JPH07327480A - Method for raising strawberry - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for raising strawberry, designed to increase the raising level of daughter strawberry stocks per specified area and prevent developing their diseases. CONSTITUTION:At least one parent strawberry stock 10 is set in a raising bed 2 set up at a specified height from the base plane. The runner 11 developed from the parent stock 10 is allowed to get over a runner support member 5 arranged above the sidewall 23 of the raising bed 2 and to grow downward. Plural daughter strawberry stocks 12-15 are developed along this runner 11. Because of making use of the runner support member 5, many daughter stocks can be developed and the runner can be avoided from contact with the ground, leading to prevent developing the daughter stocks' diseases.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cultivating strawberries.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Normally, strawberries are cultivated as follows. First, an embankment is formed on the ground to form a field, and the parent plant is planted in the substantially central portion as a parent floor. From this parent strain, a runner occurs at a predetermined time, and when the runner lands on a part (runner floor) adjacent to the left and right of the parent floor on the field, a child strain occurs. In addition, runners are generated from this child stock and land on the ground to generate further child stock. Thereafter, this is repeated and the offspring grow.

[0003] When the number of sub-strains has grown to a predetermined number, the sub-strains are dug up from the runner floor, seedlings are collected, and tentatively planted in a cultivation bed or pots filled with soil, sand, rock wool or the like. After the temporary planting, a culture solution is sprayed on the sub-plants, and fertilization management is performed until a root amount and a leaf number capable of maintaining the living body are secured. Then, if necessary, it is placed in a low-temperature, short-day environment and subjected to night cooling treatment to cause flower bud differentiation. Then, after differentiation of the first inflorescence, it is planted in the main field.

[0004]

In such conventional strawberry cultivation, when growing a child strain, a runner extends in a substantially horizontal direction on the field including the parent floor and the runner floor and lands. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a large field area, that is, a large cultivation area required for growing the offspring. Also,
There is a limit to securing a large cultivated area, and therefore the number of child strains to be propagated is naturally limited. Furthermore, it is necessary to collect seedlings for temporary planting or for performing night cooling treatment, which is troublesome. Particularly, in the conventional method, it is necessary to dig up the roots from the runner floor in a state where the roots are rooted, and transport them to the temporary planting floor, or in the case of performing night cooling, to the night cooling device, which causes heavy labor. Further, since the parent strain and the offspring are grown in the same field, a soil-borne disease is easily spread between the parent strain and the offspring or between the offspring and the offspring through the soil (underground portion).

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reduce the cultivated area required for the growth of child strains to increase the cultivated amount of child strains per predetermined area and to collect seedlings. It is easy to work, can suppress the spread of infectious diseases in the underground, and when performing night cooling, it is possible to carry out night cooling as it is on the runner without collecting seedlings. It is an object to provide a possible strawberry cultivation method.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method for cultivating strawberries of the present invention according to claim 1 comprises planting a parent strain on a cultivation bed and generating runners one after another to form child strains. Then, in the method for cultivating strawberries, which is subjected to night cooling treatment to perform flower bud differentiation, if necessary, the cultivation bed is installed at a predetermined height from the foundation surface, and a runner support member is arranged above the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed. It is characterized in that the runner is passed over the runner support member and grown downward to form a child strain.

In the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention according to claim 2, the parent plant is planted on the cultivation floor, and runners are successively generated to form child strains. Thereafter, if necessary, night cooling treatment is carried out. In the method of cultivating strawberries to cause flower bud differentiation, while installing the cultivation floor at a predetermined height from the base surface, disposing a runner support member above the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor,
After the runner has passed over the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor and has grown downward, the tip of the runner is hooked on the runner support member before the tip of the runner touches the ground, and grows downward again to form a child strain. It is characterized by

The cultivation bed is not particularly limited as long as it has a base material and a medium such as soil, sand or rock wool filled inside the base material. The base material is made of a plastic sheet having a predetermined length and width, the upper edge of the side wall of the peripheral wall is supported by a pipe or the like, and is stretched in a substantially U-shaped cross section, or a substantially concave cross section. It is possible to use those made of a rigid body such as a hard plastic or a metal molded in the above. If necessary, a drainage part can be provided below the base material. For example, when it is made of a plastic sheet, a part of the bottom wall portion can be formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction so as to form a substantially bag shape. When it is made of a rigid body, a drainage port is provided in the substantially central portion of the bottom wall, and a drainage part having a substantially concave cross section for receiving drainage passing through this drainage port is provided on the back side of the drainage port. It can be integrally molded with the substrate by using the mold.

This cultivation bed is installed in a greenhouse at a predetermined height from a foundation surface such as the ground. As a support member for installing at a predetermined height, it has a leg portion that is erected on the foundation surface, and a support plate that is fixed to the upper portion of the leg portion and that is capable of supporting and supporting the cultivation floor. And the like can be used. Further, it is also possible to use a means for supporting by a wire rod such as a support rod or a wire hung between the end faces of the greenhouse.

In the present invention, the runner support member is disposed above the side wall portion of the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor at a predetermined distance from the upper edge of the side wall portion. The runner support member may be composed of a plurality of pipe support members protruding from the vicinity of the upper edge of the side wall portion along the upper edge at predetermined intervals, and a pipe material spanned over the plurality of pipe support materials. Further, rod-shaped members having a forked portion at the tip may be provided so as to project along the upper edge of the side wall portion at a predetermined interval.
Further, a line member such as a rod-shaped member or a wire that is extended from the upper edge of the side wall portion upwardly at a predetermined interval between the end faces of the greenhouse may be used as the runner support member.

Further, it is preferable that a night-cooling device is installed in advance in the greenhouse in preparation for night-cooling. The night-cooling device is not particularly limited as long as it can perform night-cooling treatment in which the child strain is placed in a low temperature / short day environment. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a rail 7e is provided on the ceiling surface of the greenhouse 8.
And a traveling body 7f capable of traveling along the rail 7e is arranged by a towing means 7g including a pulley and a tow rope.
The traveling body 7f has a ceiling surface forming portion 7b and a side surface forming portion 7a.
The cold room 7 made of a flexible light-shielding thin film member having
The above-mentioned cultivation floor is hung so as to be housed therein, and further, a tubular duct 9 made of a flexible material and connected to a cooling device 9a is hung in the night-cooling chamber 7 and is night-cooled. The device 6 can be used. That is, when supplying daylight to the subsidiary stock, one end 7c of the night cooling chamber 7 is drawn to the other end 7d side, and at night, the one end 7c and the other end 7d are stretched so as to be separated from each other. Then, the cultivation floor is covered and cold air is supplied from the cylindrical duct 9.

[0012] The parent strain is planted at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed in the culture medium thus set up. When a predetermined time (predetermined temperature, sunshine conditions, etc.) is reached, a runner is generated from the parent stock.
On the culture medium in the cultivation bed, it extends almost horizontally toward the side wall of the cultivation bed. When the runner reaches a predetermined length, an operator hooks the vicinity of the tip of the runner on the runner support member. As a result, the runner grows so as to hang downward due to gravity beyond the runner support member, and the child stock (first child stock) is formed outside the side wall portion. In addition, the runners generated from this first substock,
Gravity extends downward as it is, a second sub-plant is formed, and this is repeated to form third and fourth sub-plants.

The runner support member can also be used as follows. That is, first, the runner generated from the parent strain is allowed to cross over the upper edge of the side wall portion of the cultivation floor and allowed to grow downward as it is. This gives, for example, 3
~ 4 offspring are formed. Next, before the tip of the runner is installed on the ground, the operator lifts the tip and hooks it on the runner support member. The runner grows downward again from this support member, and further, for example, 3 to 4 offspring are formed. Therefore, according to such a method, the number of offspring can be significantly increased. Also,
By using the runner support member, contact of the runner with the ground can be avoided, and infection of diseases such as anthracnose from the ground can be prevented.

When the sub-strains have grown to a predetermined number and have grown to about 2 true leaves, the night-cooling device described above is operated without performing seedling harvesting, and if necessary, night-cooling treatment is performed.
Specifically, during the daytime, the night cold room is pulled toward one end side to reduce the size, and the cultivation floor is opened so that sunlight is exposed to it, and the assimilation production is performed for about 8 to 12 hours photoperiod. At night, a night cooling room is stretched to cover the cultivation floor, the cooling device is turned on, and cold air is supplied from the cylindrical duct into the night cooling room, whereby about 10 to 10
Expose a low temperature of 15 ° C. This promotes flower bud differentiation.

After the differentiation of the first inflorescence, the seedlings are collected and planted in the main field. At the time of this seedling, according to the present invention, since the substrain does not land on the medium, it is not necessary to dig it from the medium together with its root, and simply cut the runner located in the air near the root of each substrain. Good.

Water can be replenished to the sub-strains by watering the culture medium of the cultivation bed from the parent strain through each runner, but the sub-strains may also be directly watered. As the sprinkling means, use a sprinkling pipe having a spray nozzle that is longer than the width of the cultivation floor, and arrange it above the cultivation floor so as to be substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cultivation floor, and in the longitudinal direction. Along with the sprinkling pipe for parent water sprinkling, which is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation floor, the side wall of the cultivation floor can be moved. It is also possible to arrange a sprinkling pipe for the offspring plant at a position slightly away from to along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation floor. Further, the sprinkling pipe for the offspring may be arranged below the bottom wall of the cultivation floor.

Further, at an arbitrary interval from the vicinity of the upper edge of the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor to the foundation surface, for example, from an appropriate position from the vicinity of the upper edge to the vicinity of the lower edge on the outer surface of the side wall of the cultivation floor, or the lower edge. It is preferable to dispose the water-permeable sheet so that it spreads from the appropriate position slightly below the base surface to a position slightly above the base surface toward the base surface. The water sprinkled on the sub-plants wets this permeable sheet, and the roots of the sub-plants formed on the runner come into contact with this permeable sheet, so that the sub-plants easily rehydrate and the rooting is promoted. . As the water permeable sheet, a non-woven fabric or a fine mesh can be used.

Means for arranging the water-permeable sheet so as to incline so that it spreads out as it goes toward the base surface,
The bottom edge of the water-permeable sheet may be simply fixed on the foundation surface by weight or the like so that the bottom edge of the water-permeable sheet is outward in a plane position with respect to the side wall portion of the cultivation floor, or a sheet supporting plate member or bar member. You may arrange | position so that it may spread in the skirt and incline. Also, when using a thing having legs as a support member of the cultivation floor,
The legs may be arranged so as to spread out on the skirt and serve also as a rod member for supporting the seat.

[0019]

[Examples] Strawberries were cultivated using the cultivation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. The cultivating apparatus 1 has a cultivating floor 2 including a base material 21 formed of aluminum as a material having a substantially concave cross section, and a rockwool medium 22 filled in a recess 21 a of the base material 21.

The runner support member 5 is disposed obliquely upwardly from the upper edge of the side wall portion 23 of the cultivation floor 2 at a predetermined distance, for example, about 10 cm, but in the present embodiment, the side wall portion 23 is provided. A plurality of pipe support members 5a arranged along the upper edge so as to project obliquely upward at a predetermined interval.
And a pipe material 5b that is bridged over the upper ends of the plurality of pipe support materials 5a.

The cultivation floor 2 is supported by the supporting member 3 with the height of the upper edge of the side wall portion being about 1.5 m from the ground. The supporting member 3 has a width and a length that allow the cultivation floor 2 to be placed. Support plate 3
1 and the upper part of the support plate 31 is joined to one side end of the support plate 31 and the lower side of the support plate 31 is located below the other side end of the support plate 31 and is located outward of the other side end in plan view. Of the first slanted portion 32a and a second slanted portion 32b slightly slanted outward from the lower side of the first slanted portion 32a, and in the middle of the first slanted portion 31a so as to be substantially X-shaped. And a pair of legs 32 intersecting each other. The leg 3
2 are disposed near both ends of the support plate 31 in the longitudinal direction.

The upper end of the water-permeable sheet 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 31 in the vicinity of both side edges in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 31, and the lower end side thereof is the second inclined portion 32 of the leg portion 32.
It is supported by a and hangs down so that it becomes wide. A water sprinkling pipe is disposed on each of the two water-permeable sheets 4 and 4 so as to be able to sprinkle water by laterally suspending and supporting them from the greenhouse ceiling.

The night cooling device 6 is the same as that shown in FIG.
The cultivating apparatus 1 was arranged so as to be housed in the night-cooling chamber 7 by using the one having the night-cooling chamber 7 and the tubular duct 9 as shown in FIG.

On the cultivating floor 2 of the cultivating apparatus 1 having the above structure, the parent strains 10 were planted at intervals of 50 cm along the longitudinal direction to generate runners 11. When the runner 11 became a predetermined length, it was hooked on the pipe material 5a of the runner support member 5 and grown downward. As a result, four child strains 12 to 15 were formed. From the watering pipe, 3 during the day
Water was sprinkled once per hour on the water-permeable sheet 4, that is, on each of the child strains 12 to 15. The roots of each of the sub-plants 12 to 15 were in contact with the water permeable sheet 4, so that the water absorption was excellent. As a result, rooting was also promoted.

After the offspring 12 to 15 had grown to have about 2 true leaves, night cooling treatment was carried out as described above. The daytime was about 8 hours, the night cold temperature was about 12 to 14 ° C., and the plants were grown until the axillary flower cluster differentiated from the first flower cluster (about 3 weeks), and 12 to 15 offspring were collected.

As a comparison, when a runner was generated in the horizontal direction, the seedlings were grown, seedlings were taken, temporary planting was carried out, and the seedlings were subjected to night cooling treatment under the same conditions as those of the Examples. Was not inferior.

In addition, the child strains 12 to 12 formed on the cultivating floor 2 in which the parent strain 10 is planted and the runners extending vertically downwards are generally used.
The planar cultivated area including No. 15 was about ½ compared to the conventional case where the runner was generated in the horizontal direction. In addition, since the parent strain 10 and the child strains 12 to 15 are not connected via the rockwool medium 22, the disease occurring in the rockwool medium 22 did not spread to the child strains 12 to 15 via the medium 22. .

When the side wall 23 of the cultivation floor 2 is overcome and grown downward, it is hooked on the runner support member 5 before the runner comes into contact with the ground and grown downward again. Needless to say, the number of child strains of 7 to 8 is increased, and the number of child strains per unit area is further improved.

Here, FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of the support member for supporting the cultivation floor 2. This support member 3
00 is a pair of two leg portions 303 arranged so as to have a substantially X-shape similar to the leg portion 32 shown in FIG. 1, and the leg portions 30.
3 and two side pipes 301, 301 arranged substantially in parallel with each other, and a plurality of horizontal pipes 3 spanning a predetermined distance between the side pipes 301, 301.
02, and is comprised. According to this support member 300, the cultivation floor 2 is supported and arranged on the horizontal pipe 302. When the water permeable sheet 4 is provided,
As shown in FIG. 3, after the upper edge of the water-permeable sheet 4 is wound around the side pipe 301, the fitting pipe 304 having a substantially C-shaped cross section can be fitted to the side pipe 301 to be fixed.

[0030]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, the cultivation area required for the growth of child strains can be made smaller than the conventional one, and the cultivation amount of the child strains per given area can be increased, and at the underground portion. It is also possible to suppress the spread of the infectious disease of. In particular, according to the present invention, since the runner support member is provided, more child strains are grown than when the runner support member is not provided and the side wall portion of the cultivation floor is simply overcome to grow downward. By using the runner support member, it is possible to prevent the infection of diseases caused by the contact of the grown runner with the ground. When performing night cooling, it is necessary to perform seedling harvesting, temporary planting, and accompanying transportation work, etc. before the night cooling treatment, because the night growing treatment can be performed on the child strain grown in the air as it is. There is no need, and the work load can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the cultivated area required for growing the offspring is smaller than in the conventional case, the area (space) to be cooled at night is also narrowed, and the effect of improving the efficiency of cooling at night and reducing the cost associated with cooling at night is also obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a cultivation apparatus used in the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a support member for supporting a cultivation bed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a state where a water permeable sheet is arranged on the support member.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the night cooling device used in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cultivation device 2 Cultivation floor 21 Base material 22 Rockwool medium 3 Support member 31 Support plate 32 Leg part 4 Water permeable sheet 5 Runner support member 6 Night cooling device 7 Night cooling room 9 Cylindrical duct 300 Support member 301 Side pipe 302 Horizontal Pipe for rack 303 Leg 304 Pipe for fitting

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating strawberries, which comprises planting a parent strain on a cultivating floor, generating runners one after another to form child strains, and then optionally performing night cooling for flower bud differentiation. The floor is installed at a predetermined height from the foundation surface, a runner support member is arranged above the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor, and the runner is allowed to get over the runner support member and grow downward to form a child strain. How to grow strawberries. 2. A method for cultivating strawberries, which comprises planting a parent strain on a cultivating floor, generating runners one after another to form child strains, and then optionally performing night cooling treatment to cause flower bud differentiation. The floor is installed at a predetermined height from the foundation surface, the runner support member is disposed above the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed, and the runner is allowed to get over the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed and grow downward, and then the tip of the runner. The method for cultivating strawberries, characterized in that the tip of the runner is hooked on the runner support member before it comes into contact with the ground, and it grows downward again to form offspring.