JPH11505335A - レンズの赤道直径の微少な変化による可変焦点レンズ - Google Patents
レンズの赤道直径の微少な変化による可変焦点レンズInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11505335A JPH11505335A JP8534317A JP53431796A JPH11505335A JP H11505335 A JPH11505335 A JP H11505335A JP 8534317 A JP8534317 A JP 8534317A JP 53431796 A JP53431796 A JP 53431796A JP H11505335 A JPH11505335 A JP H11505335A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- ring
- extensible
- variable focus
- lens according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/06—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of fluids in transparent cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0875—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more refracting elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/061—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element
- F03G7/06112—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element using the thermal expansion or contraction of enclosed fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/061—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element
- F03G7/06114—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element using the thermal expansion or contraction of solid materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/061—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element
- F03G7/0614—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like characterised by the actuating element using shape memory elements
- F03G7/06147—Magnetic shape memory alloys, e.g. ferro-magnetic alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
- F03G7/065—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like using a shape memory element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/12—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
- G02B3/14—Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses of variable focal length
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.光軸に交差し、前記光軸を取り巻く弾性的に伸張が可能な周縁部において 接する2つの透明なウェブを含み、前記のウェブおよび前記周縁部はキャビティ ーを規定し、前記キャビティーは透明な流体または変形可能な固体媒体で満たさ れている、弾性変形が可能な合成のレンズ本体、並びに、 前記周縁部を前記光軸に対してほぼ垂直な平面内において伸張させるための伸張 手段 を含む可変焦点レンズ。 2.前記のウェブが合成ポリマーから構成される、請求項1記載の可変焦点レ ンズ。 3.前記合成ポリマーが、ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)、ポリ(メタクリ ル酸メチル)、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ(4フッ 化エチレン)およびシリコーン樹脂からなる群より選ばれる、請求項2記載の可 変焦点レンズ。 4.前記キャビティーが気体で満たされている、請求項1記載の可変焦点レン ズ。 5.前記気体が、空気、二酸化炭素、ヘリウム、ネオン、アルゴン、クリプト ン、キセノンおよび6フッ化硫黄からなる群より選ばれる、請求項4記載の可変 焦点レンズ。 6.前記キャビティーが液体で満たされている、請求項1記載の可変焦点レン ズ。 7.前記液体が、水、水溶性の無機および有機固体の水溶液、有機液体、水に 対して相溶性のある有機液体と水との混合物並びにシリコーンオイルからなる群 より選ばれる、請求項6記載の可変焦点レンズ。 8.前記水溶液が、ハロゲンの陰イオンを有する水溶性の無機塩の溶液からな る群より選ばれる、請求項7記載の可変焦点レンズ。 9.前記有機液体が、炭化水素、ハロゲンで置換されている炭化水素、グリコ ールおよびポリエチレングリコールからなる群より選ばれる、請求項7記載の可 変焦点レンズ。 10.前記の水に対して相溶性のある有機液体と水との混合物が、グリコール またはポリエチレングリコールと水の混合物からなる群より選ばれる、請求項7 記載の可変焦点レンズ。 11.前記液体がシリコーンオイルである、請求項7記載の可変焦点レンズ。 12.前記伸張手段が、前記周縁部に光軸から半径方向の外向きに張力を作用 させるために前記周縁部に結合されている張力装置を含む、請求項1記載の可変 焦点レンズ。 13.前記張力装置が、前記光軸から半径方向の外向きに配向されているねじ を含む、請求項12記載の可変焦点レンズ。 14.前記張力装置が、前記光軸から半径方向の外向きに配向されているソレ ノイドを含む、請求項12記載の可変焦点レンズ。 15.前記張力装置が、前記光軸から半径方向の外向きに配向されている水圧 シリンダーを含む、請求項12記載の可変焦点レンズ。 16.前記張力装置が、前記光軸から半径方向の外向きに配向されている空気 圧シリンダーを含む、請求項12記載の可変焦点レンズ。 17.前記張力装置が、少なくとも1つのカムおよびカム従動節を含む、請求 項12記載の可変焦点レンズ。 18.前記周縁部に光軸から半径方向の外向きに張力を作用させるために前記 周縁部に結合されている前記張力装置が、半径方向の 外向き以外の方向に張力を作用させ、この張力を前記周縁部に半径方向の外向き に作用するように向け直すための手段に機能的に結合されている手段を含む、請 求項12記載の可変焦点レンズ。 19.半径方向の外向き以外の方向に張力を作用させるための前記手段が、ね じ、ソレノイド、水圧シリンダー、空気圧シリンダー、並びに、カムおよびカム 従動節からなる群より選ばれる、請求項18記載の可変焦点レンズ。 20.前記張力を前記周縁部に半径方向の外向きに作用するように向け直すた めの前記手段が、滑車上ではたらくテンドン、クランク、並びに、前記レンズと 一体式の周縁部のフランジおよびアンビルからなる群より選ばれる、請求項18 記載の可変焦点レンズ。 21.前記伸張手段が、前記周縁部に結合されている伸張可能なリングを含む 、請求項1記載の可変焦点レンズ。 22.前記リングが、前記周縁部に接着されている、請求項21記載の可変焦 点レンズ。 23.前記リングが、前記周縁部に近接する前記レンズ本体に埋め込まれてい る、請求項21記載の可変焦点レンズ。 24.前記リングが、熱的に伸張可能な金属のリングである、請求項21記載 の可変焦点レンズ。 25.前記の熱的に伸張可能な金属のリングと熱伝導性をもって結合されてい る電気的な発熱体をさらに含む、請求項24記載の可変焦点レンズ。 26.前記の伸張可能なリングが、少なくとも1つのバイメタル板を含む、請 求項21記載の可変焦点レンズ。 27.前記のバイメタル板と熱伝導性をもって結合されている電気的な発熱体 をさらに含む、請求項26記載の可変焦点レンズ。 28.前記の伸張可能なリングが、形状記憶合金から構成される 、請求項21記載の可変焦点レンズ。 29.形状記憶合金から構成される前記の伸張可能なリングと熱伝導性をもっ て結合されている電気的な発熱体をさらに含む、請求項28記載の可変焦点レン ズ。 30.前記の伸張可能なリングが、不連続であり、その中に電流を通すための 電極を備えている、請求項21記載の可変焦点レンズ。 31.前記の伸張可能なリングが、コイルの形状をしている、請求項30記載 の可変焦点レンズ。 32.前記の伸張可能なリングが、圧電材料から構成される、請求項21記載 の可変焦点レンズ。 33.前記の伸張可能なリングが、磁気ひずみ材料から構成される、請求項2 1記載の可変焦点レンズ。 34.光軸に交差する2つの光学表面および前記光軸を取り巻く周縁部を有し 、前記表面の間にわたる、弾性変形が可能な合成の透明屈折体、並びに、 前記光軸に対してほぼ垂直な平面内において、前記周縁部の微少な変位を誘起す る、前記周縁部と一体式の伸張手段 を含む可変焦点レンズ。 35.前記伸張手段が、前記周縁部に結合されている伸張可能なリングを含む 、請求項34記載の可変焦点レンズ。 36.前記リングが、前記周縁部に接着されている、請求項35記載の可変焦 点レンズ。 37.前記リングが、前記周縁部に近接する前記レンズ本体に埋め込まれてい る、請求項34記載の可変焦点レンズ。 38.前記リングが、熱的に伸張可能な金属のリングである、請求項35記載 の可変焦点レンズ。 39.前記の熱的に伸張可能な金属のリングと熱伝導性をもって結合されてい る電気的な発熱体をさらに含む、請求項38記載の可変焦点レンズ。 40.前記の伸張可能なリングが、少なくとも1つのバイメタル板を含む、請 求項35記載の可変焦点レンズ。 41.前記のバイメタル板と熱伝導性をもって結合されている電気的な発熱体 をさらに含む、請求項40記載の可変焦点レンズ。 42.前記の伸張可能なリングが、形状記憶合金から構成される、請求項35 記載の可変焦点レンズ。 43.形状記憶合金から構成される前記の伸張可能なリングと熱伝導性をもっ て結合されている電気的な発熱体をさらに含む、請求項42記載の可変焦点レン ズ。 44.前記の伸張可能なリングが、不連続であり、その中に電流を通すための 電極を備えている、請求項35記載の可変焦点レンズ。 45.前記の伸張可能なリングが、コイルの形状をしている、請求項44記載 の可変焦点レンズ。 46.前記の伸張可能なリングが、圧電材料から構成される、請求項35記載 の可変焦点レンズ。 47.前記の伸張可能なリングが、磁気ひずみ材料から構成される、請求項3 5記載の可変焦点レンズ。 48.光軸に交差する2つの光学表面および前記光軸を取り巻く周縁部を有し 、前記表面の間にわたる、弾性変形が可能な合成の透明屈折体、並びに、初期の 緩和状態において緩和赤道直径を有する前記周縁部をつくること、並びに、 前記光軸に対してほぼ垂直な平面内において前記の緩和赤道直径の5%を超えない 量だけ前記周縁部の前記赤道直径を増大させること を含む、弾性変形が可能なレンズの光学倍率を高めるための方法。 49.前記屈折体が、流体で満たされている袋である、請求項48記載の方法 。 50.前記の流体で満たされている袋が、風船である、請求項49記載の方法 。 51.前記屈折体が、固体のエラストマー材料である、請求項48記載の方法 。 52.前記屈折体が、両凸、平凸、両凹、平凹、平平およびメニスカスレンズ からなる群より選ばれる、請求項48記載の方法。 53.前記赤道直径を、前記光軸に対してほぼ垂直な平面内において、光軸か ら半径方向の外向きに力を作用させることにより増大させる、請求項48記載の 方法。 54.前記の力を、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に結合されているねじにより作用 させる、請求項53記載の方法。 55.前記の力を、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に結合されているソレノイドによ り作用させる、請求項53記載の方法。 56.前記の力を、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に結合されている水圧シリンダー により作用させる、請求項53記載の方法。 57.前記の力を、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に結合されている空気圧シリンダ ーにより作用させる、請求項53記載の方法。 58.前記の力を、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に固定されている伸張可能なリン グにより作用させる、請求項53記載の方法。 59.前記の伸張可能なリングが、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に接着されている 、請求項58記載の方法。 60.前記の伸張可能なリングが、前記屈折体の前記周縁部に近接する前記屈 折体に埋め込まれている、請求項58記載の方法。 61.前記の伸張可能なリングが、熱的に伸張可能な金属のリン グである、請求項58記載の方法。 62.前記の伸張可能なリングが、少なくとも1つのバイメタル板を含む、請 求項58記載の方法。 63.前記の伸張可能なリングが、形状記憶合金から構成される、請求項58 記載の方法。 64.前記の伸張可能なリングが、電気的な発熱体により加熱される、請求項 58記載の方法。 65.前記の伸張可能なリングが、その中に電流を通すことにより加熱される 、請求項58記載の方法。 66.前記の伸張可能なリングが、電磁誘導により加熱される、請求項58記 載の方法。 67.前記の伸張可能なリングが、電磁放射により加熱される、請求項58記 載の方法。 68.前記の伸張可能なリングが磁気ひずみ材料を含んでなり、前記リングが 磁場に付すことにより伸張される、請求項58記載の方法。 69.前記の伸張可能なリングが圧電材料を含んでなり、前記リングが電場に 付すことにより伸張される、請求項58記載の方法。 70.前記電場が、前記圧電材料に接触している電極により付与される、請求 項69記載の方法。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/439,942 US5774274A (en) | 1995-05-12 | 1995-05-12 | Variable focus lens by small changes of the equatorial lens diameter |
US08/439,942 | 1995-05-12 | ||
PCT/US1996/006767 WO1996035967A1 (en) | 1995-05-12 | 1996-05-10 | Variable focus lens by small changes of the equatorial lens diameter |
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JPH11505335A true JPH11505335A (ja) | 1999-05-18 |
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JP8534317A Pending JPH11505335A (ja) | 1995-05-12 | 1996-05-10 | レンズの赤道直径の微少な変化による可変焦点レンズ |
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US (6) | US5774274A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0914623B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPH11505335A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR19990014726A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1094201C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE307346T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU714826B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2220932C (ja) |
CZ (1) | CZ358797A3 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69635310T2 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA001165B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2250991T3 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUP9901335A3 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL118226A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO975205L (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO1996035967A1 (ja) |
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JP2011048337A (ja) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-03-10 | Panasonic Corp | 光学素子 |
JP2013536988A (ja) * | 2010-08-30 | 2013-09-26 | カール・ツァイス・エスエムティー・ゲーエムベーハー | 投影露光装置 |
JP2015511732A (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2015-04-20 | アドレンズ リミテッド | 変形可能膜アセンブリの改良および同アセンブリに関する改良 |
US9810923B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2017-11-07 | Adlens Ltd. | Deformable membrane assemblies |
US10823981B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2020-11-03 | Adlens Ltd. | Deformable non-round membrane assemblies |
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