KR20110100245A - 브롬화된 난연제 및 이의 전구체 - Google Patents
브롬화된 난연제 및 이의 전구체 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20110100245A KR20110100245A KR1020117015091A KR20117015091A KR20110100245A KR 20110100245 A KR20110100245 A KR 20110100245A KR 1020117015091 A KR1020117015091 A KR 1020117015091A KR 20117015091 A KR20117015091 A KR 20117015091A KR 20110100245 A KR20110100245 A KR 20110100245A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- toluene
- mol
- reaction mixture
- styrene
- distribution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical class N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 1120
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 316
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 235
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 200
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 155
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 151
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 144
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 142
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- VEAFKIYNHVBNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylpropane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VEAFKIYNHVBNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 71
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- QFGALIZFMJDZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N styrene;toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 QFGALIZFMJDZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 46
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
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- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexen-1-yl)cyclohexan-1-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1C1=CCCCC1 GVNVAWHJIKLAGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FNXLCIKXHOPCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromamine Chemical compound BrN FNXLCIKXHOPCKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 84
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 52
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 46
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- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 30
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
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Images
Classifications
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F112/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 EP 0 741 147 A1의 실시예 1과 유사한 음이온성 연쇄 이동 스티렌계 텔로머 반응으로부터 형성된 와이블 분포의 분리 성분 쇄의 분자량의 함수로서 중량 분율의 상대적인 분포를 나타내는 막대 그래프이다.
도 3은 EP 0 741 147 A1의 실시예 4와 유사한 음이온성 연쇄 이동 스티렌계 텔로머 반응으로부터 형성된 대수정규 분포의 분리 성분 쇄의 분자량의 함수로서 중량 분율의 상대적인 분포를 나타내는 막대 그래프이다.
도 4는 본 발명의 공정 기술에 의해 형성되고 와이블 분포로 기재되는 톨루엔 스티렌계 텔로머 분포의 분리 성분 쇄의 분자량의 함수로서 중량 분율의 상대적인 분포를 나타내는 막대 그래프이다.
도 5는 본 발명의 공정 기술에 의해 형성되고 베타 분포로 기재되는 톨루엔 스티렌계 텔로머 분포의 분리 성분 쇄의 분자량의 함수로서 중량 분율의 상대적인 분포를 나타내는 막대 그래프이다.
도 6은 본 발명의 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체로부터 형성된 고충격 폴리스티렌 수지 조성물의 용융 유동 지수와 사용된 상기 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체의 유리 전이 온도와의 관계를 보여주는 그래프이다.
도 7은 본 발명의 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체로부터 형성된 고충격 폴리스티렌 수지 조성물의 연화점(Vicat)과 사용된 상기 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체의 유리 전이 온도와의 관계를 보여주는 그래프이다.
도 8은 본 발명의 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체의 유리 전이 온도의, 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체가 형성되는 브롬화되지 않은 STSTD의 Mw로서 명시된 바와 같은 분자량에 대한 의존성을 보여주는 그래프이다.
도 9는 본 발명의 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체로부터 형성된 고충격 폴리스티렌 수지 조성물의 헌터 칼라 황변 지수(YI)와 사용된 상기 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체의 열 색상 값과의 관계를 나타내는 그래프이다.
Claims (37)
- 화학식 I의 톨루엔 스티렌계 텔로머 분포를 포함하는 조성물로서:
[화학식 I]
C6H5CH2CH2-[(C6H5)CHCH2-]n평균CH2C6H5
상기 화학식 I에서,
C6H5는 각각 페닐 그룹이고,
n은, 상기 화학식의 각각의 분자에 대해서, 약 1.5 내지 약 5.5의 평균 수이고,
단, n이 0인 화학식 I의 화합물인 1,3-디페닐프로판이 25 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 상기 분포에 임의로 존재하고, 또한 단, 추가로 상기 분포가 톨루엔을 0.1 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 함유하고,
상기 분포가 추가로, Mw 범위가 약 430 내지 약 1000이고, Mn 범위가 약 350 내지 약 770이고, Mz 범위가 약 550 내지 약 1700이고, 다분산도 범위가 약 1.2 내지 약 1.65이고, 표준 편차 범위가 약 160 내지 약 500이고, 비대칭성 범위가 약 1.3 내지 약 3.2임을 특징으로 하는 조성물. - 제 1 항에 있어서, n이 약 2.6 내지 약 5.5의 평균 수이고, 단, n이 0인 화학식 I의 화합물인 1,3-디페닐프로판이 5 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 상기 분포에 임의로 존재하고, 또한 단, 상기 분포가 임의로 톨루엔을 0.1 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 추가로 함유하고, 상기 분포가 추가로, Mw 범위가 약 630 내지 약 1060이고, Mn 범위가 약 460 내지 약 770이고, Mz 범위가 약 770 내지 약 1700이고, 다분산도 범위가 약 1.2 내지 약 1.65이고, 표준 편차 범위가 약 250 내지 약 520이고, 비대칭성 범위가 약 1.3 내지 약 2.9임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, n이 약 2.8 내지 약 5.5의 평균 수이고, 단, n이 0인 화학식 I의 화합물인 1,3-디페닐프로판이 1 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 상기 분포에 임의로 존재하고, 또한 단, 상기 분포가 임의로 톨루엔을 0.1 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 추가로 함유하고, 상기 분포가 추가로, Mw 범위가 약 645 내지 약 1100이고, Mn 범위가 약 490 내지 약 770이고, Mz 범위가 약 780 내지 약 1760이고, 다분산도 범위가 약 1.2 내지 약 1.65이고, 표준 편차 범위가 약 250 내지 약 530이고, 비대칭성 범위가 약 1.3 내지 약 2.8임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, n이 약 2.9 내지 약 3.9 범위의 평균 수이고, 단, n이 0인 화학식 I의 화합물인 1,3-디페닐프로판이 1 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 상기 분포에 임의로 존재하고, 또한 단, 상기 분포가 임의로 톨루엔을 0.1 GPC 면적% 이하의 양으로 추가로 함유하고, 상기 분포가 추가로, Mw 범위가 약 650 내지 약 750이고, Mn 범위가 약 500 내지 약 600이고, Mz 범위가 약 830 내지 약 1120이고, 다분산도 범위가 약 1.2 내지 약 1.35임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 분포가 추가로, Mw 범위가 약 690 내지 약 715이고, Mn 범위가 약 520 내지 약 560이고, Mz 범위가 약 910 내지 약 960이고, 다분산도 범위가 약 1.25 내지 약 1.32임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 톨루엔 스티렌계 텔로머 분포의 제조방법으로서,
I) 스티렌을 공급 속도 10ft/sec 초과로 작은 오리피스를 통해 톨루엔, 알킬리튬 및 임의로 IA족 또는 IIA족 조촉매 및 TMEDA를 포함하는 성분들로부터 형성된 교반된 반응 혼합물로 (i) 약 0.3 내지 약 1.5의 스티렌(mol)/톨루엔(mol)/hr 및 (ii) 약 40 내지 약 110의 스티렌(mol)/알킬리튬(mol)/hr의 속도로 공급하는 단계로서, 이때, 스티렌:톨루엔의 몰 비는 약 0.75 내지 약 4이고, 스티렌:알킬리튬의 몰 비는 약 150 내지 약 350이고, TMEDA:알킬리튬의 몰 비는 약 2.2 내지 약 8이고, 반응 혼합물의 온도를 약 70℃ 내지 약 95℃에서 유지시키고, 교반이 적어도 반응 혼합물 속에서 실질적으로 균질한 농도 프로파일을 유지시키기에 충분한 단계;
II) 반응 혼합물을 담금질시켜 단계(I)에서 형성된 촉매 성분들을 파괴시키는 단계로서,
A) 상기 담금질된 반응 혼합물을 수 세척하여 담금질 또는 수 세척 결과로서 형성된 금속 함유 성분(들)을 제거하고, 적어도 하나의 상을 절단하여 수성 상을 제거하고, 반응 혼합물로부터 TMEDA 및 미반응 톨루엔을 분리 및 회수하고, 이에 의해 반응 혼합물로부터 물이 또한 제거되며, 생성된 생성물 혼합물의 톨루엔 함량이 0.1중량% 미만이고 생성물 혼합물 중의 1,3-디페닐프로판의 함량이 25중량% 미만으로 되도록 계속해서 분리를 수행하거나,
B) 무수 톨루엔 및 TMEDA를 스트립핑시켜 반응 혼합물로부터 건조 TMEDA 및 미반응 톨루엔을 분리 및 회수하고, 적어도 스트립핑된 용적과 동일한 용적의 톨루엔을 다시 첨가한 후, 세척 수를 가하고, 적어도 하나의 상을 절단하여 수성 상을 제거하며; (a) 세척용으로 사용된 톨루엔을 분리 회수하고, 이에 의해 반응 혼합물로부터 물을 또한 제거하고, 생성된 생성물 혼합물의 톨루엔 함량이 0.1중량% 미만이고 생성물 혼합물 중의 1,3-디페닐프로판의 함량이 25중량% 미만으로 되도록 분리를 계속하는 단계를 포함하는 방법. - 톨루엔 스티렌계 텔로머 분포의 제조방법으로서,
I) 스티렌을 톨루엔, 알킬리튬 및 TMEDA를 포함하는 성분들로부터 형성된 교반된 반응 혼합물로 (i) 약 0.3 내지 약 1.5의 스티렌(mol)/톨루엔(mol)/hr 및 (ii) 약 40 내지 약 110의 스티렌(mol)/알킬리튬(mol)/hr의 속도로 공급하는 단계로서, 이때, 스티렌:톨루엔의 몰 비는 약 0.75 내지 약 4이고, 스티렌:알킬리튬의 몰 비는 약 150 내지 약 350이고, TMEDA:알킬리튬의 몰 비는 약 2.2 내지 약 8이고, 반응 혼합물의 온도를 약 70℃ 내지 약 90℃에서 유지시키고, 교반이 적어도 반응 혼합물 속에서 실질적으로 균질한 농도 프로파일을 유지시키기에 충분한 단계; 및
II) (i) 물이 담금질 용매인 경우, 양성자성 용매를 사용하여 약 80℃ 미만의 온도에서 상기 반응 혼합물을 담금질시키는 단계를 포함하는 방법. - 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 담금질에 사용되는 양성자성 용매가 탈산소수인 방법.
- 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 담금질에 사용되는 양성자성 용매가 물이 아니고, 상기 첨가된 세척수가 탈산소수인 방법.
- 제 6 항에 있어서, 스트립핑된 무수 톨루엔의 용적을 대체하기 위해서 단계 II)에 다시 첨가된 톨루엔이 탈산소 톨루엔인 방법.
- 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 방법이 (i) 약 0.3 내지 약 1.5의 스티렌(mol)/톨루엔(mol)/hr 및 (ii) 약 40 내지 약 110의 스티렌(mol)/알킬리튬(mol)/hr의 속도로 수행되고; 스티렌:톨루엔의 몰 비가 약 0.5 내지 약 4이고, 스티렌:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 100 내지 약 350이고, TMEDA:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 2.2 내지 약 8이고, 반응 혼합물의 온도를 약 70℃ 내지 약 95℃에서 유지시키는 방법.
- 제 6 항 또는 제 7 항에 있어서, 상기 방법이 (i) 약 0.6 내지 약 0.85의 스티렌(mol)/톨루엔(mol)/hr 및 (ii) 약 90 내지 약 110의 스티렌(mol)/알킬리튬(mol)/hr의 속도로 수행되고; 스티렌:톨루엔의 몰 비가 약 1.75 내지 약 2.2이고, 스티렌:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 250 내지 약 280이고, TMEDA:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 2.4 내지 약 3이고, 반응 혼합물의 온도를 약 78℃ 내지 약 81℃에서 유지시키는 방법.
- 하기 화학식 C6H(5-x)BrxCH2CH2(C6H(5-x)BrxCHCH2-)nCH2C6H(5-x)Brx의 스티렌계 중합체 분포를 포함하는 브롬화된 조성물로서,
C6H(5-x)BrxCH2CH2(C6H(5-x)BrxCHCH2-)nCH2C6H(5-x)Brx
상기 식에서,
n은 약 2.6 내지 약 5.5의 평균수이고,
x는 각각 동일하거나 상이하고, 0 내지 5의 정수이고, 조성물 중의 모든 x의 평균 수는 약 3.00 내지 약 3.80이고;
XRF에 의해 측정된 중합체 중의 브롬의 양이 약 71 내지 약 75중량%이고;
브롬화된 중합체 분포의 Mn, Mw 및 Mz의 값이, 표준 편차가 σn 250/(1-중량%Br) 내지 σn 530/(1-중량%Br)이고 비대칭성(nα3)이 약 1.3 내지 약 4.5, 바람직하게는 약 1.3 내지 약 3.2로 되도록 하는 조성물. - 제 13 항에 있어서, n이 약 2.9 내지 약 3.9의 평균수이고, x가 각각 동일하거나 상이하고, 0 내지 5의 정수이고, 조성물 중의 모든 x의 평균 수가 약 3.50 내지 약 3.80이고, XRF에 의해 측정된 중합체 중의 브롬의 양이 약 73.4 내지 약 74.5중량%인 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가, 질소 대기 하에 TGA 중량 손실율이 5%이고, 당해 중량 손실이 350℃ 초과의 온도가 달성될 때만 일어남을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가 (i) 300℃ 에서 검출한계 미만인 50ppm 내지 약 200ppm 이하의 서멀 HBr 값, 및 320℃에서 약 100ppm 내지 약 900ppm의 서멀 HBr 값; 또는 (ii) 250℃에서 15분 동안 처리하는 경우, 약 15 내지 약 3의 열 색상 안정성 값 DE, 및 250℃에서 20분 동안 300℃ 처리하는 경우, 28 내지 7의 DE; 또는 (i) 및 (ii) 둘 다를 가짐을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가 (i) 약 1 내지 약 6 또는 (ii) 약 1 내지 약 4의 ASTM D 1925 황변 지수를 가짐을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가, 헌터 용액 색도 시험에서의 △E 값이 (i) 0 내지 약 4, 또는 (ii) 0 내지 약 1임을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가, Mn 범위가 약 2200 내지 약 2700이고, Mw 범위가 약 2900 내지 약 3500이고, Mz 범위가 약 3800 내지 약 4700이고, 다분산도 범위가 약 1.15 내지 약 1.35이고, Mn, Mw 및 Mz의 상기 값이 광 산란 검출기를 사용하여 GPC 방법에 의해 측정됨을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가, 유리 전이 온도가 (i) 약 100℃ 내지 약 140℃, 또는 (ii) 약 111℃ 내지 약 125℃임을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항에 있어서, 상기 브롬화된 방향족 중합체가 350℃ 초과의 온도에서 발생하는 5%의 TGA 중량 손실율, 300℃ 에서 검출한계 미만인 50ppm 내지 약 200ppm 이하의 서멀 HBr 값, 및 320℃에서 약 100ppm 내지 약 900ppm의 서멀 HBr 값, ASTM D 1925 황변 지수 약 1 내지 약 6, 헌터 용액 색도 시험에서의 △E 값 약 0.01 내지 약 4.0, 유리 전이 온도 약 110℃ 내지 약 135℃, 및 250℃에서 15분 동안 처리하는 경우의 열 색상 안정성 값 DE 약 15 내지 약 3, 및 250℃에서 20분 동안 300℃ 처리하는 경우의 DE 약 28 내지 약 7을 가짐을 추가로 특징으로 하는, 브롬화된 조성물.
- 하기 단계를 포함하는, 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체 분포의 제조방법으로서,
I) 스티렌을 공급 속도 10ft/sec 초과로 작은 오리피스를 통해 톨루엔, 알킬리튬 및 임의로 IA족 또는 IIA족 조촉매 및 TMEDA를 포함하는 성분들로부터 형성된 교반된 반응 혼합물로 (i) 약 0.3 내지 약 1.5의 스티렌(mol)/톨루엔(mol)/hr 및 (ii) 약 40 내지 약 110의 스티렌(mol)/알킬리튬(mol)/hr의 속도로 공급하는 단계로서, 이때, 스티렌:톨루엔의 몰 비가 약 0.75 내지 약 4이고, 스티렌:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 150 내지 약 350이고, TMEDA:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 2.2 내지 약 8이고, 반응 혼합물의 온도를 약 70℃ 내지 약 95℃에서 유지시키고, 교반은 적어도 반응 혼합물 속에서 실질적으로 균질한 농도 프로파일을 유지시키기에 충분한 단계;
II) 반응 혼합물을 담금질시켜 단계(I)에서 형성된 촉매 성분들을 파괴시키는 단계로서,
A) 상기 담금질된 반응 혼합물을 수 세척하여 담금질 또는 수 세척 결과로서 형성된 금속 함유 성분(들)을 제거하고, 적어도 하나의 상을 절단하여 수성 상을 제거하고, 반응 혼합물로부터 TMEDA 및 미반응 톨루엔을 분리 및 회수하고, 이에 의해 반응 혼합물로부터 물이 또한 제거되며, 생성된 생성물 혼합물의 톨루엔 함량이 0.1중량% 미만이고 생성물 혼합물 중의 1,3-디페닐프로판의 함량이 25중량% 미만으로 되도록 계속해서 분리를 수행하거나,
B) 무수 톨루엔 및 TMEDA를 스트립핑시켜 반응 혼합물로부터 건조 TMEDA 및 미반응 톨루엔을 분리 및 회수하고, 적어도 스트립핑된 용적과 동일한 용적의 톨루엔을 다시 첨가한 후, 세척 수를 가하고, 적어도 하나의 상을 절단하여 수성 상을 제거하며; (a) 세척용으로 사용된 톨루엔을 분리 회수하고, 이에 의해 반응 혼합물로부터 물을 또한 제거하고, 생성된 생성물 혼합물의 톨루엔 함량이 0.1중량% 미만이고 생성물 혼합물 중의 1,3-디페닐프로판의 함량이 25중량% 미만으로 되도록 분리를 계속하는 단계; 및
단계 II)의 A) 또는 B)를 수행한 후, 단계 II)의 A) 또는 B)에서 형성된 생성물 혼합물을 브롬화하는 단계를 포함하는 방법. - 하기 단계를 포함하는, 브롬화된 스티렌계 중합체 분포의 제조방법으로서,
I) 스티렌을 톨루엔, 알킬리튬 및 TMEDA를 포함하는 성분들로부터 형성된 교반된 반응 혼합물로 (i) 약 0.3 내지 약 1.5의 스티렌(mol)/톨루엔(mol)/hr 및 (ii) 약 40 내지 약 110의 스티렌(mol)/알킬리튬(mol)/hr의 속도로 공급하는 단계로서, 이때, 스티렌:톨루엔의 몰 비가 약 0.75 내지 약 4이고, 스티렌:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 150 내지 약 350이고, TMEDA:알킬리튬의 몰 비가 약 2.2 내지 약 8이고, 반응 혼합물의 온도를 약 70℃ 내지 약 90℃에서 유지시키고, 교반이 적어도 반응 혼합물 속에서 실질적으로 균질한 농도 프로파일을 유지시키기에 충분한 단계;
II) 약 80℃ 미만의 온도에서 양성자성 용매를 사용하여 (i) 물이 담금질 용매인 경우, 적어도 하나의 상을 절단하면서 상기 반응 혼합물을 담금질하거나, (ii) 물이 아닌 담금질 용매가 사용되는 경우, 세척 수를 첨가하고 상을 절단하면서 상기 반응 혼합물을 담금질하는 단계,
III) 상기 반응 혼합물로부터 TMEDA 및 미반응 톨루엔을 분리 회수하고, 이에 의해 반응 혼합물로부터 물을 또한 제거하고, 생성된 생성물 혼합물의 톨루엔 함량이 0.1중량% 미만이고 생성물 혼합물 중의 1,3-디페닐프로판의 함량이 25중량% 미만으로 되도록 분리를 계속하는 단계 및
IV) 단계 III)에서 형성된 생성물 혼합물을 브롬화하는 단계로서, 적어도 실질적으로 모든 브롬화가 약 -10℃ 내지 약 0℃의 온도에서 일어나서 XRF에 의해 측정된 브롬 함량이 약 73.4 내지 약 74.5중량% 브롬인 조성물을 형성시키는 단계를 포함하는 방법. - 제 22 항 또는 제 23 항에 있어서, 브롬화가 (i) 브롬화제와 브롬화 촉매의 배합물 및 (ii) 브롬화 용매와 혼합된, 단계 III)에서 형성된 상기 생성물 혼합물을, 초기에 선행 반응 혼합물의 힐 또는 용매를 함유한 후, 용매 중의 반응 혼합물을 함유하는 반응 영역으로 별도이지만 동시에 공급함으로써 수행되고, 상기 공급이 (i) 및 (ii)의 공급을 상기 반응 영역 내에서 서로 근접되게 하거나 서로에 대해 직접 영향을 미치도록 배향하여 성분 (i) 및 (ii)의 국소적으로 높은 농도를 달성하고, 상기 공급이 브롬화 반응 혼합물에서 액체 상의 표면 아래에서 일어남을 추가로 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 22 항 또는 제 23 항에 있어서, 브롬화가 (i) 브롬화제 및 (ii) 브롬화 용매와 혼합된, 단계 III)에서 형성된 상기 생성물 혼합물을 반응 영역으로 별도이지만 동시에 공급함으로써 수행되고, 이때, 상기 반응 영역이 초기에 상기 용매 및 브롬화 촉매 및 임의로 힐의 일부분을 함유하고, 상기 동시 공급물의 도입이 브롬화 반응 혼합물에서 액체 상의 표면 위 또는 표면 아래에서 일어나는 방법.
- 제 24 항 또는 제 25 항에 있어서, 상기 할로겐화알루미늄 브롬화 촉매가 삼브롬화알루미늄 또는 삼염화알루미늄 또는 삼브롬화알루미늄과 삼염화알루미늄과의 혼합물이고, 상기 브롬화제가 브롬인 방법.
- 제 26 항에 있어서, 용매가 주로 브로모클로로메탄으로 구성되는 방법.
- 제 24 항 또는 제 25 항에 있어서, 상기 방법이,
(1) 상기 반응 혼합물을 물 함유 히드라진 수화물 속에서 담금질하여 브롬화 촉매를 불활성화시키고 브롬을 담금질시키며, 이에 의해 수성상과 임의로 첨가된 유기상을 형성시킨 후, 유기상을 수성상으로부터 분리시키는 단계 및 (2) 후속적으로, 존재할 수 있는 N-브로모아민의 함량을 감소시키기 위해서, 상기 분리된 유기상을 담금질시키고, 임의로 NaBH4를 함유하는 수성 NaOH를 사용하여 세척하는 단계를 추가로 포함하고, 상기 세척이 약 20℃ 내지 약 65℃의 온도에서 일어나는 방법. - 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항의 브롬화된 조성물이 블렌딩된 중합체를 포함하는 난연성 중합체 제형.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 상기 중합체가 HIPS 수지이고, 상기 제형이 난연제 상승제를 추가로 함유하는 중합체 제형.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 상기 중합체가 ABS 수지이고, 상기 제형이 난연제 상승제를 추가로 함유하는 중합체 제형.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 상기 중합체가 폴리올레핀 수지이고, 상기 제형이 난연제 상승제를 추가로 함유하는 중합체 제형.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 상기 중합체가 엔지니어링 열가소성 수지이고, 상기 제형이 난연제 상승제를 추가로 함유하는 중합체 제형.
- 제 33 항에 있어서, 상기 엔지니어링 열가소성 수지가 열가소성 폴리에스테르 또는 열가소성 폴리아미드인 중합체 제형.
- 제 29 항에 있어서, 상기 난연제 조성물의 양이 상기 제형의 총 중량을 기준으로 하여 약 1 내지 약 95중량%인 중합체 제형.
- 제 13 항 또는 제 14 항의 조성물이 난연 양으로 포함된 열경화성 수지를 포함하는 난연성 열경화성 수지 조성물.
- 제 36 항에 있어서, 상기 열경화성 수지가 노볼락 수지인 조성물.
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WO2010065468A8 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
JP6231731B2 (ja) | 2017-11-15 |
JO3423B1 (ar) | 2019-10-20 |
CN104072648B (zh) | 2017-07-18 |
US20110224353A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
WO2010065468A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
CN102272173B (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
JP2012510517A (ja) | 2012-05-10 |
EP2370479B1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
HUE043724T2 (hu) | 2019-09-30 |
IL213271A0 (en) | 2011-07-31 |
CN102272173A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
ES2730881T3 (es) | 2019-11-13 |
US8933159B2 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
KR101717793B1 (ko) | 2017-03-17 |
TW201030021A (en) | 2010-08-16 |
IL213271A (en) | 2016-11-30 |
CA2744205A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
EP2370479A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
MX2011005662A (es) | 2011-08-12 |
TWI494325B (zh) | 2015-08-01 |
PL2370479T3 (pl) | 2019-10-31 |
SG171908A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
TR201905538T4 (tr) | 2019-05-21 |
CN104072648A (zh) | 2014-10-01 |
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