JPWO2017069127A1 - 積層シート及び成形容器 - Google Patents
積層シート及び成形容器 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2017069127A1 JPWO2017069127A1 JP2017546554A JP2017546554A JPWO2017069127A1 JP WO2017069127 A1 JPWO2017069127 A1 JP WO2017069127A1 JP 2017546554 A JP2017546554 A JP 2017546554A JP 2017546554 A JP2017546554 A JP 2017546554A JP WO2017069127 A1 JPWO2017069127 A1 JP WO2017069127A1
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- Prior art keywords
- resin layer
- sheet
- biodegradable resin
- layer
- acid
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
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Abstract
Description
・酸化し得る化合物と遷移金属触媒
・エチレン系不飽和炭化水素と遷移金属触媒
・アスコルビン酸塩
・イソアスコルビン酸塩
・亜硫酸塩
・アスコルビン酸塩と遷移金属触媒(この触媒は単純金属または塩からなるもの)
・遷移金属の化合物、錯体またはキレート
・ポリカルボン酸、サリチル酸またはポリアミンの遷移金属錯体またはキレート
・タンニン
また、物品の形状は、フィルム、被覆、ライナー、その他の形態であってよいとしている。
しかし、特許文献1で提案されているPLAと酸素捕捉剤から成る物品について、酸素捕捉剤とは限られた空間を持つ密閉環境の中で脱酸素状態を作り出す目的で使用されるものが一般的であり、熱成形して外気からの酸素透過を抑制するような用途には限界がある。
しかしながら、特許文献2に記載の構成としては、フォイル層(箔層)、接着剤層、鉄ベースの酸素吸収剤を有するPLA層、および封止材層から成る多層積層構造が提案されており、当該構造を有するものは完全分解型の分解度を有さないことが容易に予想される。
また、上記の積層シートでは、前記生分解性樹脂層を構成する生分解性樹脂がポリ乳酸、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリヒドロキシブチレート、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート、ポリグリコール酸、変性ポリビニルアルコール、澱粉から選ばれる少なくとも1種を用いた。
また、上記の積層シートでは、前記生分解性樹脂がポリ乳酸を用いることが好ましい。
さらに、上記の積層シートでは、 シート全体の厚みが200〜1300μmであり、酸素バリア性樹脂層の厚みが10〜50μmである。
一方、本発明の成形容器は、上記の各種積層シートを熱成形してなる。
<積層シート>
本発明の一実施形態に係る積層シートの層構成は、前述の通り、生分解性樹脂層/接着層/酸素バリア性樹脂層/接着層/生分解性樹脂層であり、簡素的には表皮層/接着層/酸素バリア層/接着層/下皮層との表記とする。下皮層には、本発明の積層シートや成形容器を製造する工程で発生するスクラップを廃棄することなく、細かく粉砕、若しくは熱溶融後にリペレット化して再生品として戻す層を新たに設けた構成としてもよい。
生分解性樹脂層の厚みとしては、シート全体に対して生分解性樹脂層の質量パーセント合計がシート全体の90%以上とするような構成であれば、表皮層と下皮層とを同じ厚みとした上下対称型としても異なる厚みとした上下非対称型としても、どちらでもよい。上下非対称型の場合、特に深絞りの容器成形を行う際の薄肉化による構成層の断裂や破断を防ぐために、個々の生分解性樹脂層の質量パーセントがシート全体の10%以上であることが好ましい。
酸素バリア性樹脂層を構成する酸素バリア性樹脂としては、例えば、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリ塩化ビニリデンが代表的なものとして挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。その中でも、押出成形性の面でエチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体樹脂が好ましい。
接着層を構成する樹脂としては、変性ポリオレフィン系重合体が好ましい。接着層を構成する変性ポリオレフィン系重合体としては、エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン−1、3−メチルブテン−1、ペンテン−1、4−メチルペンテン−1、ヘキセン−1、オクテン−1、デセン−1等の炭素数2〜20程度の他のポリオレフィンや酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、アクリル酸エステル、メタクリル酸エステル、ポリスチレン等のビニル化合物との共重合体等のポリオレフィン系樹脂や、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−ジエン共重合体、エチレン−ブテン−1共重合体、プロピレン−ブテン−1共重合体等のポリオレフィン系ゴムを、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、イソクロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸等の不飽和カルボン酸、または、その酸ハライド、アミド、イミド、無水物、エステル等の誘導体、具体的には、塩化マレニル、マレイミド、無水マレイン酸、無水シトラコン酸、マレイン酸モノメチル、マレイン酸ジメチル、マレイン酸グリシジル等でグラフト反応条件下に変性したものが代表的なものとして挙げられる。
本発明の成形容器は、本発明の積層シートを熱成形してなる。熱成形方法としては、一般的な真空成形、圧空成形や、これらの応用として、シートの片面にプラグを接触させて成形を行うプラグアシスト法、また、シートの両面に一対をなす雄雌型を接触させて成形を行う、いわゆるマッチモールド成形と称される方法等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。また、成形前にシートを加熱軟化させる方法として非接触加熱である赤外線ヒーター等による輻射加熱やシートを加熱された熱盤に直接触れさせて軟化させる熱盤加熱等、公知のシート加熱方法を適用することができる。
以下、実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明は実施例等の内容に何ら限定されるものではない。
(1)生分解性樹脂
1.ポリ乳酸 「4032D」
(NatureWorks社製、密度:1.24g/cm3、
MFR:4.0g/10min.(190℃、2.16kgf))
2.ポリ乳酸 「GH501H」
(湖北合光社製、密度:1.24g/cm3、MFR:4.5g/10min.
(190℃、2.16kgf))
3.ポリ乳酸 「REVODE 190」
(海正生物社製、密度:1.24g/cm3、MFR:2.5g/10min.
(190℃、2.16kgf))
4.ポリブチレンサクシネート樹脂 「FD92」
(三菱化学社製、密度:1.24g/cm3、MFR:4.0g/10min.
(190℃、2.16kgf))
(2)酸素バリア性樹脂
エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH) 「エバールJ171B」
(クラレ社製、密度:1.18g/cm3、MFR:1.7g/10min.
(190℃、2.16kgf)、エチレン含量32mol%)
(3)接着層用樹脂
1.変性ポリエステル系重合体 「プリマロイGK320」
(三菱化学社製、密度:1.03g/cm3、MFR:10g/10min.
(230℃、2.16kgf))
2.変性ポリオレフィン系重合体(変性PO) 「モディックF563」
(三菱化学社製、密度:1.03g/cm3、MFR:3.0g/10min.
(190℃、2.16kgf))
フィードブロックを用いた押出成形加工により、表皮層と下皮層に生分解性樹脂として1のポリ乳酸「4032D」を用い、接着層用樹脂として1の変性ポリエステル系重合体「プリマロイGK320」を用い、生分解性樹脂層(10a)140μm/接着層(11a)15μm/酸素バリア性樹脂層(12)30μm/接着層(11b)15μm/生分解性樹脂層(10b)700μmとなる層構成を有し、総厚が900μmであり、生分解性樹脂層の質量パーセントがシート全体の94%となる多層の積層シートを得た。
接着層用樹脂として2の変性ポリオレフィン系重合体「モディックF563」を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の多層の積層シートを得た。
表皮層と下皮層に生分解性樹脂として2のポリ乳酸「GH501H」を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の多層の積層シートを得た。
表皮層と下皮層に生分解性樹脂として3のポリ乳酸「REVODE 190」を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の多層シートを得た。
生分解性樹脂として、樹脂1のポリ乳酸「4032D」95質量パーセントと樹脂4のポリブチレンサクシネート樹脂「FD92」5質量パーセントをブレンドする以外は実施例1と同様の多層の積層シートを得た。
フィードブロックを用いた押出成形加工により、表皮層と下皮層に生分解性樹脂として1のポリ乳酸「4032D」を用い、生分解性樹脂層(10a)30μm/接着層(11a)15μm/酸素バリア性樹脂層(12)30μm/接着層(11b)15μm/生分解性樹脂層(10b)110μmとなる層構成を有し、総厚が200μmであり、生分解性樹脂層の質量パーセント合計がシート全体の72%となる多層の積層シートを得た。
1台の単軸押出機を用い生分解性樹脂として1のポリ乳酸「4032D」を用いて総厚が700μmの単層シートを得た。
シート全体の酸素透過率を、以下の方法にて測定した。酸素透過率測定は、以下の高温高湿環境下への投入前後で測定を行った。
[測定方法] GB/T 1038準拠
使用機器:LabThink社製 VAC−V1
測定条件:23℃×65%R.H.
サンプルセット:基本的に、容器成形後の実用性を鑑みて、シートサンプルの下皮層側から酸素が透過するような向きにサンプルをセットする。
[土壌埋設試験による積層シートの質量変化]
微生物活性な土壌にシートを180日間埋設し、外観観察、質量測定などにより分解度とした。
[生分解性の評価方法]
培養温度は58℃±2℃としたコンポスト条件下に180日間保管した後、ISO14855に準拠する方法にて生分解性を評価した。なお、分解度が90%以上であれば、完全分解として評価される。
各実施例及び比較例の積層シートに対する酸素透過率の測定および生分解性の評価結果を表1にまとめている。
なお、上記実施例1〜4では、生分解性樹脂としてポリ乳酸を用い、実施例5では、生分解性樹脂としてポリ乳酸とポリブチレンサクシネートを混合したものを用いたが、特にこれらに限定されず、上記実施例1〜4では、生分解性樹脂としてポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリヒドロキシブチレート、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート、ポリグリコール酸、変性ポリビニルアルコール、澱粉から選択された1種を用いても良いし、又はポリ乳酸、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリヒドロキシブチレート、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート、ポリグリコール酸、変性ポリビニルアルコール、澱粉から選択された2種以上を混合したものを用いてもよい。この場合、上記各実施例と同じ効果を得ることができる。
10b 生分解性樹脂層
11a 接着層
11b 接着層
12 酸素バリア性樹脂層
Claims (5)
- 酸素バリア性樹脂層と、当該酸素バリア性樹脂層の両面に接着層を介してそれぞれ積層される生分解性樹脂層とを備え、前記生分解性樹脂層の質量パーセント合計がシート全体の90%以上であるとともに、個々の生分解性樹脂層の質量パーセントがシート全体の10%以上であり、且つシート全体の酸素透過率が10cc/m2・day以下であることを特徴とする積層シート。
- 前記生分解性樹脂層を構成する生分解性樹脂がポリ乳酸、ポリブチレンサクシネート、ポリヒドロキシブチレート、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート、ポリグリコール酸、変性ポリビニルアルコール、澱粉から選ばれる少なくとも1種を用いたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の積層シート。
- 前記生分解性樹脂がポリ乳酸を用いたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の積層シート。
- シート全体の厚みが200〜1300μmであり、酸素バリア性樹脂層の厚みが10〜50μmであることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の積層シート。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の積層シートを熱成形してなる成形容器。
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WO2019189745A1 (ja) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-03 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 生分解性積層体 |
JP7361456B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-16 | 2023-10-16 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 積層体及びコーヒーカプセル、食品容器、化粧品容器 |
WO2020067543A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | 樹脂組成物、成形品、及び樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
JP2020163613A (ja) | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-08 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 積層発泡シート |
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EP4427938A1 (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2024-09-11 | SK microworks Co., Ltd. | Multi-layer barrier film, method for producing same, and packaging material including same |
KR20230065588A (ko) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-12 | 에스케이마이크로웍스 주식회사 | 다층 배리어 필름, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 포장재 |
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DE102023102877A1 (de) * | 2023-02-07 | 2024-08-08 | Huhtamaki Flexible Packaging Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg | Biologisch abbaubares Verpackungsmaterial umfassend ein biologisch abbaubares Polymer-Verbundlagenmaterial mit erhöhter Sauerstoff- und Fett/Öl-Barriere |
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US20180304573A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
TWI781086B (zh) | 2022-10-21 |
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CN106585017A (zh) | 2017-04-26 |
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