산화 알칼리로서 수산화 칼륨, 수산화나트륨 또는 수산화 라듐을 사용하고, 이들의 각 수산화 알칼리와 반응시켜 각각 올레산 칼륨, 올레산 나트륨, 올레산 라듐 30중량% 용액을 조제하였다(실시예 1∼4, 7∼10,12,13.16,17).
(2) 용매로서 디프로필렌 글리콜, 카르복시산으로서 팔미트산, 수산화 알칼리로서 수산화 칼륨을 사용하여 팔미트산 칼륨 30중량% 용액을 조제하였다(실시예 5,6).
(3) 용매로서 디프로필렌 글리콜, 카르복시산으로서 세바스산, 수산화 알칼리로서 수산화 칼륨을 사용하여 세바스산 칼륨 30중량% 용액을 조제하였다(실시예 11).
(4) 용매로서 에틸렌 글리콜, 카르복시산으로서 올레산, 수산화 알칼리로서 수산화 칼륨 또는 수산화나트륨을 사용하여 올레산 칼륨 또는 올레산 나트륨 30중량% 용액을 조제하였다(실시예 14).
(5) 용매로서 디에틸에테르, 카르복시산으로서 올레산, 수산화 알칼리로서 수산화 라듐을 사용하여 올레산 라듐 30중량% 용액을 조제하였다(실시예 18).
② 조성물의 조제
상기 용액중에 용해 분산되어 있는 금속염을 그대로 제1표에 나타나 있는 기유에 배합하고 혼합 분산하였다. 여기에서, 배합량은 제1표에 나타나 있는 배합량(유효 배합량)으로 되도록 조정하고 목적하는 냉동기유 조성물을 조제하였다.
비교예 1
올레산 칼륨을 염소화 파라핀 대신에, 배합량을 변경한 것의에는 실시예 1과 같은 조작을 하였다.
[표 1]
표 1계속
* 1 수평균 분자량 1270
* 2 수평균 분자량 640
* 3 수평균 분자량 l300
* 4 수평균 분자량 1100
* 5 100℃의 동점도 4.6cst
* 6 네오펜틸 글리콜, 아디프산 및 2-메틸카프론산의 폴리에스테르(90.5cst(40℃))
* 7 디펜타 에리트리틀과 iso-발레르산 및 n-헥산의 혼합 지방산의 헥사에스테르(70.5cst(40℃))
* 8 나프텐계광유(5.0cst(100℃))
* 9 트리크레실 포스페이트
*10 트리옥틸 포스페이트
상기 실시예 1∼18 및 비교예 1에서 얻어진 냉동기유 조성물에 대하여 하기시험 방법에 의해서 알루미늄재와 강재 사이의 내마모성, 안정성, 외관 및 고온 임계용해온도를 측정하였다. 얻어진 결과를 제2표에 나타낸다.
(a) 내마모성
파렉스 내마모성 시험에서 블록을 알루미늄(A4032), 핀을 강(SUJ-2)로서 평가하였다.
프론 송풍량을 io 1/시간, 하중을 400파운드, 시간을 1시간, 회전수를 1200rpm, 기름온도를 80℃로서 마모량을 측정하였다.
(b) 안정성
철막이 관(shield tube)시험에 의해서 평가하였다.
시료유와 냉매(프론 134a)와의 2 : 1혼합물을 철, 구리, 알루미늄의 촉매와 함께 유리관에 봉입하고 175℃에서 240시간 가열한 후, 기름과 촉매의 외관을 관찰하고 슬러지의 유무를 조사하였다.
(c) 조성물의 외관
조성물의 배합을 완료하고 30분후의 외관을 관찰하여 변색 및 침전등의 유무를 확인하였다.
(d) 고온 임계용해온도
내용적 약 110ml의 유리 내압용기에 시료유와 냉매(프론 134a)을 1 : 9의 비율(중량)로 봉입하고 균일하게 용해한 상태에서 서서히 온도를 상승시켜 시료유와 냉매가 분리되기 시작하는 온도를 측정하여 고온 임계용해온도로 하였다.
[표 2]

Claims (8)

  1. 기유에 탄소수 3∼60의 카르복시산의 알칼리토류금속염을 배합한 것을 특징으로 하는 냉동기유 조성물.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 카르복시산이 탄소수 6∼30의 지방산인 냉동기유 조성물.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 카르복시산의 알칼리토류금속염이 탄소수 12∼30의 지방산 또는 탄소수 3∼30의 디카르복시산의 금속염인 냉동기유 조성물.
  4. 제1항에 있어서, 기유가 폴리옥시 알킬렌글리콜 유도체 및/또는 폴리에스테르 화합물인 냉동기유 조성물.
  5. 제4항에 있어서, 기유가 40℃에서의 동점도가 5∼1000cst이고, 유동점이 -10℃ 이하인 냉동기유 조성물.
  6. 제1항에 있어서, 냉동기에서의 냉매가 수소함유 프론 냉매인 냉동기유 조성물.
  7. 제6항에 있어서, 수소함유 프론 냉매가 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오르에탄인 냉동기유 조성물.
  8. 제6항에 있어서, 수소함유 프론 냉매가 1,1,2,2,-테트라플루오르에탄, 1,1-디클로로-2,2,2,-트리플루오르에탄, 1-클로로-1,1-디플루오르에탄, 1,1-디플루오르에탄, 클로로디플루오르메탄 및 트리플루오르메탄으로부터 선택된 1종 이상인 냉동기유 조성물.
KR1019920004719A 1991-03-29 1992-03-23 냉동기유 조성물 KR970010867B1 (ko)

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