JPWO2019131904A1 - 接続構造体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents

接続構造体及びその製造方法 Download PDF

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JPWO2019131904A1
JPWO2019131904A1 JP2019562183A JP2019562183A JPWO2019131904A1 JP WO2019131904 A1 JPWO2019131904 A1 JP WO2019131904A1 JP 2019562183 A JP2019562183 A JP 2019562183A JP 2019562183 A JP2019562183 A JP 2019562183A JP WO2019131904 A1 JPWO2019131904 A1 JP WO2019131904A1
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conductive
substrate
electrode
adhesive
conductive particle
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JP7314801B2 (ja
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哲之 白川
哲之 白川
崇洋 福井
崇洋 福井
槙之介 岩元
槙之介 岩元
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Resonac Corp
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Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Showa Denko Materials Co Ltd
Resonac Corp
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Abstract

本発明は、一態様において、第1の基板及び第1の基板上に形成された第1の電極を有する第1の電子部材と、第2の基板及び第2の基板上に形成された第2の電極を有する第2の電子部材との間に接着剤層を配置し、第1の電極と第2の電極とが互いに電気的に接続するように、第1の電子部材と第2の電子部材とを接着剤層を介して圧着する工程を備える、接続構造体の製造方法であって、第1の電子部材は、第1の電極の第1の基板と反対側に形成された絶縁層を更に有し、接着剤層は、デンドライト状の導電粒子である第1の導電粒子と、第1の導電粒子以外の導電粒子であって、非導電性の核体及び該核体上に設けられた導電層を有する導電粒子である第2の導電粒子と、を含有する、製造方法である。

Description

本発明は、接続構造体及びその製造方法に関する。
近年、半導体、液晶ディスプレイ等の分野において、電子部品の固定、回路の接続等のために各種接着剤が使用されている。これらの用途では、電子部品、回路等の高密度化及び高精細化が進み、接着剤にもより高い水準の性能が求められている。
例えば、液晶ディスプレイとTCP(Tape Carrier Package)との接続、FPC(Flexible Printed Circuit)とTCPとの接続、又は、FPCとプリント配線板との接続には、接着剤中に導電粒子を分散させた接着剤が使用されている。このような接着剤では、被着体間の導電性及び信頼性をより一層高めることが要求される。
例えば特許文献1には、基材フィルム上に、所定のデンドライト状銀被覆銅粉粒子を含有する導電膜を備えた導電性フィルムが記載されており、かかる導電性フィルムにより、銀粉を配合しなくても充分な導電特性が得られることが開示されている。
国際公開第2014/021037号
ところで、電子部材の製造工程において、電極上に絶縁層を形成する場合がある。この場合、電子部材同士を接続する際には、電極同士を良好に接続するために絶縁層を予め除去することが一般的である。しかし、絶縁層を除去する工程は電子部材の製造工程において負担になるため、絶縁層を除去せずに電子部材同士を接続できることが求められており、さらに、その接続の際の圧力が低いほど(例えば1.0MPa程度)望ましい。
そこで、本発明の目的は、絶縁層が形成された電子部材を低圧で接続できる接続構造体の製造方法及び接続構造体を提供することにある。
本発明は、一態様において、第1の基板及び第1の基板上に形成された第1の電極を有する第1の電子部材と、第2の基板及び第2の基板上に形成された第2の電極を有する第2の電子部材との間に接着剤層を配置し、第1の電極と第2の電極とが互いに電気的に接続するように、第1の電子部材と第2の電子部材とを接着剤層を介して圧着する工程を備える、接続構造体の製造方法であって、第1の電子部材は、第1の電極の第1の基板と反対側に形成された絶縁層を更に有し、接着剤層は、デンドライト状の導電粒子である第1の導電粒子と、第1の導電粒子以外の導電粒子であって、非導電性の核体及び該核体上に設けられた導電層を有する導電粒子である第2の導電粒子と、を含有する、製造方法である。
本発明は、他の一態様において、第1の基板、第1の基板上に形成された第1の電極、及び第1の電極の第1の基板と反対側に形成された絶縁層を有する第1の電子部材と、第2の基板、及び第2の基板上に形成された第2の電極を有する第2の電子部材と、第1の電極と第2の電極とを互いに電気的に接続する接続部材と、を備え、接続部材は、デンドライト状の導電粒子である第1の導電粒子と、第1の導電粒子以外の導電粒子であって、非導電性の核体及び該核体上に設けられた導電層を有する導電粒子である第2の導電粒子と、を含有する、接続構造体である。
上記の各態様において、導電層は、好ましくは、金、ニッケル及びパラジウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する。
本発明によれば、絶縁層が形成された電子部材を低圧で接続できる接続構造体の製造方法及び接続構造体を提供することができる。
接続構造体の製造方法の一実施形態を示す模式断面図である。 接続構造体の一実施形態を示す模式断面図である。 実施例における評価用の接続構造体の作製方法を示す模式図である。 実施例における接続抵抗の測定方法を示す模式図である。
以下、図面を適宜参照しながら、本発明の実施形態について詳細に説明する。
図1は、接続構造体の製造方法の一実施形態を示す模式断面図である。図1に示すように、この製造方法では、まず、第1の電子部材1と、第2の電子部材2と、接着剤フィルム(接着剤層)3とを用意する。
第1の電子部材1は、第1の基板4と、第1の基板4の主面上に形成された第1の電極5と、第1の電極5の第1の基板4と反対側に形成された絶縁層6を備えている。第2の電子部材2は、第2の基板7と、第2の基板7の主面上に形成された第2の電極8とを備えている。第2の電子部材も、第1の電子部材1と同様の絶縁層を、第2の電極8の第2の基板7と反対側に更に備えていてもよい。第2の電子部材が絶縁層を更に備える場合、第1の電子部材と第2の電子部材とは、互いに同種であってもよく異種であってもよい。
第1の基板4及び第2の基板7は、それぞれ、ガラス、セラミック、ポリイミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、ポリエーテルスルホン等で形成された基板であってよい。第1の電極5及び第2の電極8は、それぞれ、金、銀、銅、錫、アルミニウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、白金、インジウム錫酸化物(ITO)等で形成された電極であってよい。第1の電極5及び第2の電極8の厚さは、それぞれ、例えば、5μm以上、10μm以上、又は20μm以上であってよく、200μm以下、100μm以下、又は50μm以下であってよい。
絶縁層6は、例えば、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、ナイロン等のポリアミドなどのポリマーで形成されている。絶縁層6の厚さは、例えば、1μm以上、2μm以上、又は3μm以上であってよく、8μm以下、6μm以下、又は4μm以下であってよい。このような絶縁層6は、例えば、第1の基板4の主面上に形成された第1の電極5上に、上記ポリマーのフィルムのような絶縁性フィルムを配置することによって形成される。
接着剤フィルム3は、一実施形態において、接着剤成分9と、接着剤成分9中に分散された第1の導電粒子10及び第2の導電粒子11とを含有する接着剤層で構成されている。
接着剤成分9は、例えば熱又は光により硬化性を示す材料で構成されており、エポキシ系接着剤、ラジカル硬化型の接着剤、ポリウレタン、ポリビニルエステル等を含有する熱可塑性接着剤などであってよい。接着剤成分9は、接着後の耐熱性及び耐湿性に優れていることから、架橋性材料で構成されていてもよい。エポキシ系接着剤は、熱硬化性樹脂であるエポキシ樹脂を主成分として含有する。エポキシ系接着剤は、短時間硬化が可能で接続作業性が良く、接着性に優れている等の点で好ましく用いられる。ラジカル硬化型の接着剤は、エポキシ系接着剤よりも低温短時間での硬化性に優れている等の特徴を有するため、用途に応じて適宜用いられる。
エポキシ系接着剤は、例えば、エポキシ樹脂(熱硬化性材料)及び硬化剤を含有し、必要に応じて、熱可塑性樹脂、カップリング剤、充填剤等を更に含有していてよい。
エポキシ樹脂としては、例えば、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールS型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールAノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールFノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、脂環式エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルエステル型エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルアミン型エポキシ樹脂、ヒダントイン型エポキシ樹脂、イソシアヌレート型エポキシ樹脂、脂肪族鎖状エポキシ樹脂等が挙げられる。これらのエポキシ樹脂は、ハロゲン化されていてもよく、水素添加されていてもよく、アクリロイル基又はメタクリロイル基が側鎖に付加された構造を有していてもよい。これらのエポキシ樹脂は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用される。
硬化剤としては、エポキシ樹脂を硬化させることができるものであれば特に制限はなく、例えば、アニオン重合性の触媒型硬化剤、カチオン重合性の触媒型硬化剤、重付加型の硬化剤等が挙げられる。これらのうち、速硬化性において優れ、化学当量的な考慮が不要である点から、アニオン又はカチオン重合性の触媒型硬化剤が好ましい。
アニオン又はカチオン重合性の触媒型硬化剤としては、例えば、イミダゾール、ヒドラジド、三フッ化ホウ素−アミン錯体、オニウム塩(芳香族スルホニウム塩、芳香族ジアゾニウム塩、脂肪族スルホニウム塩等)、アミンイミド、ジアミノマレオニトリル、メラミン及びその誘導体、ポリアミンの塩、ジシアンジアミド等が挙げられ、これらの変性物も使用することができる。重付加型の硬化剤としては、例えば、ポリアミン、ポリメルカプタン、ポリフェノール、酸無水物等が挙げられる。
これらの硬化剤は、ポリウレタン系、ポリエステル系等の高分子物質、ニッケル、銅等の金属薄膜、ケイ酸カルシウム等の無機物などで被覆されて、マイクロカプセル化された潜在性硬化剤であってよい。潜在性硬化剤は、可使時間が延長できるため好ましい。硬化剤は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用される。
硬化剤の含有量は、熱硬化性材料と必要により配合される熱可塑性樹脂との合計量100質量部に対して、0.05〜20質量部であってよい。
ラジカル硬化型の接着剤は、例えば、ラジカル重合性材料及びラジカル重合開始剤(硬化剤とも呼ばれる)を含有し、必要に応じて、熱可塑性樹脂、カップリング剤、充填剤等を更に含有していてよい。
ラジカル重合性材料としては、例えば、ラジカルにより重合する官能基を有する物質であれば特に制限なく使用することができる。具体的には、例えば、アクリレート(対応するメタクリレートも含む。以下同じ。)化合物、アクリロキシ(対応するメタアクリロキシも含む。以下同じ。)化合物、マレイミド化合物、シトラコンイミド樹脂、ナジイミド樹脂等のラジカル重合性材料が挙げられる。これらラジカル重合性材料は、モノマー又はオリゴマーの状態であってよく、モノマーとオリゴマーとの混合物の状態であってもよい。
アクリレート化合物としては、例えば、メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、イソプロピルアクリレート、イソブチルアクリレート、エチレングリコールジアクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、テトラメチロールメタンテトラアクリレート、2−ヒドロキシ−1,3−ジアクリロキシプロパン、2,2−ビス[4−(アクリロキシメトキシ)フェニル]プロパン、2,2−ビス[4−(アクリロキシポリエトキシ)フェニル]プロパン、ジシクロペンテニルアクリレート、トリシクロデカニルアクリレート、トリス(アクリロイロキシエチル)イソシアヌレート、ウレタンアクリレート、リン酸エステルジアクリレート等が挙げられる。
アクリレート化合物等のラジカル重合性材料は、必要により、ハイドロキノン、メチルエーテルハイドロキノン等の重合禁止剤と共に用いられてもよい。アクリレート化合物等のラジカル重合性材料は、耐熱性の向上の観点から、好ましくは、ジシクロペンテニル基、トリシクロデカニル基、トリアジン環等の置換基を少なくとも1種有する。アクリレート化合物以外のラジカル重合性材料としては、例えば、国際公開第2009/063827号に記載の化合物を好適に使用することが可能である。ラジカル重合性材料は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用される。
ラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば、加熱又は光の照射により分解して遊離ラジカルを発生する化合物であれば特に制限なく使用することができる。具体的には、例えば、過酸化化合物、アゾ系化合物等が挙げられる。これらの化合物は、目的とする接続温度、接続時間、ポットライフ等により適宜選定される。
ラジカル重合開始剤として、より具体的には、ジアシルパーオキサイド、パーオキシジカーボネート、パーオキシエステル、パーオキシケタール、ジアルキルパーオキサイド、ハイドロパーオキサイド、シリルパーオキサイド等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、パーオキシエステル、ジアルキルパーオキサイド、ハイドロパーオキサイド、シリルパーオキサイド等が好ましく、高反応性が得られるパーオキシエステルがより好ましい。これらのラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば、国際公開第2009/063827号に記載の化合物を好適に使用することが可能である。ラジカル重合開始剤は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用される。
ラジカル重合開始剤の含有量は、ラジカル重合性材料と必要により配合される熱可塑性樹脂との合計量100質量部に対して、0.1〜10質量部であってよい。
エポキシ系接着剤及びラジカル硬化型の接着剤において必要により配合される熱可塑性樹脂は、例えば、接着剤をフィルム状に成形しやすくする。熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリビニルホルマール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、キシレン樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリエステルウレタン樹脂、フェノール樹脂、テルペンフェノール樹脂等が挙げられる。熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、国際公開第2009/063827号に記載の化合物を好適に使用することが可能である。これらの中でも、接着性、相溶性、耐熱性、機械的強度等が優れることから、フェノキシ樹脂が好ましい。熱可塑性樹脂は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用される。
熱可塑性樹脂の含有量は、エポキシ系接着剤に配合される場合、熱可塑性樹脂及び熱硬化性材料の合計量100質量部に対し、5〜80質量部であってよい。熱可塑性樹脂の含有量は、ラジカル硬化型の接着剤に配合される場合、熱可塑性樹脂及びラジカル重合性材料の合計量100質量部に対し、5〜80質量部であってよい。
接着剤成分9の他の例として、熱可塑性樹脂と、30℃にてラジカル重合性材料と、ラジカル重合開始剤とを含有する熱ラジカル硬化型接着剤が挙げられる。熱ラジカル硬化型接着剤は、上述の接着剤に比べて低粘度である。熱ラジカル硬化型接着剤におけるラジカル重合性材料の含有量は、熱可塑性樹脂及びラジカル重合性材料の合計量100質量部に対し、好ましくは20〜80質量部、より好ましくは30〜80質量部、更に好ましくは40〜80質量部である。
接着剤成分9は、熱可塑性樹脂と、30℃にて液状のエポキシ樹脂を含む熱硬化性材料と、硬化剤とを含有するエポキシ系接着剤であってもよい。この場合、エポキシ系接着剤におけるエポキシ樹脂の含有量は、熱可塑性樹脂及び熱硬化性材料の合計量100質量部に対し、好ましくは20〜80質量部、より好ましくは40〜80質量部、更に好ましくは30〜80質量部である。
接着剤フィルム3が、ICチップと、ガラス基板、フレキシブルプリント基板(FPC)等との接続に用いられる場合、ICチップと基板との線膨張係数の差に起因する基板の反りを抑制する観点から、接着剤成分9は、好ましくは、内部応力の緩和作用を発揮する成分を更に含有する。かかる成分としては、具体的には、アクリルゴム、エラストマ成分等が挙げられる。あるいは、接着剤成分9は、国際公開第98/44067号に記載されているようなラジカル硬化型接着剤であってもよい。
接着剤フィルム3に占める接着剤成分9の体積割合は、接着剤フィルム3の全体積基準で、例えば、55体積%以上又は65体積%以上であってよく、95体積%以下又は85体積%以下であってよい。
第1の導電粒子10は、デンドライト状(樹枝状ともよばれる)を呈しており、一本の主軸と、該主軸から二次元的又は三次元的に分岐する複数の枝とを備えている。第1の導電粒子10は、銅、銀等の金属で形成されていてよく、例えば銅粒子が銀で被覆されてなる銀被覆銅粒子であってよい。
第1の導電粒子10は、公知のものであってよく、具体的には、例えばACBY−2(三井金属鉱業株式会社)、CE−1110(福田金属箔粉工業株式会社)、#FSP(JX金属株式会社)、#51−R(JX金属株式会社)等として入手可能である。あるいは、第1の導電粒子10は、公知の方法(例えば、上述の特許文献1に記載の方法)により製造することも可能である。
接着剤フィルム3における第1の導電粒子10の含有量(接着剤フィルム3に占める第1の導電粒子10の体積割合)は、接着剤フィルム3の全体積基準で、2体積%以上又は8体積%以上であってよく、25体積%以下又は15体積%以下であってよい。
第2の導電粒子11は、非導電性の核体と、該核体上に設けられた導電層とを有している。核体は、ガラス、セラミック、樹脂等の非導電性材料で形成されており、好ましくは樹脂で形成されている。樹脂としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ポリブタジエン樹脂又はこれら樹脂を構成するモノマーの共重合体が挙げられる。核体の平均粒径は、例えば2〜30μmであってよい。
導電層は、例えば、金、銀、銅、ニッケル、パラジウム又はこれらの合金で形成されている。導電層は、導電性に優れる観点から、好ましくは、金、ニッケル及びパラジウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有し、より好ましくは金又はパラジウムを含有し、更に好ましくは金を含有する。導電層は、例えば核体に上記金属をめっきすることにより形成される。導電層の厚さは、例えば10〜400nmであってよい。
第2の導電粒子11の平均粒径は、フィルムを好適に薄膜化できる観点から、好ましくは30μm以下、より好ましくは25μm以下、更に好ましくは20μm以下である。第2の導電粒子11の平均粒径は、例えば1μm以上であってよい。第2の導電粒子11及びそれを構成する核体の平均粒径は、レーザー回折・散乱法を用いた粒度分布測定装置(マイクロトラック(製品名、日機装株式会社))により測定される。
接着剤フィルム3における第2の導電粒子11の含有量(接着剤フィルム3に占める第2の導電粒子11の体積割合)は、接着剤フィルム3の全体積基準で、2体積%以上又は5体積%以上であってよく、20体積%以下又は10体積%以下であってよい。
接着剤フィルム3の厚さは、例えば、5μm以上、7μm以上、又は10μm以上であってよく、30μm以下、25μm以下、又は20μm以下であってよい。
接着剤層は、例えばペースト状の接着剤組成物を第1の電子部材1又は第2の電子部材2上に塗布することにより用意してもよい。ペースト状の接着剤組成物は、例えば、接着剤成分、第1の導電粒子及び第2の導電粒子を含む混合物を、加熱する又は溶剤に溶解させることにより得られる。溶剤としては、例えば大気圧下での沸点が50〜150℃である溶剤が用いられる。
接続構造体の製造方法では、続いて、第1の電子部材1と第2の電子部材2との間に接着剤フィルム(接着剤層)3を配置し、第1の電子部材1と第2の電子部材2とを、接着剤フィルム(接着剤層)3を介して圧着する。具体的には、第1の電極5と第2の電極8とが互いに電気的に接続されるように、第1の電子部材1、接着剤フィルム(接着剤層)3、及び第2の電子部材2の積層方向に加圧すると共に加熱する。加熱温度は、例えば50〜190℃である。圧力は、例えば0.1〜30MPaである。これらの加熱及び加圧は、例えば0.5秒間〜120秒間の範囲で行われる。
以上の製造方法により、接続構造体が得られる。図2は、接続構造体の一実施形態を示す模式断面図である。図2に示すように、接続構造体20は、第1の基板4、第1の基板4上に形成された第1の電極5、及び第1の電極5の第1の基板4と反対側に形成された絶縁層6を有する第1の電子部材1と、第2の基板7、及び第2の基板7上に形成された第2の電極8を有する第2の電子部材2と、第1の電極5と第2の電極8とを互いに電気的に接続する接続部材21とを備えている。
接続部材21は、接着剤成分9の硬化物22と、該硬化物22中に分散された第1の導電粒子10及び第2の導電粒子11とを含んでいる。すなわち、接続部材21は、上述の接着剤フィルム3を硬化してなるものである。
本実施形態に係る接続構造体の製造方法では、第1の導電粒子10と第2の導電粒子11とを併用することにより、絶縁層6が形成された第1の電子部材1を好適に接続できる。すなわち、接着剤フィルム3に含まれる第1の導電粒子10がデンドライト状であるため、電子部材1,2同士を圧着する際に、図2に示すように、第1の導電粒子10が絶縁層6を突き破って第1の電極5と電気的に接続することが可能となる。加えて、第2の導電粒子11が第1の電極5と第2の電極8とを導通させる主たる導通経路となるため、例えば第1の導電粒子10のみを含有する接着剤フィルムを用いた場合に比べて、低圧でも好適な接続が実現されると共に、信頼性の点でも優れている。
上記実施形態では、接着剤フィルム3が、接着剤成分9、第1の導電粒子10及び第2の導電粒子11を含有する接着剤層1層から構成されているが、他の一実施形態では、接着剤フィルムは、2層以上で構成されていてもよい。この場合、第1の導電粒子10及び第2の導電粒子11は、2層以上のうちの少なくとも1層に含まれていればよく、互いに同じ層に含まれていても異なる層に含まれていてもよい。また、2層以上に含まれる接着剤成分9、第1の導電粒子10及び第2の導電粒子11のそれぞれは、互いに同じであっても異なっていてもよい。
他の一実施形態では、接着剤フィルムは、第1の導電粒子10を含有する第1の接着剤層と、第2の導電粒子11を含有する第2の接着剤層とを備えていてよい。この場合、第1の接着剤層は第2の導電粒子11を含有していなくてよく、第2の接着剤層は第1の導電粒子10を含有していなくてよい。この実施形態に係る接着剤フィルムを用いる場合、第1の導電粒子10が絶縁層6を突き破るという上述の効果がより好適に得られる観点から、電子部材1,2間に接着剤フィルムを配置する際に、第1の導電粒子10を含有する第1の接着剤層を、絶縁層6を有する第1の電子部材1側に向けて配置することが好ましい。
他の一実施形態では、接着剤フィルムは、第1の導電粒子10及び第2の導電粒子11を含有する第1の接着剤層と、導電粒子を含有しない(接着剤成分のみからなる)第2の接着剤層とを備えていてよい。この実施形態に係る接着剤フィルムを用いる場合、第1の導電粒子10が絶縁層6を突き破るという上述の効果がより好適に得られる観点から、電子部材1,2間に接着剤フィルムを配置する際に、第1の導電粒子10を含有する第1の接着剤層を、絶縁層6を有する第1の電子部材1側に向けて配置することが好ましい。
また、この接着剤フィルムは、例えば第2の電子部材2における第2の電極8が凹凸形状を有している場合に好適に用いられる。すなわち、この接着剤フィルムでは、導電粒子を含有しない第2の接着剤層(接着剤成分)が流動しやすくなっているため、電子部材1,2の圧着時に第2の電極8の凹凸形状に沿って流動できる。したがって、電子部材1,2間に接着剤成分が良好に充填されることによって、電子部材1,2同士の好適な接着が可能となる。
他の一実施形態では、接着剤フィルムは、第1の導電粒子10を含有する第1の接着剤層と、第2の導電粒子11を含有する第2の接着剤層と、第1の導電粒子10を含有する第3の接着剤層とをこの順に備えていてよい。この場合、第1の接着剤層及び第3の接着剤層は第2の導電粒子11を含有していなくてよく、第2の接着剤層は第1の導電粒子10を含有していなくてよい。この実施形態に係る接着剤フィルムは、第2の電子部材にも絶縁層6が設けられている場合に好適に用いられる。すなわち、この接着剤フィルムでは、第1の導電粒子10が接着剤フィルムの両側に配置されているため、第2の電子部材に絶縁層6が設けられている場合であっても、第1の導電粒子10が好適に当該絶縁層6を突き破ることができる。
以下、実施例に基づいて本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
(溶液A1の調製)
フェノキシ樹脂(ユニオンカーバイド株式会社製、製品名:PKHC、重量平均分子量:45000)50gを、トルエン(沸点:110.6℃)と酢酸エチル(沸点:77.1℃)との混合溶剤(質量比でトルエン:酢酸エチル=1:1)に溶解して、固形分40質量%のフェノキシ樹脂溶液を得た。このフェノキシ樹脂溶液に、ラジカル重合性材料として、ウレタンアクリレート(根上工業株式会社製、製品名:UN7700)及びリン酸エステルジメタクリレート(共栄社化学株式会社製、製品名:ライトエステルP−2M)と、硬化剤として1,1−ビス(t−ヘキシルパーオキシ)−3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサン(日油株式会社製、製品名:パーヘキサTMH)とを、フェノキシ樹脂:ウレタンアクリレート:リン酸エステルジメタクリレート:硬化剤=10:10:3:2の固形質量比で配合し溶液A1を得た。
導電粒子B1(第1の導電粒子)として、デンドライト状の導電粒子(銀被覆銅粒子、三井金属鉱業株式会社製、製品名:ACBY−2)を用いた。
(導電粒子C1の作製)
まず、ジビニルベンゼン、スチレンモノマー及びブチルメタクリレートの混合溶液に、重合開始剤としてベンゾイルパーオキサイドを投入して、高速で均一撹拌しながら加熱して重合反応を行うことで微粒子分散液を得た。この微粒子分散液をろ過し減圧乾燥することで、微粒子の凝集体であるブロック体を得た。さらに、このブロック体を粉砕することで、それぞれ架橋密度の異なる平均粒子径20μmの核体(樹脂粒子)を作製した。
次に、上記の核体の表面に、パラジウム触媒(ムロマチテクノス株式会社製、製品名:MK−2605)を担持させて、促進剤(ムロマチテクノス株式会社製、製品名:MK−370)にて活性化させた核体を、60℃に加温された、硫酸ニッケル水溶液、次亜燐酸ナトリウム水溶液及び酒石酸ナトリウム水溶液の混合液中に投入して、無電解メッキ前工程を行った。この混合物を20分間撹拌し、水素の発泡が停止するのを確認した。次に、硫酸ニッケル、次亜リン酸ナトリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム及びメッキ安定剤の混合溶液を添加し、pHが安定するまで撹拌し、水素の発泡が停止するまで無電解メッキ後工程を行った。続いて、メッキ液を濾過し、濾過物を水で洗浄した後、80℃の真空乾燥機で乾燥してニッケルメッキされた導電粒子C1(第2の導電粒子)を作製した。
[実施例1]
<接着剤フィルムの作製>
100体積部の溶液A1に対して、45体積部の導電粒子B1と15体積部の導電粒子C1を分散させて、混合溶液を得た。得られた混合溶液を、厚さ80μmのフッ素樹脂フィルム上に塗布し、70℃で10分間熱風乾燥することにより溶剤を除去して、フッ素樹脂フィルム上に形成された厚さ20μmの接着剤フィルム(接着剤層)を得た。
得られた接着剤フィルムを接続部材に用いたときの特性を以下に示す手順で評価した。
<接続構造体の作製及び評価>
(低圧接続時の導電性の評価)
図3(a),(b)に示すように、得られたフィルム状の接着剤組成物を6mm×6mmに切り出した接着剤フィルム31を、6mm×50mmの銅箔32の略中央に配置し、株式会社大橋製作所製BD−07を用いて加熱加圧(50℃、0.1MPa、2秒間)を行って貼り付けた。続いて、図3(c),(d)に示すように、50mm×6mmのアルミ箔表面に、絶縁層として厚さ2μmのポリプロピレン層を形成したアルミラミネートフィルム(藤森工業株式会社製、製品名:アルミナミネートフィルムZBP−0513)33を用意した。銅箔32と接着剤フィルム31との積層体に対して、接着剤フィルム31を覆うようにアルミラミネートフィルム33を重ねて、株式会社大橋製作所製BD−07で加熱加圧(150℃、1.0MPa、10秒間)を行った。これにより、銅箔32、接着剤フィルム31、絶縁層(ポリプロピレン層)及びアルミ箔がこの順で積層された評価用の接続構造体を得た。得られた接続構造体に対して、図4に示すように電流計及び電圧計を接続し、4端子法で接続抵抗(初期)を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
(信頼性の評価)
図3(a),(b)に示すように、得られたフィルム状の接着剤組成物を6mm×6mmに切り出した接着剤フィルム31を、6mm×50mmの銅箔32の略中央に配置し、株式会社大橋製作所製BD−07を用いて加熱加圧(50℃、0.5MPa、2秒間)を行って貼り付けた。続いて、図3(c),(d)に示すように、50mm×6mmのアルミ箔表面に、絶縁層として厚さ2μmのポリプロピレン層を形成したアルミラミネートフィルム(藤森工業株式会社製、製品名:アルミナミネートフィルムZBP−0513)33を用意した。銅箔32と接着剤フィルム31との積層体に対して接着剤フィルム31を覆うようにアルミラミネートフィルム33を重ねて、株式会社大橋製作所製BD−07で加熱加圧(150℃、3.0MPa、10秒間)を行った。これにより、銅箔32、接着剤フィルム31、絶縁層(ポリプロピレン層)及びアルミ箔がこの順で積層された評価用の接続構造体を得た。
得られた接続構造体に対して、図4に示すように電流計、電圧計を接続し、4端子法で接続抵抗(初期)を測定した。なお、端子をアルミラミネートフィルム33に接続する際には、端子を強く押し付けて充分に導通させた後に抵抗を測定した。また、エスペック株式会社製TSA−43ELを使用して、−20℃で30分間保持、10分間かけて100℃まで昇温、100℃で30分間保持、10分間かけて−20℃まで降温、というヒートサイクルを500回繰り返すヒートサイクル試験を接続構造体に対して行った後に、上記と同様にして接続抵抗(ヒートサイクル試験後)を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
[比較例1]
第1の接着剤層及び第2の接着剤層において、導電粒子B1(第1の導電粒子)を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして、接着剤フィルムの作製、並びに、接続構造体の作製及び評価を行った。
[比較例2]
第1の接着剤層及び第2の接着剤層において、導電粒子C1(第2の導電粒子)を用いなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして、接着剤フィルムの作製、並びに、接続構造体の作製及び評価を行った。
Figure 2019131904
1…第1の電子部材、2…第2の電子部材、3…接着剤フィルム(接着剤層)、4…第1の基板、5…第1の電極、6…絶縁層、7…第2の基板、8…第2の電極、10…第1の導電粒子、11…第2の導電粒子、20…接続構造体、21…接続部材。

Claims (4)

  1. 第1の基板及び前記第1の基板上に形成された第1の電極を有する第1の電子部材と、第2の基板及び前記第2の基板上に形成された第2の電極を有する第2の電子部材との間に接着剤層を配置し、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極とが互いに電気的に接続するように、前記第1の電子部材と前記第2の電子部材とを前記接着剤層を介して圧着する工程を備える、接続構造体の製造方法であって、
    前記第1の電子部材は、前記第1の電極の前記第1の基板と反対側に形成された絶縁層を更に有し、
    前記接着剤層は、デンドライト状の導電粒子である第1の導電粒子と、前記第1の導電粒子以外の導電粒子であって、非導電性の核体及び該核体上に設けられた導電層を有する導電粒子である第2の導電粒子と、を含有する、製造方法。
  2. 前記導電層が、金、ニッケル及びパラジウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
  3. 第1の基板、前記第1の基板上に形成された第1の電極、及び前記第1の電極の前記第1の基板と反対側に形成された絶縁層を有する第1の電子部材と、
    第2の基板、及び前記第2の基板上に形成された第2の電極を有する第2の電子部材と、
    前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極とを互いに電気的に接続する接続部材と、を備え、
    前記接続部材は、デンドライト状の導電粒子である第1の導電粒子と、前記第1の導電粒子以外の導電粒子であって、非導電性の核体及び該核体上に設けられた導電層を有する導電粒子である第2の導電粒子と、を含有する、接続構造体。
  4. 前記導電層が、金、ニッケル及びパラジウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項3に記載の接続構造体。
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