JPWO2019188759A1 - 電気化学デバイス - Google Patents
電気化学デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2019188759A1 JPWO2019188759A1 JP2020509947A JP2020509947A JPWO2019188759A1 JP WO2019188759 A1 JPWO2019188759 A1 JP WO2019188759A1 JP 2020509947 A JP2020509947 A JP 2020509947A JP 2020509947 A JP2020509947 A JP 2020509947A JP WO2019188759 A1 JPWO2019188759 A1 JP WO2019188759A1
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
[電気化学デバイス]
本実施形態に係る電気化学デバイスは、正極と、負極と、これらの間に介在するセパレータとが巻回された巻回素子、および電解液を備えている。
(正極)
正極11は、正極材料を含む。正極11は、通常、正極材料と、正極材料を担持する正極集電体とを含んでいる。
(負極)
負極12は、負極材料を含む。負極12は、通常、負極材料と負極材料を担持する負極集電体とを含んでいる。
(セパレータ)
セパレータ13としては、微多孔膜、織布、不織布などが好ましい。セパレータを構成する材料としては、有機材料(ポリオレフィン、セルロースなどの高分子材料など)、無機材料(ガラスなど)などが挙げられる。織布や不織布を構成する繊維としては、ポリオレフィンなどのポリマー繊維、セルロース繊維、ガラス繊維などが挙げられる。これらの材料が併用されていてもよい。
(電解液)
電気化学デバイス100は、電解液を含む。電解液は、カチオンとアニオンとを含む。カチオンは、少なくともリチウムイオンを含むことが好ましい。リチウムイオンを含む電解液は、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する。このような電解液としては、例えば、リチウム塩と、リチウム塩を溶解させる非水溶媒とを含む非水電解液が好ましい。このとき、リチウム塩のアニオンは、正極11へのドープと脱ドープとを、可逆的に繰り返すことが可能である。一方、カチオン(好ましくはリチウム塩に由来するリチウムイオン)は、可逆的に負極12に吸蔵および放出される。
[電気化学デバイスの製造方法]
以下、本開示に係る電気化学デバイス100の製造方法の一例について、図2〜図4を参照しながら説明する。ただし、本開示に係る電気化学デバイス100の製造方法はこれに限定されるものではない。
[実施例]
以下、本開示を実施例および比較例に基づいて具体的に説明するが、本開示は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
(実施例1〜8および比較例1)
(1)正極の作製
厚さ30μmのアルミニウム箔を正極集電体として準備した。一方、アニリンおよび硫酸を含むアニリン水溶液を準備した。
(2)負極の作製
厚さ20μmの銅箔を負極集電体として準備した。一方、負極活物質(SiO(第1材料)および人造黒鉛の総量)97質量部と、カルボキシセルロース1質量部と、スチレンブタジエンゴム2質量部とを混合した混合粉末と、所定量の水とを混錬した負極合剤ペーストを調製した。SiOと人造黒鉛との質量比は、負極材料(固形分)中の第1材料の比率(質量%)が表1に示す値となるように調節した。
(3)巻回素子の作製
正極と負極にそれぞれリードタブを接続した後、図2および図4に示すように、セルロース製不織布のセパレータ(厚さ35μm)と、正極と、セルロース製不織布のセパレータ(厚さ35μm)と、負極とを、この順序で重ね合わせた積層体を巻回して、巻回素子を形成した。正極と負極とセパレータとを積層する際には、第1領域の長さL1および第2領域の長さL2が、表1に示す値となるように負極の長さを調節した。ただし、最内周側および/または最外周側の電極が正極である場合には、正極の、負極と対向しない領域の長さを、表1のL1および/またはL2の欄に記載した。
(4)電解液の調製
プロピレンカーボネートとジメチルカーボネートとの体積比1:1の混合物に、ビニレンカーボネートを0.2質量%添加して、溶媒を調製した。得られた溶媒にリチウム塩としてLiPF6を所定濃度で溶解させて、カチオンとしてリチウムイオンを、アニオンとしてヘキサフルオロ燐酸イオン(PF6 −)を、それぞれ含む非水電解液を調製した。
(5)電気化学デバイスの作製
開口を有する有底の容器に、巻回素子と電解液とを収容し、図1に示すような電気化学デバイスを組み立てた。その後、正極と負極との端子間に3.8Vの充電電圧を印加しながら25℃で24時間エージングし、リチウムイオンの負極へのプレドープを進行させた。
(評価)
得られた電気化学デバイスについて、下記の評価を行った。
(参考例1)
負極活物質として人造黒鉛のみを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、負極および電気化学デバイスを作製し、評価を行った。
(実施例9〜11)
負極材料中の第1材料の比率を11質量%に変更した。実施例10〜11では、さらにL1およびL2が表2に示す値となるように負極の長さを調節した。これら以外は、実施例1と同様にして、負極および電気化学デバイスを作製し、評価を行った。
(実施例12および13)
L1およびL2が、表3に示す値となるように負極の長さを調節したこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして負極および電気化学デバイスを作製し、評価を行った。
11:正極
12:負極
12a:負極の最内周側の端部
12b:負極の最外周側の端部
13:セパレータ
14:巻止めテープ
100:電気化学デバイス
101:容器
102:封口体
104A、104B:リード線
105A、105B:リードタブ
A1:第1領域
A2:第2領域
L1:第1領域の長さ
L2:第2領域の長さ
Claims (8)
- 正極材料を含む正極と、負極材料を含む負極と、前記正極および前記負極の間に介在するセパレータと、が巻回された巻回素子、ならびに電解液を備え、
前記電解液は、カチオンとアニオンとを含み、
前記正極材料は、充放電により前記アニオンをドープおよび脱ドープする導電性高分子を含み、
前記負極材料は、充放電により前記カチオンを吸蔵および放出する負極活物質を含み、
前記負極活物質は、SiOx(0<x<2)を含み、
前記巻回素子の最内周側の電極および最外周側の電極の少なくとも一方は、前記負極である、電気化学デバイス。 - 少なくとも前記最内周側の電極は、前記負極である、請求項1に記載の電気化学デバイス。
- 前記最内周側において、前記負極の前記正極と対向しない領域の長さL1は、5mm以上20mm以下である、請求項2に記載の電気化学デバイス。
- 前記最外周側の電極は、前記負極であり、
前記最外周側において、前記負極の前記正極と対向しない領域の長さL2は、5mm以上20mm以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学デバイス。 - 前記負極材料中のSiOxの比率は、0.5質量%以上10質量%以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学デバイス。
- 前記xは、0.5≦x≦1.5を充足する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学デバイス。
- 前記負極材料は、さらに黒鉛を含む請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学デバイス。
- 前記導電性高分子は、ポリアニリン類を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の電気化学デバイス。
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