JPWO2020039986A1 - 電力用半導体装置およびその製造方法、ならびに電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力用半導体装置およびその製造方法、ならびに電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2020039986A1 JPWO2020039986A1 JP2020538323A JP2020538323A JPWO2020039986A1 JP WO2020039986 A1 JPWO2020039986 A1 JP WO2020039986A1 JP 2020538323 A JP2020538323 A JP 2020538323A JP 2020538323 A JP2020538323 A JP 2020538323A JP WO2020039986 A1 JPWO2020039986 A1 JP WO2020039986A1
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- metal column
- hole
- conductor layer
- circuit board
- printed circuit
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Images
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
まず本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置の構成について、図1〜図7を用いて説明する。なお説明の便宜のため、X方向、Y方向、Z方向が導入されている。図1は実施の形態1の第1例の電力用半導体装置の全体を平面視した態様を示す概略平面図である。図2は実施の形態1の第1例の電力用半導体装置のうち、図1のII−II線に沿う部分の概略断面図である。図3は図1の電力用半導体装置のうち、特に半導体素子の配置された部分の概略平面図である。図4は図1の電力用半導体装置のうち、特にプリント基板のコア材およびそのZ方向下側の導体層の態様を示す概略平面図である。図5は図1の電力用半導体装置のうち、特にプリント基板のコア材およびそのZ方向上側の導体層の態様を示す概略平面図である。図6は実施の形態1における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Aの概略拡大断面図である。図7は実施の形態1における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Bの概略拡大断面図である。なお以下においてはZ方向に関する下側すなわちZ方向負側を単に下側、Z方向に関する上側すなわちZ方向正側を単に上側と呼ぶこととする。
本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置100およびその製造方法においては、プリント基板30の第1の導体層32に第1の欠落部36Aが形成される。厚み方向に第1の欠落部36A内から突出するように配置された第1の金属柱部51Aが、第1の導電性部材44Aにより第1の欠落部36A内に接合される。また第1の金属柱部51Aは、絶縁基板10上の半導体素子21に形成された信号電極21cに接触するように、第2の導電性部材43Aにより接合されている。なお第1の導電性部材44Aは第1の欠落部36A内に配置されている。
まず、以上においては第1の金属柱部51Aと第2の金属柱部52Aとの双方を有する電力用半導体装置100の例について説明している。しかし、たとえば以上の各図における第2の金属柱部52Aおよび第2の欠落部37Aを有さず、第1の金属柱部51Aおよび第1の欠落部36Aのみを有する構成としてもよい。当該構成においては複数の第2の金属柱部52Aおよび複数の第2の欠落部37Aを有さない点においてのみ上記の電力用半導体装置100と異なり、他はすべて上記の電力用半導体装置100と同様であるためその説明を繰り返さない。
図16は実施の形態2における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Aの第1例の概略拡大断面図である。図17は実施の形態2における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Aの第2例の概略拡大断面図である。図18は実施の形態2における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Bの第1例の概略拡大断面図である。図19は実施の形態2における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Bの第2例の概略拡大断面図である。図16〜図19を参照して、本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置の図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Aおよび部分Bは、基本的に実施の形態1の図6および図7と同様の構成を有している。このため同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しその説明を繰り返さない。ただし図16および図17に示すように、本実施の形態においては、第1の金属柱部51Aの内部には、プリント基板30のコア材31の第1の主表面に交差する図の上下方向に延びる第1の空洞53が形成されている。
図20は実施の形態3における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Aの概略拡大断面図である。図21は実施の形態3における図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Bの概略拡大断面図である。図20および図21を参照して、本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置の図2中の点線で囲まれた部分Aおよび部分Bは、基本的に実施の形態1の図6および図7と同様の構成を有している。このため同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しその説明を繰り返さない。ただし図20に示すように、本実施の形態においては、第1の金属柱部51Aが、第1の主表面に交差するZ方向に関する少なくとも一部において、プリント基板30側から絶縁基板10側に向けて、一方の主表面に沿うY方向(X方向)の寸法が漸次小さくなる。第1の金属柱部51Aは、第2の導電性部材43Aに接触するように配置されている。なお特に第1の金属柱部51Aは、少なくとも絶縁基板10側の端部(最下部)において、Y方向などの寸法が漸次小さくなるテーパ形状を有することが好ましい。ただしそのような態様に限らず、第1の金属柱部51AのZ方向に関する全体において、Y方向などの寸法が漸次小さくなるテーパ形状を有してもよい。
図22は実施の形態4の電力用半導体装置のうち、図1のII−II線に沿う部分の概略断面図である。図23は実施の形態4における図22中の点線で囲まれた部分XXIIIの概略拡大断面図である。図22および図23を参照して、本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置110は、基本的に実施の形態1の図2および図7と同様の構成を有している。このため同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しその説明を繰り返さない。ただし図23に示すように、本実施の形態においては、絶縁基板10には、その一方すなわち上側の主表面に、第3の導体層13が部分的に欠落された凹部38Aが形成されている。凹部38A内には、第2の金属柱部52Aと、第5の導電性部材47Aとの双方が配置されている。言い換えれば、凹部38A内は、第2の金属柱部52Aと、第5の導電性部材47Aとにより充填されている。第5の導電性部材47Aはたとえばはんだからなり、第2の金属柱部52Aの側面から凹部38Aの内壁面までの領域を充填する。第2の金属柱部52Aと第3の導体層13とが第5の導電性部材47Aにより電気的に接続される。なお凹部38Aは、一般公知のエッチング工程または切削工程を用いて、第3の導体層13を部分的に除去することにより形成される。一方、第1の導体層32の欠落による第2の欠落部37A内には、実施の形態1〜3と同様に第4の導電性部材46Aが配置される。
本実施の形態においては絶縁基板10側にも欠落部が設けられ、そこに挿入されるように第2の金属柱部52Aが固定される。これにより、第2の金属柱部52Aは、プリント基板30側と絶縁基板10側の双方が欠落部内に配置されることになる。したがって第2の欠落部37Aおよび凹部38Aにより、第2の金属柱部52AのX方向およびY方向の配置位置が、(プリント基板30側のみに欠落部が形成される)実施の形態1よりもさらに高精度に決められる。
図24は実施の形態5の第1例の電力用半導体装置の全体を平面視した態様を示す概略平面図である。図25は実施の形態5の第1例の電力用半導体装置のうち、図24のXXV−XXV線に沿う部分の概略断面図である。図26は図24の電力用半導体装置のうち、特に半導体素子の配置された部分の概略平面図である。図27は図24の電力用半導体装置のうち、特にプリント基板のコア材およびそのZ方向下側の導体層の態様を示す概略平面図である。図28は図24の電力用半導体装置のうち、特にプリント基板のコア材およびそのZ方向上側の導体層の態様を示す概略平面図である。図29は実施の形態5の第1例における図25中の点線で囲まれた部分Cの概略拡大断面図である。図30は実施の形態5の第1例における図25中の点線で囲まれた部分Dの概略拡大断面図である。すなわちXXV−XXV線は図1のII−II線に対応する。図25の点線で囲まれた部分Cは、図2の点線で囲まれた部分Aに対応する。図25の点線で囲まれた部分Dは、図2の点線で囲まれた部分Bに対応する。
本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置120においては、第1の貫通孔36Bは、第1の導体層32とコア材31と第2の導体層33とが部分的に欠落された領域が第1の導体層32とコア材31と第2の導体層33とを貫通するように形成されている。このため実施の形態1のように第1の欠落部36Aが第1の導体層32のみが部分的に欠落された構成である場合に比べ、第1の貫通孔36B内からその外側までZ方向に延びる第1の金属柱部51Bの配置位置が高精度に決められる。ここでの配置位置とはX方向およびY方向の座標位置を意味する。第1の貫通孔36Bは第1の欠落部36AよりもZ方向に長く、第1の金属柱部51Bは第1の金属柱部51AよりもZ方向の長い距離を第1の貫通孔36Bの内壁面に囲まれるためである。このため本実施の形態によれば、実施の形態1よりもさらに、第1の金属柱部51Bと信号電極21cとの相対的な位置ずれが減少し、両者間のオープン不良を抑制し、電力用半導体装置120を安定に生産することができる。また第1の金属柱部51Bの位置精度を実施の形態1よりもさらに高めることにより、プリント基板30を絶縁基板10に対していっそう高い位置精度で接合できる。
図49は実施の形態6における図25中の点線で囲まれた部分Fの概略拡大断面図である。図50は実施の形態6における図25中の点線で囲まれた部分Gの概略拡大断面図である。図49および図50を参照して、本実施の形態の電力用半導体装置の図25中の点線で囲まれた部分Fおよび部分Gは、基本的に実施の形態5の図29および図30と同様の構成を有している。このため同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しその説明を繰り返さない。ただし図49に示すように、本実施の形態においては、第1の金属柱部51Bは、第1の柱状部51B2と、第1の突起部51B3とを有している。第1の柱状部51B2は、第1の貫通孔36Bの内部を含み第1の貫通孔36Bに沿って延びている。言い換えれば第1の柱状部51B2は、第1の金属柱部51Bのうち、第1の貫通孔36Bの内部およびそこからZ方向に延長する(平面視にて重なる)第1の貫通孔36Bの外側の部分とからなる。第1の柱状部51B2はたとえば円筒形を有するがこれに限られない。第1の突起部51B3は、第1の金属柱部51Bのうち第1の柱状部51B2以外の領域である。第1の突起部51B3は、第1の柱状部51B2の延在するZ方向の側面すなわち外周面から、絶縁基板10の一方の主表面に沿うX方向およびY方向に延びる領域である。すなわち第1の貫通孔36Bの外側であり第1の貫通孔36B内の第1の柱状部51B2と平面的に重なる部分は、第1の突起部51B3には含まれず第1の柱状部51B2に含まれる。第1の突起部51B3は、第1の柱状部51B2の側面から、第1の柱状部51B2に対して外向きに延びている。さらに言い換えれば、第1の突起部51B3は、第1の柱状部51B2のZ方向に延びる側面から、これにほぼ直交する方向に延びている。第1の突起部51B3は、第1の柱状部51B2のうち第1の貫通孔36B外の領域の側面から延びている。第1の突起部51B3は第1の導体層32の表面(最下面)と接触するように配置されている。
本実施の形態は、上述した実施の形態1〜6にかかる電力用半導体装置を電力変換装置に適用したものである。本発明はある種の電力変換装置に限定されるものではないが、以下、実施の形態7として、三相のインバータに本発明を適用した場合について説明する。
Claims (15)
- 絶縁基板と、
前記絶縁基板の一方の主表面に接合される半導体素子と、
前記半導体素子に対向するように接合されるプリント基板とを備え、
前記半導体素子には主電極および信号電極が形成され、
前記プリント基板は、コア材と、前記コア材の前記半導体素子側の第1の主表面に形成された第1の導体層と、前記コア材の前記第1の主表面と反対側の第2の主表面に形成された第2の導体層とを含み、
前記プリント基板には、前記第1の導体層と前記コア材と前記第2の導体層とを貫通するように形成された第1の貫通孔が形成されており、
前記第1の貫通孔内には、前記第1の貫通孔内から前記プリント基板の前記絶縁基板と反対側の第3の主表面を超えて、前記第1の貫通孔の外側まで、前記第1の主表面に交差する第1方向に延びる第1の金属柱部と、前記第1の貫通孔内における第1の導電性部材との双方が配置されており、
前記第1の貫通孔内において、前記第1の金属柱部の前記第1方向に延びる表面と前記プリント基板とが前記第1の導電性部材を介して接続され、
前記信号電極と、前記第1の金属柱部とが、第2の導電性部材を介して接続され、
前記主電極と前記プリント基板とが第3の導電性部材を介して接続される、電力用半導体装置。 - 前記第1の金属柱部の前記第1方向についての前記絶縁基板側の端部は前記信号電極と間隔をあけて配置されている、請求項1に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記絶縁基板から前記プリント基板まで前記第1方向に延びる第2の金属柱部が複数配置されており、
前記複数の第2の金属柱部のうちの1つは、平面視における前記プリント基板の中央を含むように配置され、
前記複数の第2の金属柱部は、平面視において前記絶縁基板の中心に関して互いに点対称となる位置に配置されている、請求項1または2に記載の電力用半導体装置。 - 前記プリント基板には、前記第1の導体層と前記コア材と前記第2の導体層とを貫通するように形成された第2の貫通孔が、前記第1の貫通孔と互いに間隔をあけて複数形成されており、
前記複数の第2の金属柱部のそれぞれは、前記複数の第2の貫通孔内から前記第3の主表面を超えて前記第2の貫通孔の外側まで、前記第1方向に延びる、請求項3に記載の電力用半導体装置。 - 前記第2の貫通孔内において、前記第2の金属柱部の前記第1方向に延びる表面と前記プリント基板とが第4の導電性部材を介して接続される、請求項4に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記第1の金属柱部は、前記第1の貫通孔の内部を含み前記第1の貫通孔に沿って延びる第1の柱状部と、前記第1の貫通孔の外部にて前記第1の柱状部の延びる方向における一方の端部に繋がるように配置される第1の頭部とを含み、
前記第2の金属柱部は、前記第2の貫通孔の内部を含み前記第2の貫通孔に沿って延びる第2の柱状部と、前記第2の貫通孔の外部にて前記第2の柱状部の延びる方向における一方の端部に繋がるように配置される第2の頭部とを含む、請求項4または5に記載の電力用半導体装置。 - 前記第1の頭部および前記第2の頭部は前記第2の導体層の表面と接触するように配置される、請求項6に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記複数の第1の金属柱部および前記複数の第2の金属柱部のそれぞれが前記第1方向について前記プリント基板の前記第1の貫通孔および前記第2の貫通孔のそれぞれの外側に配置される部分は、前記絶縁基板側に延びる第1の長さよりも、前記絶縁基板と反対側に延びる第2の長さの方が大きい、請求項4または5に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記複数の第1の金属柱部のそれぞれが前記プリント基板の前記第3の主表面から前記第1の貫通孔の外側を前記第1方向に延びる長さと、前記複数の第2の金属柱部のそれぞれが前記プリント基板の前記第3の主表面から前記第2の貫通孔の外側を前記第1方向に延びる長さとが同じである、請求項4または5に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記第1方向に関して、前記第2の金属柱部は前記第1の金属柱部よりも寸法が大きい、請求項3〜9のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記第1の金属柱部および前記第2の金属柱部は、前記第1方向に関する少なくとも一部において、前記プリント基板側から前記絶縁基板側に向けて、前記一方の主表面に沿う方向の寸法が漸次小さくなる、請求項3〜10のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記第2の金属柱部は、前記第1方向についての前記絶縁基板側の端部が前記絶縁基板の前記一方の主表面に接触している、請求項3〜11のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記絶縁基板の前記一方の主表面には凹部が形成されており、
前記第2の金属柱部の前記第1方向についての前記絶縁基板側の端部は前記凹部内に配置されている、請求項3〜11のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置。 - 請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置を有し、入力される電力を変換して出力する主変換回路と、
前記主変換回路を制御する制御信号を前記主変換回路に出力する制御回路と備えた電力変換装置。 - 信号電極が形成された半導体素子を一方の主表面上に接合した絶縁基板を準備する工程と、
コア材と、前記コア材の第1の主表面に形成された第1の導体層と、前記コア材の前記第1の主表面と反対側の第2の主表面に形成された第2の導体層とを含み、前記第1の導体層と前記コア材と前記第2の導体層とを貫通するように第1の貫通孔を形成されたプリント基板を準備する工程と、
前記第1の貫通孔内から前記第1の貫通孔の外側まで延びる第1の金属柱部を配置する工程と、
前記信号電極に第1の貫通孔外導電性部材を介して前記第1の金属柱部を接続し、前記絶縁基板の前記一方の主表面に第2の貫通孔外導電性部材を介して第2の金属柱部を接続するように、前記プリント基板を前記絶縁基板に対向させ接合する工程とを備え、
前記第1の貫通孔内には、前記第1の金属柱部と、第1の貫通孔内導電性部材との双方が配置され、前記第1の貫通孔内において前記第1の金属柱部の前記第1の主表面に交差する第1方向に延びる表面と前記プリント基板とが前記第1の貫通孔内導電性部材を介して接続されるように形成される、電力用半導体装置の製造方法。
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