JPWO2011125834A1 - 正極活物質 - Google Patents
正極活物質 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
図1Aは、実施例の正極活物質(導電性材料)の微細構造を示す模式図である。また、図1Bは、図1Aの正極活物質の微細構造を更に拡大して示す模式図である。
正極活物質の非晶質相は、酸化バナジウム、酸化鉄、酸化マンガン、酸化ニッケル及び酸化コバルトからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種類の金属酸化物を含む。
また、リンを含有する非晶質相については、非晶質相に含まれるバナジウム、鉄、マンガン、ニッケル及びコバルトが、非晶質に含まれるリンに対してアトミック比(原子数比)で0.5〜9.0であることが好ましい。アトミック比が0.5〜9.0の場合、電池容量及びサイクル維持率を向上させる効果が強く現れる。アトミック比が0.5未満の場合、若しくは9.0よりも大きい場合、非晶質相の構造が充放電に対して不安定になり、電池容量及びサイクル維持率を向上させる効果が低下する。
正極活物質の結晶子は、遷移金属を含む酸化物相である。
いずれの結晶も、Liイオンを挿入可能な構造であり、高い電池特性を有する結晶である。
正極活物質は、バナジウム、鉄、マンガン、ニッケル及びコバルトのうち1種類以上の金属を含む酸化物ガラスを熱処理することにより得られる。
表1は、作製・検討したガラス組成を示したものである。
表1に示す酸化物ガラスを10×10×4mmのサイズに加工して試料片とした。この試料片をアルミナ基板に載せて、No.1−4、No.1−18及びNo.1−23の酸化物ガラスは250℃の電気炉で50時間加熱し、No.1−4、No.1−18及びNo.1−23を除く酸化物ガラスは420℃で50時間加熱し、酸化物ガラス中に結晶子を析出させた。
次いで、SEM−EDXを用いて結晶子及び非晶質相の観察及び組成分析を行った。ここで、SEMは、Scanning Electron Microscope:走査型電子顕微鏡の略称であり、EDXは、Energy Dispersive X−ray Spectrometer:エネルギー分散型X線分析装置の略称である。
次いで、表1に示す試料を平均粒径5μmの粉末に粉砕し、得られた粉末の結晶状態を評価した。広角X線回折装置(リガク製、RINT2500HL)を使用して非晶質率の測定し、結晶の同定及び結晶子径の測定を行った。結晶の同定及び非晶質率の測定条件は次の通りである。
次に、Liイオン二次電池の評価について説明する。
図5にリチウムイオンドープ装置を示す。
Claims (14)
- 複数個の結晶子で形成された結晶相と、前記結晶子と接して形成された非晶質相とを含み、前記非晶質相は、酸化バナジウム、酸化鉄、酸化マンガン、酸化ニッケル及び酸化コバルトからなる群から選択される1種類以上の金属酸化物を含み、前記結晶相及び前記非晶質相は、リチウムイオンの挿入及び脱離が可能であることを特徴とする正極活物質。
- 前記結晶相及び前記非晶質相が粉末粒子を形成していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の正極活物質。
- 前記非晶質相は、酸化リンを含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記非晶質相は、酸化バナジウムを含むことを特徴とする請求項3記載の正極活物質。
- 前記非晶質相は、酸化鉄及び酸化マンガンのうち少なくともいずれか1種類の金属酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記粉末粒子における前記非晶質相の含有量が6体積%以上であることを特徴とする請求項2〜5のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記非晶質相におけるバナジウム、鉄、マンガン、ニッケル及びコバルトの含有量が、非晶質相におけるリンの含有量に対してアトミック比で0.5〜9.0であることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記結晶子は、鉄、マンガン及びバナジウムからなる群から選択される1種類以上の金属の酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記結晶子は、XyV2O5(ただし、Xは、Li、Na、K、Cu、Ag及びFeからなる群から選択される1種類の金属であり、yは、0.26〜0.41である。)であることを特徴とする請求項8記載の正極活物質。
- 前記結晶子の平均結晶子サイズが300nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記粉末粒子は、バナジウム、鉄、マンガン、ニッケル及びコバルトからなる群から選択される1種類の金属と、リンとを含む酸化物ガラスの熱処理による結晶化工程によって得られることを特徴とする請求項2〜10のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
- 前記酸化物ガラスは、一価の陽イオン元素を含むことを特徴とする請求項11記載の正極活物質。
- 前記結晶化工程の後、前記粉末粒子にリチウムイオンを挿入することによって形成されたことを特徴とする請求項11又は12に記載の正極活物質。
- さらに、カーボンを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の正極活物質。
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US8945436B2 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2015-02-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Conductive paste and electronic part equipped with electrode wiring formed from same |
JP6051514B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-02 | 2016-12-27 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体電解質電池および正極活物質 |
JP5537402B2 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2014-07-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 熱電変換材料 |
JP2012134082A (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 二次電池用正極活物質及びこれを用いたマグネシウム二次電池 |
US9337478B2 (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2016-05-10 | Shailesh Upreti | Composite silicon or composite tin particles |
WO2013129150A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-06 | 日立金属株式会社 | 電極活物質、この電極活物質を用いた電極及び二次電池 |
JP2014022204A (ja) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-02-03 | Hitachi Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池用活物質粒子およびそれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
PL3442069T3 (pl) | 2016-11-03 | 2020-09-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Akumulator litowo-jonowy |
JP7047841B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-30 | 2022-04-05 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 非水系二次電池用の正極活物質、およびそれを用いた非水系二次電池 |
EP3859826A4 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2022-06-08 | Toray Industries, Inc. | ELECTRODE FOR SECONDARY BATTERIES AND SECONDARY LITHIUM-ION BATTERY |
CN114420932B (zh) * | 2022-01-05 | 2024-03-01 | 齐鲁工业大学 | 一种高性能含有变价金属离子氧化物微晶玻璃电极材料及制备方法和应用 |
CN114583102B (zh) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-15 | 远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司 | 正极活性材料、电化学装置和电子设备 |
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CN102859761A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
TW201212363A (en) | 2012-03-16 |
KR101711525B1 (ko) | 2017-03-02 |
TWI435492B (zh) | 2014-04-21 |
US20130015410A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
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JP5759982B2 (ja) | 2015-08-05 |
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