JPH07504837A - 脊椎骨のための外科用補綴埋め込み部材 - Google Patents

脊椎骨のための外科用補綴埋め込み部材

Info

Publication number
JPH07504837A
JPH07504837A JP6507140A JP50714094A JPH07504837A JP H07504837 A JPH07504837 A JP H07504837A JP 6507140 A JP6507140 A JP 6507140A JP 50714094 A JP50714094 A JP 50714094A JP H07504837 A JPH07504837 A JP H07504837A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
vertebrae
prosthetic device
bone
disc
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP6507140A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP3557432B2 (ja
Inventor
ブランテイガン,ジヨン ダブリユ
Original Assignee
アクロメッド コーポレーション
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by アクロメッド コーポレーション filed Critical アクロメッド コーポレーション
Publication of JPH07504837A publication Critical patent/JPH07504837A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3557432B2 publication Critical patent/JP3557432B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4611Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
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    • A61F2/4465Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 発明の名称 を椎骨のための外科用補綴埋め込み部材兄咀の背量 本発明は不活性で剛体のを椎骨用の補綴装置、および椎間板が崩壊あるいは変性 した患者の背中あるいは首の痛みを治療あるいは阻止するために、隣接するを椎 骨間にその装置を埋め込むためのおよび骨折、腫瘍あるいは変性過程によって用 され、かつ固定を容易にし、また隣接するを椎骨からの骨の内部成長のための谷 間を与える固い表面を有するリング状の補綴ブラッグあるいは円盤を取り扱って いる。このリングは隣接するを椎骨の対向する端面にその底を接しており2望ま しくはその中間部の横方向および前方後方間の寸法が通常のを椎骨本体と同じ比 を有する開型であり単一の破損された椎間板と交替するために個別に使用され得 るようにさまざまな高さで供給することができ、を椎骨中に噛み込むことができ 、あるいは手術の際に必要な正確な高さになるようにしっかりと固定して積み重 ねられるように互いに入り組むことができるようなうね部を有し、移植用の骨材 をバッキングするためのおよび手術具を受け入れるための溝および中空の領域を 有しており、および望ましくは手術後の骨の回復を目でみることができるように X線透過性の材料である。
先行技術Ω脱朋 多(のタイプのを椎骨用の補綴装置がこれまで提案されてきたが、それらの成功 率は非常に低くカリこの外科手術は非常に複雑であり、かつ患者にとっては大き な外傷をもたらすものであった。私自身の米国特許4743256.48347 57および4878915でカバーされている外科用の埋め込み装置および方法 はこの成功率を著しく改善しかつ体内におけるを椎骨の融合という形で外科技術 を簡単化した。これらの私の特許によってカバーされているやり方に於いては、 生物学的には許容されしかし、完全に不活性の支柱ブラッグが隣接するを椎骨間 のチャンネルあるいは溝中にその底を接するようにかつ骨の内部成長を受け入れ るように設けられており、この骨の内部成長はこの構造体を急速に骨に融合し、 かっこの融合領域をまたぐ生きた骨のブリッジを形成することになる。
さて本発明はこの体内融合の技術をを椎骨中に溝あるいはチャンネルを切り込む ことなしに、さらに改良することでありかつ特に前方の頚部あるいは腰部の融合 に適したものである。この発明は隣接するを椎骨の端面にその底を接するリング 状の補綴ブラッグあるいは円盤を提供するものであり、かつそれらは個々の外科 的手術の要求に応じて単体であるいは複数個積み重ねて使用できるように構成さ れかつ配置されている。このリングは摘出された椎間板およびを椎骨と交替され 、そして同様に隣接するを椎骨を継いでいる繊維質の椎間板円柱の内側に同様に マウントすることができる。この環状ユニットはを椎骨椎間板の形と形が合うよ うに開型あるいは部分的に開型に形成された。特に望ましいは半開型であり、か つこれらが取り付けられるを椎骨に噛み込むためのおよび尖った部分間の谷間に 内部成長した骨を受け入れるためのうねのついたあるいは尖った部分を備えた表 面を有している。これらが積み重ねられる時には2個々の単位部品を固定した関 係にロックし、かつ内部的に噛み合っているうねの部分と共働するように内部接 続棒を設けることができる。
兄肌の!杓 本発明によると、人のを椎骨柱の頚部、胸部および腰部の隣接するを椎骨を支持 しかつ融合するために、生物学的には許容されかつ不活性で堅い環状の補綴ユニ ットが提供される。これらのリング状の補綴装置は堅い骨の面、すなわち隣接す るを椎骨の端面にその底を接しており、かつこれらのを椎骨の全体的な外側の境 界線と一致するように全体として開型に形成されている。これらはまた単にを椎 骨あるいは椎間板の一部のみが損傷した場合のこれらの外科的手術に対応できる ように部分的に環状の形に(望ましくは半開型)の形で提供され得る。この埋め 込み部材がその反対側に配置された時には、硬膜の嚢および神経の根はその代わ りにそれぞれの側に引込められなくてはならないので、後方の腰部の領域では2 つのこのような生卵型リングがその側面を互いに接して使われる。前方の融合の 場合には椎間板の空間の全ての前方部が露出されるので、この領域ではこの開型 をうまく利用しながら単一の埋め込み部材が使用できる。
この開型リングの周辺は内部成長する毛細血管を受け入れることができるように 溝が切られており、かっこのリングの中央の開口部分は望ましくは骨の内部成長 を容易にするために移植用の骨材でバックされている。この移植用骨材は同様に これらの溝中にもバックすることができる。
こららの開型の埋め込み部材のそれぞれは平均の椎間板の高さにマツチするよう に寸法が決められており、かつ従って腰部の領域用については10〜15mmの 間で、また頚部の領域用については711ff1mの間で替えることができる。
この開型は回転あるいは反対にひっくり返すことができ、かつそれでもを椎骨に 噛み合うことができるので、この開型は外科的手術を容易にする。さらにこの装 置は、椎間板の組織を引き伸ばしてテンションを生じさせ、そしてこのテンショ ンはこのを椎骨にそこにその底を接しているリングをしっかりとつかませる。
もし、椎間板の円柱組織が残っている場合には、切り込み、望ましくは“Z”型 の切り込みが円柱上の繊維質組織中に形成され、その椎間板の内部髄質が取り除 かれ、そしてこのリング状の埋め込み部材が隣接するを椎骨上に底を接し、かつ 椎間板の組織によって包囲されるようにこの切り込みを通して挿入される。
この補綴リングがその底を接することになるを椎骨間の無数の異なる高さに対応 できるように、ある特定の外f4的な埋め込みについて要求される正確な高さに 積み上げることが可能なように、いろいろの高さのセットの形で供給することが できる。例えば、胸部の背骨の場合には、大きな骨のトゲ状特記がを髄に圧力を かける頚部を髄障害のためにしばしば頚部のコーベクトミーが必要とされる。こ のコーベクトミーの後の平均の埋込み高さは30+omであり、かつこれは、例 えば3つの高さ10mmの開型埋め込み部材を積み重ねることによって達成でき る。
胸部の背骨の骨折の治療の際には、しばしば半コーベクトミーが行われ、その次 に移植が実行される。この半コーベクトミー領域に積み重ねた半開型埋め込み部 材を配置することによって中実構造の重量支持体が与えられる。この部分的に切 除された骨は埋め込み体中にバックされるので改めて移植用の骨を切り取る必要 は回避される。
を椎骨の腫瘍の治療に際しては、この積み重ねられた罪状の埋め込み部材はこの 一部切除された領域の全体をまたく中実の骨状の融合体を達成し、生きている組 織に恒久的な機械的に固定された修復を与える。
さて本発明は椎間板あるいはを椎骨本体の取り替えを必要とする背骨のあらゆる 領域における前方、後方あるいは横方向の位置に適したを椎骨の補綴埋め込み装 置を提供するものである。この埋め込み部材は隣接するを椎骨の端面にその底を 接するように構成されているので、こららの端面は望ましくは事前にパリ取り用 のドリルで平らにされ、軟骨性の物質は取り除かれ、かつを椎骨がこのブラッグ をしつかるとつかむことができるように環状の繊維質力弓1き伸ばされる。そし てこれらのブラッグは挿入具の先端にマウントされて、を椎骨柱に前方から後方 からあるいは横方向から挿入される。
このリング装置は駆出に抵抗するようにを椎骨をつかみ、骨の内部成長を容易に するための谷間を形成し、かつ積み重ねのために互いに入り組み合うのに適する というような多数の目的に叶うようにうねのついた表面を有している。
直立した長手方向に伸びる接続部材が、長手方向の高さ方向を除いて、積み重ね られた埋め込み部材のあらゆる方向への分離を阻止するために、このリング中の 内側のはめ込まれ、かつこれらのうねと共働している。これらの埋め込み部材は を椎骨本体間に圧縮力を受けた状態で配置されているので、これらは埋め込み後 は、バラバラになることはあり得ない。
これらの埋め込み部材は市場で”Peek” (ポリエーテルケトン)あるいは “Ultrapek” (ポリエーテルケトン、エーテルケトン、ケトン)の名 前で知られているカーボン繊維で強化されたポリマーのようなX線透過型の材料 がら作られていることが望ましい、またこれらの代わりに、ガラスあるいはカー ボン繊維で充填されたポリカーボネート、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンおよび ポリスルホン型のプラスチック材料を使うことができる。こららの材料はウィル ミントン、プラウエアーのICIインダストリー;ミノヮ、ミネソタのFibe r−Rite社あるいはBASF社から入手できる。
本発明の望ましい最適モードの実施例が以下に添付の図面に示されており、ここ で; 第1図は本発明による全体の卵型補綴装置の上部および側部の斜視図である; 第2図は本発明による辛卯型補綴装置の上部および側部の斜視図である;第3区 は複数個のこれらの装置を積み重ねた関係で保持するために第1図および第2図 の装置中に図示されている溝にはまり込む接続棒の上部および側部の斜視図であ る; 第4図は第3図の接続棒がその位置に配置された第1図の装置の積み重ね体の上 部および側部の斜視図である: 第5図は第3図と類似の接続棒をその位置に配置した第2図の装置の積み重ね体 の上部および側部の斜視図である: 第6図は第1図と類似な図であるが、一体化された交差棒を有するもう1つの変 形装置を図示している: 第7図は本発明のテーパーの付いた装置を示している側面図である;第8図は第 4図の装置の積み重ね体の側面図であり、これらが積み重ねられた時、そのうね 部がいかにして互いに入り組み合っているかを示している;第9図は第8図と類 似の図面であるが、第7図のテーパーの付いた装置をテーパーの付いた端面が同 じ方向に(るようにかつ垂直方向の積み重ね体を形成するように真中の装置を1 80度回転した積み重ね体を示している;第10図は、を椎骨柱の一部の正面図 であり、隣接するを椎骨間の切除された椎間板空間に設けられた2つの積み重ね 組み立て体および1つの椎間板が本発明の装置を受け入れるためにカットされる 方法を示している;第11図は第10図の線XI−XIに沿って取られた断面図 である;第12図は1部分的に破損された椎間板およびその間のを椎骨部分を交 換するために本発明装置の積み重ね体が使用される方法を示すために一部断面さ れ、および破断されたを椎骨中の部分の一部の長手方向図である;第13図はマ ウント道具の助けを借りて本発明の装置を椎間板の空間に挿入する様子を示す図 解的な側面図である; 第14図は、第13図と類似な図であり、フォーク型の道具が装置中の一対の穴 の中にマウントされる歯を有している様子を示している;第15図は、両手の指 が組み合うようなあるいは相補的な噛み合わせあるいは入れ子状の突起を与える ためにブラッグのりわがその頂上から同じ角度で広がる側壁を有している様子を 線図的に示している。
図面に示すように: 第1図に於いて、参照符号1oは生物学的に許容される堅い不活性の材料望まし くは上で説明したようなX線透過型のプラスチック材料、不活性の金属およびそ れに類似したものから構成されている本発明のを椎骨補綴装置を全体として示し ている。この装置10は、を椎骨の往生の隣接するを椎骨間の椎間板空間と適合 するように、全体としてその形、寸法が決められた開型のリングブラッグ11で ある。このブラッグ11は、互いに対向する側面11aおよび端部11b、平坦 で、かつうねのついた上部および底部の面11cおよびそれを貫通する中央の直 立した穴1.1dを有している。この端部11bは、そこを通過する比較幅が広 く長い水平方向の周縁alleを有しており、これらは望ましくは側部11aま で延長しており、かつ中央の穴lidと連通している。
うね12が端面11cを横切って長手方向に形成されている。これらのうね12 は、鋭い先端12bの所で合流する傾斜した側壁12aを有しており、かっこの 側壁間に谷間12cを形成している。こられの谷間12cは開型のリングブラッ グ11の端部11bの所で開いている。
このブラッグ11の一方の側壁11aは以下で説明するマウント用の道具を受け 入れるためのその壁を通して部分的に伸びている内側にネジの切られた穴13を 有している。
この側壁11aの内面はまた直立してその端部が開いた垂直方向のJi14、望 ましくは部分的に円筒状の型をした直立したその端部が開いた垂直の/1111 4を有している。これらの溝は、第3図に示す長方形の接続棒15をマウントす るために設けられている。この棒15は、平坦な側面15a、溝14としっくり とはまり合う丸みの付いた側縁15bおよびブラッグ11のうね12と適合する りね16を備えた上部および底部端縁15cを有している。斯して、これらのう ね16は、頂部16bで合流する互いに逆方向に傾斜した側面16aを有してお り、かつその間に谷間16cを形成している。この接続棒15の端部上のうねの 頂上および谷間はこの棒が溝14中の正しい位置に配置された時にはブラッグ1 、1の上部および底部の面11c上のうねの頂上および谷間と一直線に並ぶよう に形成されている。
この接続棒15は、第4図に示したブラッグ11の積み重ね体17の全体の高さ と適合する高さを有しているか、あるいはまたブラッグの積み重ねが必要でない 時には、単に1個のブラッグ11のそれと適合する高さを有している。第4図に 示すように3つのブラッグ11が中間のブラッグのうね12が入れ子状に組み合 わされ、かつ上部と底部のブラッグのうねと互いに入り込んで組み合わされるよ うに一緒に積み重ねられている。これらのうねは安定した積み重ね体を与えるよ うに互いにはまり合っており、かつこの3つのブラッグの一直線に列んだ溝14 中に設けられた接続棒15は、この積み重ね体のずれを阻止している。この棒1 5の端面はそれから上部および底部ブラッグ11の露出した端面に形成されてい るうね12と一直線に列ぶうね16を有している。
それぞれのブラッグ11の中央の穴lidは、棒15によってその側面が接する 2つの部屋に分割されている。そしてこれらの部屋は、背骨中でこの補綴装置の 融合を容易にするために移植用の骨材で容易にバックされる。さらにブラッグの 端部11bに形成された溝lieは移植用の骨材を受け入れることができ、また 同様に融合のプロセスを加速するために血液の流れを可能にする自由空間をも提 供している。
部分的なコーベクトミー手術の際に使うためにおよびまた中間にある神経のため の空間が必要な時に離間して側面が向かい合う関係で使用できる辛卯型の変形装 置20が第2図に図示されている。この装置20は、対向する側壁21a、丸み を付けられた開型の端部壁21b、平坦な対向する端部壁21cおよび中央の穴 21dを有する全体として辛卯型の一部材からなるプラスチック材料あるいは金 属のブラッグ21である。ブラッグ21の上部および底部の面21c、21eは 、ブラッグ11と同様なやり方でうねが形成されており、従って傾斜した側壁2 2a、頂上22bおよび谷間22cを有する長手方向に伸びるうね22が形成さ れている。端部壁21bおよび21cは、ブラッグ11の溝lieと同じ溝21 fを有しており、かつ端壁21aは、ブラッグと同じ道具受は入れ用窪み23を 有している。
15のような接続棒を受け入れるためにブラッグ21の端部壁21aおよび21 cの内面に内部溝24が設けられている。この棒は、しかしブラッグ21の中央 の穴を長手方向ではあるが、しかしブラッグ11について図示した方向とは交差 する方向でブラッグ21の中央の穴を分割する。
第5図に示すように、同じタイプの接続棒15を使って第4図の積み重ね体にお けるブラッグ11と同じやり方でブラッグ21が積み重ね体25を形成している 。
第1図から第5図のブラッグ11および21は、それぞれの状況に合うようにそ の厚みあるいは高さを変更することができ、また第4および5図の積み重ね体の 中でそれぞれの手術に必要とされる全体の高さを与えるために、異なった厚みあ るいは高さのブラッグを一緒に積み重ねることができる。執刀医が患者に合った 必要な高さの組み立て体を簡単にその場で準備できるように、これらのブラッグ のセットが従って供給され得る。接続棒15の長さあるいは高さは同様にそれぞ れの状況に合うように変更できるか、あるいはその積み重ね体にマツチするよう に手術の際に削り落とすことができる。ブラッグの積み重ね体の露出した端面上 のうね部は隣接するを椎骨の堅い端面あるいは端子面とその底を接し、そしてこ れらのうねの頂点あるいはビーク12bおよび21bはズレを防ぐために、これ らの面にしっかりと係合および噛み込んでいる。さらに、これらうね間の谷間1 2c、22cは、隣接するを椎骨からの骨の内部成長を自由に受け入れるための ギャップあるいは凹部として働く。
個々のブラッグあるいはブラッグの積み重ね体は、その時の状況に応じて前方か ら、横方向からあるいは後方からそれぞれ導入することができ、また従ってこの ブラッグ11および21の道具を受け入れる窪み13および23は、を椎骨中に 挿入される特定のタイプに合うようにその位置が決められる。
別個の棒あるいはプレートを設ける代わりに、第6図に示すように、この発明の 変形装置30は、第1図および第4図のブラッグ11と同じ形の開型ではあるが 、このブラッグの強化用棒32は、その側壁31aと一体化されている。従つて このブラッグ31の中空の内部23は、この一体の内部隔壁32によって2分割 かれ、移植用骨材を受け入れるように構成された側面が互いに接する一対の穴を ブラッグ中に形成している。
30と類似のブラッグが半和型で同様に形成することができる。一体化された分 割棒を備えたこのブラッグは単体で利用されることが望ましいが、しかしまたそ れらを積み重ねてかつそれらのつねによって互いに入り組ませることができる。
第4.2および8図のブラッグ11.21および31は、それらの寸法に関して はその厚みあるいは高さが均一である。
第7図に示したもう1つの変形装置42に於いては、ブラッグ41はその後端側 に比べて前方端で高くあるいは厚くなるよう(こテーパーが付けられている。こ のブラッグ41は、第1から第6図のブラッグと同様に畝のついた上部および底 部面を有しており、またその高い方のあるいは前方の端部に道具を受け入れる窪 み43が設けられている。−例として、その前端部は高さが12m++、一方そ の後端部はその高さが91に低減されいてる。
11.21、および31で示すような均一な高さあるいは厚みを有するブラッグ の積み重ねに際しては、第8図に示すように、道具のマウントに使う穴が全て積 み重ね体の一方側に列ぶようにすることができる。しかし、第9図に示すように テーパーの付いたブラッグ41の積み重ね体44を形成する際には、その積み重 ね体が垂直の円柱外形を有するように、中央あるいは中間のブラッグを端部のブ ラッグに対して180度変位する必要がある。このテーパーの付いたブラッグ4 1の畝の付いた面42は、互いに入り組むことができて、かつこれらのうねの露 出端面は隣接するを椎骨が一方端が他方端に比べて広いような空間での手術への 適用に合うよに傾斜あるいはテーパーが付けられている。このようなテーノ(− の付いたブラッグを使用することによって、これらのうねとを椎骨面との良好な マツチングのために必要なことがあるを椎骨端面の同がしかの研磨を不要とする ことができる。
第9図に示すように、人のを椎柱50の一部は第1.4および8図にその詳細を 図示したブラッグ11から構成された2つのユニットから成る積み重ね体53に よって共に融合された隣接するを椎骨51および52を有している。この積み重 ね体53はを椎骨51および52間の椎間板空間54中にはめ込まれており、ま たこの積み重ね体の上部のうね12は、上部のを椎骨52の底面あるいは堅い端 部平面に底を接し、かつ噛み込んでおり、他方、この積み重ね体の底部のうね部 12は、下方のを椎骨52の上部面あるいは堅い端部の平面52と底を接し、か つ噛み込んでいる。このりね12の先端部12bは、この積み重ね体をを椎骨に しっかりと固定しているが、しかしこのを椎骨の堅い面51aおよび52aを貫 通はしていない、谷間12cはを椎骨面に露出しており、そして手術後の融合に 際してを椎骨からの骨の内部成長を受け入れる。
図示のようにを椎骨の全てが椎間板空間54かも取り除かれており、そして積み 重ね体53がその通常の高さに於いて椎間板空間を維持している。
第10および11図に示すように、を椎骨柱50のを椎骨52および下側のを椎 骨57間の椎間板空間56は、椎間板55が占めている。上方のを椎骨52の底 面52bおよび下方のを椎骨57の上方面578に引っ付いて残っている椎間板 繊維55aの円柱の内側に堅い支柱を形成する単一のブラッグ11を受け入れる ために、椎間板の内部の繊維質部分にアクセスして、それを取り除くことができ るように椎間板55のチューブ状の繊維質部分に2字状の切り込み58が設けら れている0図面に示すように、ブラッグ11の上方および下方面上のうね12の 頂部12bは面52bおよび57aに噛み込んでおり、またこの頂部間の谷12 cはを椎骨のこれらの面に何ら制限を受けずに露出されている。
第11図により良く示されているように、ブラッグ11の中空の内部11aおよ び溝lieは、移植用の骨材58でバックされている。この骨材は患者の骨盤の 腸骨の先端から取り出すと便利である。
第12図は第5図と類似のしかし背骨を支える埋め込まれた4つのブラッグ21 から構成される積み重ね体25を含む上側のを椎骨61、中間のを椎骨62およ び底部のを椎骨63を有する人のを椎骨中の頚部の部分60を図示している。図 に示すように、上部および底部のを椎骨60および63は、手を付けられていな いが、中間のを椎骨62はその一部が切除されている。4つの生卵型ブラッグユ ニット21が第5図に示すように、直立した柱状にユニットを保持するようにそ れらのうね部22および棒15を介して互いに入り組んでいる。椎間板64およ び65は、その一部が積み重ね体25を受け入れることができるように切除され ており、しかしその残りの組織はそれらに隣接するを椎骨に固定されている。
上方のを椎骨61の底面61aおよび下方のを椎骨63の上方面63aには上で 説明したような機能を発揮するために、上方および下方のブラッグ21のうねの 頂上部分が部分的に噛み込んでいる。また半和型のブラッグ21の中空の内部お よびそれらの溝21eは移植用骨材66で満たされている。
手術中は椎間板のヘルニアによって生じた失われた椎間板空間を再生するために 、を椎柱が引き伸ばされる。これは残りの椎間板組織を引き伸ばす、そして第1 3および14図に示すようにブラッグ11あるいはブラッグの積み重ね体のよう な本発明のブラッグが第13図に示すように、ブラッグの内側にネジ切りされた 穴13中にネジ込まれた単一の端部73aを有する道具73上にマウントされて 隣接するを椎骨71および72間の押し開かれた椎間板空間、例えば70中に前 方から、横方向からあるいは後方向から挿入される0代案として、ブラッグ11 は第14図に示すように、変更を加えた道具75の歯先74を受け入れる一対の 側面が接した穴13gを有するようにしても良い。
73および75のよな道具はブラッグの端面にマウント用の穴を必要としないよ うなその他のグリップ型の道具として!き替えることも可能である。
第15図の線図により解り易く示されているように、第1図の11のような2つ の積み重ねられたブラッグの12のようなうねの付いた面は骨を損傷する恐れの ある薄くて狭い指部あるいは歯部および骨の内部成長をブロックする恐れのある 狭い谷間の形成を阻止するために鋭い頂上部12bから比較的広い角度aで広が っている同じ角度で傾斜した側壁12aを有している。広いうねおよび開いた谷 間を与^るためには少なくとも30−45度の角度が望ましい。
以上の説明から、本発明はを椎骨柱の手術の技術を進め、また隣接するを椎骨間 の椎間板空間にはまり、そららの堅い表面に貫通することなくを椎骨表面と底を 接し、かつそれに噛み込み、さらに手術後毛細血管の内部成長および骨の内部成 長を助ける移植骨材のための十分な部屋を有する単体で、あるいは必要な高さに 積み重ねられて使用される補綴装置を提供するものであることが理解されること であろう。この装置は腎推骨の堅い面を貫通する固定用のネジあるし1は貫通物 を必要とせず、また椎間板の内部にあるいは部分的に切除された椎間板の側面に 沿っであるいは完全に切除された椎間板の椎間板空間中にマウントできる。

Claims (14)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 1.脊椎骨中の脊椎骨の対向する端面にはまり込むように寸法および形状が決め られ、隣接する脊椎骨の端面中にかみ込むように構成された頂上部および骨の内 部成長を受け入れるためのその頂上部間に形成された谷部を有する上部および底 部面を有し、その形は卵型あるいは半卵型リンクから成るグループから選ばれて おり、かつ望ましい椎間板空間を維持する脊椎骨間の支柱を与えるに有効な高さ を有している堅い不活性の環状ブラツグを有している脊椎骨中の隣接する脊椎骨 を共に融合するために使われる外科用の補綴装置。
  2. 2.脊椎骨柱の中の脊椎骨の対向する端面にはまり込むように寸法および形が決 められ、隣接する脊椎骨の端面中にかみ込むように構成された頂部および骨の内 部成長を受け入れるその頂部間の谷部を有する上部および底部面を有し、望まし い椎間板空間を維持する脊椎骨間に支えを与えるに効果的な高さを有し、かつそ の高さは望ましい椎間板高さを維持するために隣接する脊椎骨を継ないでいる椎 間板の環状の繊維質の組織を引き伸ばすために、および隣接する脊椎骨の端面で しっくりとつかむことができるに十分な高さを有する竪い不活性の環状ブラツグ を有する脊椎骨柱中の隣接する脊椎骨を共に融合するために使われる外科用の補 綴装置。
  3. 3.その上に配置される椎間板の堅い端部平面と形状および寸法が適合している 不活性の全体として卵型をした複数個のリングを有する脊椎骨柱中の脊椎骨と一 体化し、かつそれを支持する補綴装置であって、上記リンクは積み重ね体を形成 するために隣接するリングの表面で選択的に互いに入り組むよに構成され、かつ 隣接する脊椎骨の端部平面に噛み込む頂上部およびそのリングを通して脊椎骨を 融合するため脊椎骨からの骨の内部成長を受け入れるための頂上部間の谷部を有 するうねの付いた上部および底部面を有するように構成されている補綴装置。
  4. 4.ブラツグを積み重ね体の中で変位しないように保持する内部に互いに入り組 んだうねの付いた表面の有し、かつ隣接する脊椎骨上に底面を接するうねの付い た露出された端面を有する環状の竪い不活性のブラツクの積み重ね体およびその ブラツグを積み重ね体の中で一直線に保持するその積み重ね体を通して延びてい る接続棒を有する脊椎骨融合のための補綴装置。
  5. 5.内部空間および脊椎骨柱中の脊椎骨の対向する端面にはまり込むように寸法 および形が定められ、隣接する脊椎骨の面に噛み込むように構成された頂部およ び骨の内部成長を受け入れる頂部間の谷部を有する上部および底部端面を有し、 望ましい椎間板空間を維持する脊椎骨間に支柱を与えるに有効な高さを有し、か つその内部空間を横断して二分する棒を有する堅い不活性の環状ブラツグを有す る脊椎骨柱中の隣接する脊椎骨を共に融合するために使われる外科用の補綴装置 。
  6. 6.その上に位置を占める脊椎骨の対向する堅い端部平面と形および寸法が全体 的に適合しており、周縁の側部および端部壁、上部および底部面、その面間を貫 く中央穴および周縁の溝を有し、かつその端面は頂上に合流する側壁を有する盛 り上がったうね部および側壁間の谷部を有し、またその頂部は脊椎骨の堅い端部 プレート面に底を接し、かつ噛み込むように構成されており、周壁の1つに形成 された道具マウント用の手段を備えており、上記穴および溝は移植用骨材でパッ クされるように構成されており、かつX線透過型プラスチツク材料から構成され ている堅い不活性の環状ブラツグを有する脊椎骨の健全な椎間板組織を保存しな がら脊椎骨柱中の脊椎骨の堅い端部面に位置を占める補綴装置。
  7. 7.それが位置を占める脊椎骨の対向する堅い端部面と形状および寸法が全体と して合致し、周辺側部および端部壁、上部および底部面、この面を貫く中央の穴 、および各端部壁に形成された周辺溝を有し、この端面は頂上に合流する側壁を 有する盛り上がったうね部および側壁間の谷部を有し、この頂部は脊椎骨の堅い 端部プレート面上に底を接し、かつこれに噛み込むように構成されており、周壁 中には道具マウント用の手段が設けられており、かつ上記の穴および溝は移植用 の骨材でパツクされるように構成されている堅い不活性の環状ブラツグを有する 脊椎骨間の健全な椎間板組織は保存しつつ、脊椎骨柱中の脊椎骨の堅い端部プレ ート上に位置を占める補綴装置。
  8. 8.その上に位置を占める脊椎骨の対向する堅い端部プレートと形および寸法が 全体として合致しており、周辺の側部および端部壁、上部および底部面、これら の面を貫く中央の穴および周辺溝を有し、これらの端面は頂部に合流する側壁を 有する盛り上がったうねおよびそれらの側壁間の谷部を有し、これら頂部は脊椎 骨の堅い端部プレート面上に底を接し、かつこれに噛み込むように構成されてお り、周壁の1つには道具マウント用の手段が設けられており、この穴および溝は 移植骨材でパツクされるように構成されており、かつ脊椎骨の堅い端部プレート 面間の位置に挿入された時、ウエツジ効果を与えるように前方部分が後方部分に 対して高く構成されている堅い不活性の環状ブラツグを有する脊椎骨間の健全な 椎間板組織を保存しつつ、脊椎骨柱中の脊椎骨の堅い端部プレート上に位置を占 める補綴装置。
  9. 9.頂部は実質的に約30℃を下らない角度で広がる側壁を有している請求項3 に記載の装置。
  10. 10.リングの上部および底部面はこれらが積み重ねられて使用された時には十 分に互いに噛み合うように構成されている請求項3に記載の装置。
  11. 11.ブラツグのそれぞれは接続棒を受け入れる半径方向で対向した内側に直立 する溝を有している請求項4に記載の補綴装置。
  12. 12.ブラツグはその環状ブラツグの内部を側面が互いに接し合う部屋に分割す る内部接続棒を有する請求項4に記載の補綴装置。
  13. 13.ブラツグの上部および底部面は、鋭い頂部に合流する外側に広がる同じ角 度の傾きを有する側壁およびそれらの頂部間の比較的広い谷部を有し、かつこれ らの側壁は隣接するブラツグを一直線上に保持するように共に入れ子状に組み合 うように構成されている請求項2に記載の外科用補綴装置。
  14. 14.上記棒を受け入れるように構成された半径方向に対向する直立した内部溝 を有する請求項5に記載の外科用補綴装置。
JP50714094A 1991-03-22 1992-09-04 脊椎骨のための外科用補綴埋め込み部材 Expired - Lifetime JP3557432B2 (ja)

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US07/673,474 US5192327A (en) 1991-03-22 1991-03-22 Surgical prosthetic implant for vertebrae
CA002122336A CA2122336C (en) 1991-03-22 1992-09-04 Surgical prosthetic implant for vertebrae
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WO1994005235A1 (en) 1994-03-17
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US5192327A (en) 1993-03-09
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