JP3330471B2 - Plant child cultivation apparatus and child cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for cultivating a child plant and a method for cultivating a child plant using the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, strawberries are cultivated as follows. First, a field is formed by embankment or the like on the ground, and a substantially central part thereof is used as a parent stock floor, and a parent stock is planted there. From this parent strain, a runner is generated at a predetermined time, and when the runner lands on a portion (runner floor) adjacent to the left and right of the parent stock floor on the field, a child strain is generated. In addition, a runner is generated from this sub-plant and lands, and further sub-plants are generated. Thereafter, this is repeated, and the child strain grows.

[0003] When the seedlings have grown to a predetermined number, the seedlings are dug up from the runner floor to collect seedlings, and are temporarily planted on a cultivation floor or a cultivation pot filled with soil, sand, rock wool or the like. After the provisional planting, a culture solution is sprayed on the seedlings, and fertilization management is performed until a sufficient amount of roots and leaves is maintained for the living body. Thereafter, if necessary, the mixture is placed in a low-temperature, short-day environment and subjected to a night-cooling treatment to differentiate the flower buds. Then, after the differentiation of the first flower cluster, it is planted in the main field.

[0004]

In the conventional strawberry cultivation, when the sapling is propagated, the runner extends almost horizontally on the field including the parent stock floor and the runner floor and lands. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a large field area, that is, a cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings. Also,
There is a limit in securing a large cultivation area, and the number of offspring to be propagated is naturally limited. Further, it is necessary to collect seedlings for temporary planting or for performing night cooling treatment, which is troublesome. In particular, according to the conventional method, a child plant must be excavated from the runner floor with its roots settled, and transported to a temporary planting bed or to the inside of a night cooling device when performing night cooling, resulting in heavy labor. In addition, since the parent strain and the child strain grow in the same field, the soil-borne disease easily spreads between the parent strain and the child strain or between the parent strain and the child strain through the soil (underground).

On the other hand, in order to solve such a problem of the conventional strawberry cultivation, the present applicant can reduce the cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings and increase the cultivation amount of the seedlings per a predetermined area. At the same time, it is easy to collect seedlings, and it is possible to control the spread of infectious diseases underground. Is proposed as Japanese Patent Application No. 6-144130.

[0006] In this method, a cultivation bed for parent planting is set at a predetermined height, and a runner is allowed to climb over the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed and grow downward. It was discovered that there was a problem like.

[0007] That is, according to this method, after the seedlings are formed, each of the seedlings located in the air is collected by cutting a runner around the seedlings and planted in the main field. The problem is that the direction of germinating flower buds is not constant even if the seedlings are aligned and planted in this field using a part of the runners provided as a guide. If the direction of flower buds is not constant, and if the seedlings (seedlings) that are planted next to each other are kept at a constant distance and grown as they are, high-quality fruits will come into contact with leaves and stems or fruits. Is difficult to obtain. In particular, when the fruits are hidden in the leaves, it is difficult to perform the harvesting operation, and some fruits are overlooked and are not harvested, and the fruits may cause gray mold disease. On the other hand, in order to avoid such inconveniences, it is conceivable to control the posture of each seedling during cultivation, but the operation is very difficult. In addition, there is also a problem that the rhizosphere is insufficiently developed and it is difficult to form a good-quality child since the seedling is located in the air and its rhizosphere is not in contact with the culture medium.

[0008] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reduce the cultivation area and labor for cultivation while maintaining the merit of the means for forming a seedling in the air, while planting in this field. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plant cultivation apparatus and a plant cultivation method for a plant capable of forming a plant in which the direction of the flower bud after the bud is substantially constant and forming a good-quality plant.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems When a seedling formed by the above-described method of growing a runner in the horizontal direction is collected and planted in the main field, each part of the runner attached to the seedling is guided by a guide. It has been known that the direction of flower buds is almost constant as long as the orientation of the seedlings is uniform. The present inventors compared the seedlings formed by the method of growing this runner in the horizontal direction with the seedlings formed by the method of growing in the air. In the case of a child strain,
As a result of trying to adjust the orientation of the crown toward the sunlight, the inventors found that the crown was deformed, which led to the completion of the present invention.

[0010] That is, the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is a plant cultivation apparatus for generating a plurality of stalks by successively generating runners and stalks from a parent strain, and is provided at a predetermined height from a basic surface. A cultivation floor for parental planting, a runner support below the side wall of the cultivation bed, and a runner support capable of supporting a part of the runner growing down over the side wall substantially horizontally; And a culture medium for a child strain provided at a position adjacent to the part.

Further, in the method for cultivating a plant according to the present invention, a runner is grown by using the above-described plant cultivation apparatus, by climbing over a side wall of a cultivation floor for parent planting, and growing a runner. The runner at a portion adjacent to the seedling just before the occurrence is supported substantially horizontally by the runner supporting portion, and the rhizosphere of the seedling is planted and grown on a medium for the seedling.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a child plant cultivation apparatus of the present embodiment, which includes a cultivation floor 2 for parent planting, a cultivation floor support member 3, and a runner support member 4.

The cultivation bed 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is filled with a medium such as soil, sand, rock wool or the like. For example, a plastic sheet having a predetermined length and width, the upper edge of the side wall portion 21 of the peripheral wall is supported by a pipe or the like, and is formed of a plastic sheet stretched in a substantially U-shaped cross section, or formed into a substantially concave cross section. A rigid body such as hard plastic or metal can be used. Further, as in the present embodiment, a drainage part 22 can be provided below the cultivation bed 2 as needed. In the case of a plastic sheet, a part of the bottom wall portion may be joined at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction so as to form a substantially bag shape, thereby forming a drainage portion.

The cultivation floor 2 is installed in a greenhouse at a predetermined height from a base surface such as the ground. As the cultivation floor support member 3 to be installed at a predetermined height, as shown in FIG. 2, a leg 31 erected on a base surface, and fixed to an upper portion of the leg 31, the cultivation floor 2 is fixed. What has the support piece 32 which can be mounted and supported can be used. Further, a means for supporting with a wire member such as a support rod or a wire which is stretched between the wives of the greenhouse may be used.

The side wall 21 of the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor 2
Above, a runner height holding member (not shown) may be disposed at a predetermined distance from the upper edge of the side wall 21. The runner height holding member is composed of a plurality of pipe supports protruding from the vicinity of the upper edge of the side wall 21 at predetermined intervals along the upper edge, and a pipe material spanning the plurality of pipe supports. be able to. Further, a rod-shaped member having a forked portion at the tip may be provided to project from the upper edge of the side wall 21 at a predetermined interval. Further, a rod-shaped member or a wire member such as a wire, which is stretched upward at a predetermined interval from the upper edge of the side wall 21 between the wedge surfaces of the greenhouse, may be used.

The runner support member 4 is disposed below the side wall 21 of the cultivation floor 2 as shown in FIGS. The runner support member 4 includes a runner support portion 41.
The shape and the like are not particularly limited as long as they have the medium and the subculture medium 42. For example, as shown in FIG.
As the runner supporting portion 41, a slit 411a is provided in a foam 411 having appropriate elasticity so as not to damage the runner (FIG. 3A), and a slit 412a is formed in a substantially semi-tubular plastic material 412 ( FIG.
(B)), a base 413 provided with a plurality of pins 413a (FIG. 3 (c)) or the like can be used. Each of these is fixedly disposed with the opening of the slit and the tip of the pin facing upward, and can horizontally support a part of the runner by sandwiching it in the gap between the slit and the pin. The culture medium for child strain 42 is fixedly disposed adjacent to the runner support part 41. As a medium, a block of rock wool, granular cotton, or the like can be used. Alternatively, water or a culture solution can be put in a container (not shown) and used as a culture medium for a child strain. As shown in FIG. 3 (d), a groove 414a having a substantially V-shaped cross section is provided in the block 414 of rock wool vertically and horizontally, and the root zone of the child plant is provided at the center thereof so that roots are easily generated. Hold down the block 41
It can also be planted by dividing it by four. Further, as shown in FIG. 3E, a block-shaped culture medium 415 having a step is provided, and a slit 416a is formed in the upper section 416.
The lower part 417 is used as a runner support part.
Can be used as it is, or by providing a hole or groove, and having a structure in which a runner support portion used as a planting portion of the rhizosphere of the seedling and a medium for the seedling are integrated.

The runner supporting portion 41 and the culture medium for child strain 42
Since a plurality of plant seedlings are formed, a plurality of them are arranged in the vertical direction at different heights corresponding to the plurality, but the means for fixing at a predetermined position between the cultivation floor 2 and the ground is not particularly limited. Not something. It is convenient to use the panel-like runner support member 4 of the present embodiment as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, the support member 4 for runners of the present embodiment has a predetermined thickness, and uses a plurality of plate-like bodies 4a whose upper edge is processed into an uneven shape. A plate located above, such as connecting the first plate-shaped body to the upper part, and then fixing the upper part of the second plate-shaped body 4a to the lower part of the first plate-shaped body 4a The lower part of the plate-like body 4a is fixed by overlapping the upper part of the plate-like body 4a located below. A slit 41a is provided in the protruding portion of each plate-like body 4a along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 2 so as to function as a runner support portion 41.
Function as a support part. Therefore, according to this panel-shaped support member 4 for runners, the runner support portion 41 and the culture medium 42 for child strain can be easily provided. The panel-like runner support member 4 may of course be provided below both the side walls 21 and 21 of the cultivation floor 2 as shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5 denotes a spacing member provided between the lowermost plate-shaped members opposed to each other with the cultivation floor 2 interposed therebetween. It is needless to say that a panel or the like integrally formed so as to have a step may be used instead of overlapping a plurality of plate-like bodies 4a as in this embodiment.

Next, a method of cultivating a child plant using the above-described child plant cultivation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the parent strain 10 is planted in the culture medium of the cultivation bed 2 at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 2. When a predetermined time (predetermined temperature, sunshine conditions, etc.) is reached, a runner 11 is generated from the parent strain 10, and the runner 11 moves on the culture medium in the cultivation bed 2 toward the side wall 21 of the cultivation bed 2 (ie, (In the width direction of the cultivation bed 2), and eventually extends over the side wall 21 and thereafter hangs down by gravity. After that, the child stock (first child stock) 12 occurs outside the side wall 21. If the first stub 12 has occurred, a portion 11a of the runner adjacent to the first stub 12 and located immediately before the occurrence of the first stub 12 as soon as possible after the outbreak has occurred. It is held by the slit 41a, and that part is kept substantially horizontal. Further, the crown of the first strain 12 is planted in a strain medium 42 arranged adjacent to the runner support 41.

The first child strain 12 further includes a runner 13
However, the runner 13 extends downward again due to gravity, and a second child strain 14 is generated. If the second child strain 14 occurs, as in the case of the first child strain 12,
The runner support 41 supporting the first stub 12 and the runner support 41 located below the sap culture medium 42
A portion 13a of the runner, which is located just before the occurrence of the second stub 14 and adjacent to the second stub 14 in the slit 41a, is held substantially horizontally, and
Is planted in a culture medium 42 for a child strain adjacent to the runner supporting portion 41. This is repeated thereafter such that a runner 15 is further generated from the second sub-strain 14 and a third sub-strain 16 is formed, but the above operation is performed every time a new sub-strain is generated. In addition, when a new runner and a child strain are generated from the parent strain 10, it goes without saying that the same operation as described above is performed.

When the cultivation of the seedling is carried out in this way, the rhizosphere containing the crown of the seedling grows in the culture medium and the runner in front of the seedling is held substantially horizontally. In the vicinity of the occurrence site, the same conditions as those in the conventional method of propagating the runner and the stalk in the horizontal direction are applied. For this reason, an appropriately shaped crown is formed. In addition, since the crown is planted in the culture medium for seedlings, it is possible to form good quality seedlings by supplying fertilizer.

When the seedlings have multiplied to a predetermined number and have grown to have about two true leaves, a night cooling treatment is performed if necessary. Specifically, for example, a light-shielding curtain for night cooling is provided in advance in a greenhouse, and a duct connected to an appropriate cooling device is provided, and the light-shielding curtain is drawn toward one end during the day. The plant is reduced to an open state so that the cultivation floor is exposed to sunlight, and the assimilation production is performed for about 8 to 12 hours.
At night, the cultivation floor is covered with a light-shielding curtain, the cooling device is turned on, and cool air is supplied from a duct into a space partitioned by the light-shielding curtain, so that the child plants can be grown for about 10 to 15 days.
This can be done by encountering a low temperature of ° C., which can promote flower bud differentiation.

After the differentiation of the first inflorescence, the offspring 12,1
Seedlings 4 and 16 are planted in the main field. At this time, according to the present invention, the medium in which the parent strain 10 is planted and the child strains 12, 14,
Since the culture medium 42 in which the plant 16 is planted is different, the child strains 12, 14, 16 can be planted in the main field with the culture medium 42 for the child strain attached. Therefore, at the time of seeding, the runners 11, 13, and 15 need only be cut around the runner so that the portion held substantially horizontally by the runner support portion 41 remains in the seedling, and the conventional horizontal direction is used. There is no need to excavate the seedlings from the root unlike the method of growing the seedlings.

When planting in this field, the planting is carried out with the guides 11a, 13a and 15a of the runner held substantially horizontally. Since the shape of the crown is appropriate as described above, if the plant is planted in this way, the direction of the flower buds will be substantially constant.

As a means for watering the seedlings, a watering pipe having a spray nozzle, which is longer than the width of the cultivation bed, is disposed above the cultivation bed so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed. And can be moved along the longitudinal direction, so that water can be sprayed on both the parent plant and the child plant on the cultivation bed, or arranged along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed 2 as shown in FIG. In addition to the watering pipe 6 for watering the parent plant, the watering pipe 7 for the child plant is disposed at a position slightly away from the side wall 21 of the cultivation floor 2 so as to extend along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation floor 2. Is also good.

It should be noted that the child cultivation apparatus and the child cultivation method of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of gutters 8 are disposed substantially horizontally diagonally below, and in the recesses of the gutters 8, as shown in FIG. Medium 41 shown
1) may be provided. According to this device, by supplying the liquid fertilizer to the gutter 8, it is possible to supply nutrients to the child plants. In addition, by cooling water flowing through the gutter 8 at night, night cooling can be performed without using a special night cooling device.

[0026]

According to the plant cultivation apparatus and method of the present invention for a plant, the cultivation area required for propagation of the plant can be made smaller than before, and the cultivation amount of the plant per predetermined area can be increased. At the same time, the spread of infectious diseases underground can be suppressed. Moreover, according to the present invention, a part of the runner is held substantially horizontally, and since the culture medium is dedicated to the child plant, the crown shape is appropriate, and the direction of the flower buds after the permanent planting in this field is almost constant. ing. In addition, since the medium has a medium for child strains, by supplying fertilizer, the child strains can sufficiently absorb the nutrients, and higher quality child strains can be formed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of a plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an end view of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various aspects of a runner support.

FIG. 4 is a view showing another example of the seedling cultivation apparatus of the present invention, wherein (a) is an end view thereof, and (b) is a gutter provided with a seedling culture medium with a runner support. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 seedling cultivation apparatus 2 cultivation floor 21 side wall 3 support member for cultivation floor 4 support member for runner 41 runner support part 42 culture medium for seedling 8 gutter

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Ikuya Yamakawa 260, Hiroki Kuriki, Isobe-cho, Shima-gun, Mie Prefecture Examiner Makoto Sakata (56) References JP-A-6-284826 (JP, A) JP-A 8-47333 (JP, A ) 62-142239 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 1/00 A01G 9/12

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An apparatus for cultivating a seedling of a plant, wherein a runner and a seedling are sequentially generated from a parent strain to form a plurality of seedlings, comprising: a cultivation bed for setting a parent plant at a predetermined height from a base surface; A runner support portion that can support a part of a runner that is growing downward over the side wall portion substantially below the side wall portion of the floor, and for a child provided at a position adjacent to the runner support portion. An apparatus for cultivating plant seedlings, comprising a medium. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the runner supporting portion and the culture medium for a child plant are
The plant child cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus has a plurality of plants at different heights. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the runner is grown downward by climbing over the side wall of the cultivation floor for parent planting, and after the occurrence of the seedling, before the occurrence of the seedling. A method for cultivating a plant subculture, wherein the runner at a portion adjacent to the subculture is supported substantially horizontally by the runner supporting portion, and the rhizosphere of the subculture is planted and grown in a culture medium for the subculture.