JP3330428B2 - Strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating strawberries, and more particularly, to a method for cultivating strawberries which is subjected to a night-cooling treatment without cutting off the seedlings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, strawberries are cultivated as follows. First, a field is formed by embankment or the like on the ground, and a substantially central part thereof is used as a parent stock floor, and a parent stock is planted there. From this parent strain, a runner is generated at a predetermined time, and when the runner lands on a portion (runner floor) adjacent to the left and right of the parent stock floor on the field, a child strain is generated. In addition, a runner is generated from this sub-plant and lands, and further sub-plants are generated. Thereafter, this is repeated, and the child strain grows.

[0003] When the seedlings have grown to a predetermined number, the seedlings are dug up from the runner floor to collect seedlings, and are temporarily planted on a cultivation floor or a cultivation pot filled with soil, sand, rock wool or the like. After the provisional planting, a culture solution is sprayed on the seedlings, and fertilization management is performed until a sufficient amount of roots and leaves is maintained for the living body. Thereafter, the cells are placed in a low-temperature, short-day environment and subjected to a night-cooling treatment to differentiate the flowers.
Then, after the differentiation of the first flower cluster, it is planted in the main field.

[0004]

In such a conventional strawberry cultivation, when breeding a sapling, a runner is formed by extending in a substantially horizontal direction on a field including a parent stock bed and a runner bed, and landing. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a large field area, that is, a cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings. In addition, it is necessary to collect seedlings for temporary planting and further to perform night cooling treatment, which is troublesome. In particular, according to the conventional method, it is necessary to excavate the seedlings from the runner floor with their roots settled and transport them to the temporary planting floor and further into the night cooling device, resulting in heavy labor.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reduce the cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings, to increase the cultivation amount of the seedlings per a predetermined area, and to increase the number of the seedlings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a strawberry cultivation method in which night cooling is performed as it is on a runner without collecting seedlings.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the cultivation method of strawberries according to the present invention is to plant a parent plant on a cultivation bed, generate runners one after another to form a child plant, and then cool at night. In a strawberry cultivation method for performing flower bud differentiation by processing, the cultivation floor is installed at a predetermined height from a base surface,
The runners are characterized by growing over the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed and growing downward to form child plants, and in the state where the child plants are formed on the runners, are subjected to night cooling treatment to differentiate the flower buds.

[0007] The cultivation bed is not particularly limited as long as it has a base material and a medium such as soil, sand, rock wool or the like filled inside the base material. The base material has a predetermined length and width, the upper edge of the side wall portion of the peripheral wall is supported by a pipe or the like, and a plastic sheet stretched in a substantially U-shaped cross section or a substantially concave cross-sectional shape is used. It is possible to use a hard plastic or metal made of a rigid body. In addition, a drainage part can be provided below this base material as needed. For example, when it is made of a plastic sheet, a part of the bottom wall portion can be joined and formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction so as to have a substantially bag shape. When formed from a rigid body, a drain port is provided at a substantially central portion of the bottom wall portion, and a drain portion having a substantially concave cross section for receiving the drain liquid passing through the drain port is provided on the back surface thereof. And can be integrally molded with the substrate.

[0008] The cultivation floor is installed in a greenhouse at a predetermined height from a base surface such as the ground. The supporting member for installation at a predetermined height includes a leg standing on the base surface, and a support plate fixed to the upper portion of the leg and capable of supporting a cultivation floor placed thereon. Can be used. Further, a means for supporting with a wire member such as a support rod or a wire which is stretched between the wives of the greenhouse may be used.

In the greenhouse used in the present invention, a night cooling device for performing night cooling is provided. The night cooling device is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the night cooling process in which the child plants are placed in a low-temperature, short-day environment. For example, FIG.
As shown in the figure, a rail 7e and a traveling body 7f that can travel along the rail 7e by a pulling means 7g composed of a pulley, a tow rope, and the like are arranged on a ceiling surface in the greenhouse 8, and the traveling body 7f is provided with: The night cooling room 7 composed of a flexible light-shielding thin film member having a ceiling surface forming portion 7b and a side surface forming portion 7a is suspended and arranged so that the above-mentioned cultivation floor is accommodated in the night cooling room 7, and further made of a flexible material. The night cooling device 6 in which a tubular duct 9 connected to the cooling device 9a is suspended from the night cooling room 7 can be used. That is, when daytime sunlight is supplied to the child plant, one end 7c of the night cooling room 7 is drawn toward the other end 7d, and the one end 7c and the other end 7c are drawn at night.
In this configuration, the cultivation floor is covered by being stretched so as to be separated from d, and cool air is supplied from the cylindrical duct 9.

The parent strain is planted at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed with respect to the culture medium of the cultivation bed thus set. When a predetermined time (predetermined temperature, sunshine conditions, etc.) is reached, a runner is generated from the parent strain.
It extends substantially horizontally on the culture medium in the cultivation bed toward the side wall of the cultivation bed, and finally gets over the upper edge of the side wall. Since the runner that has climbed over is located in the air, it grows so as to hang downward due to gravity, and a child (first child) is formed outside the side wall portion. Further, the runner generated from the first stalk also extends downward due to gravity to form a second stalk,
This is repeated to form third and fourth child strains.

When the seedlings have multiplied to a predetermined number and have grown to have about two true leaves, night cooling is performed by operating the above-described night cooling device without collecting seedlings. In particular,
During the day, the night room is pulled down to one end to reduce the size of the room and open it so that the cultivation floor is exposed to sunlight. At night, a cold room is set up to cover the cultivation floor, the cooling device is turned on, and cool air is supplied from the cylindrical duct into the night cool room, so that the seedlings can encounter a low temperature of about 10 to 15 ° C. Thereby, flower bud differentiation is promoted.

After the differentiation of the first flower cluster, seedlings are collected and planted in the main field. At the time of this seeding, according to the present invention, since the seedlings do not land on the medium, there is no need to dig up from the medium together with the roots, simply cut the runner located in the air near the root of each seedling. Is fine.

The water supply to the seedlings can be carried out only by sprinkling water on the culture medium of the cultivation bed, and can be carried out from the parent strain through each runner. As the watering means, a watering pipe having a spray nozzle having a length longer than the width of the cultivation bed is used, and this is disposed above the cultivation bed so as to be substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed, and in the longitudinal direction. Along with the parent plant and the child plant of the cultivation floor, and may be watered together, or separately from the watering pipe for parent plant watering arranged along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation floor, the side wall portion of the cultivation floor. A configuration may be adopted in which a sprinkling tube for a child plant is disposed at a position slightly away from the outside so as to extend along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed. In addition, the sprinkling tube for the child plant may be provided below the bottom wall of the cultivation floor.

[0014] Further, during an arbitrary period from the vicinity of the upper edge of the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed to the base surface, for example, from an appropriate position from the vicinity of the upper edge to the vicinity of the lower edge of the outer surface of the side wall of the cultivation bed, or the lower edge It is preferable to dispose the water-permeable sheet so as to extend toward the base surface from an appropriate position slightly below the base surface to a position slightly above the base surface. The water sprinkled on the seedlings wets the water-permeable sheet, and the roots of the seedlings formed on the runner come into contact with the water-permeable sheet, so that the seedlings easily rehydrate and promote rooting. . In addition, as a water-permeable sheet, a nonwoven fabric or a fine mesh-like sheet can be used.

Means for arranging the water-permeable sheet so as to become wider as it goes in the direction of the base surface include:
The lower edge of the water-permeable sheet may be simply fixed on the base surface by weight or the like so that the lower edge of the water-permeable sheet is located outside the side wall of the cultivation floor in a planar position, or a sheet member or a bar member for sheet support May be arranged so as to be flared. Also, when using a member having a leg as a support member of the cultivation floor,
The legs may be arranged flared to serve also as a rod member for supporting the seat.

[0016]

EXAMPLE Strawberries were cultivated using the cultivation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. The cultivation apparatus 1 has a cultivation bed 2 composed of a substrate 21 formed of aluminum as a material and having a substantially concave cross section, and a rock wool medium 22 filled in a concave portion 21a of the substrate 21. The cultivation floor 2 is supported by the support member 3 so that the height of the upper edge of the side wall portion is about 1.5 m from the ground, but the support member 3 has a support plate having a width and a length on which the cultivation floor 2 can be placed. An upper portion is joined near one side end of the support plate 31, and a lower side is located below the other side end near the other side end and located in a planar position outside the vicinity of the other side end. And a second inclined portion 32b slightly inclined outward from the lower side of the first inclined portion 32a, and in the middle of the first inclined portion 31a so as to be substantially X-shaped. And a pair of legs 32 intersecting with each other. The legs 32 are disposed near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 31.

The upper end of the water-permeable sheet 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 31 near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 31.
a, and hang down so as to be flared. Note that a water sprinkling pipe 5 is disposed on each of the two water permeable sheets 4 and 4 by means such as hanging from the ceiling of the greenhouse so as to be able to spray water.

As the night cooling device 6, FIG.
The cultivation apparatus 1 was disposed so as to be accommodated in the night cooling room 7 using a night cooling room 7 and a tubular duct 9 as shown in FIG.

The parent plant 10 was planted at intervals of 50 cm along the longitudinal direction on the cultivation floor 2 of the cultivation apparatus 1 having such a configuration, and a runner 11 was generated. The runner 11 climbed downward after climbing over the upper edge of one of the side walls 23 of the cultivation bed 2 to form the first seedling 12. First child 1
From the second runner 13, a runner 13 occurs and a second child strain 14 occurs.
A sub-strain 16 was formed. From the watering pipe 5, once every three hours during the day, the water-permeable sheet 4
Water was sprayed on 2, 14, and 16. Each child stock 12,14,
The roots of No. 16 were in contact with the water-permeable sheet 4, so that the water absorption was good. As a result, rooting was also promoted.

When the seedlings 12, 14, and 16 grew until approximately two true leaves were attached, they were subjected to the night cooling treatment as described above. The daylength was about 8 hours, the night cooling temperature was about 12 to 14 ° C., the seedlings were grown until the axillary flower cluster differentiated from the first flower cluster (about 3 weeks), and the seedlings 12, 14, and 16 were collected.

As a comparison, the seedlings were grown in the horizontal direction, the seedlings were multiplied, the seedlings were collected and provisionally planted, and the seedlings were compared with the seedlings obtained by the conventional method in which night cooling was performed under the same conditions as in the example. Was not inferior.

The planar cultivation area including the cultivation floor 2 on which the parent strain 10 is planted and the sub-plants 12, 14, 16 formed on the runners 11, 13, 15 extending substantially vertically downward is the conventional horizontal cultivation area. It was about 1/2 compared to the case where runners were generated in the direction. As a result, the number of grown offspring in one greenhouse, that is, the cultivation amount was improved. In addition, since the parent strain 10 and the child strains 12, 14, 16 are not connected via the rock wool medium 22, a disease occurring in the rock wool medium 22 spreads to the child strains 12, 14, 16 via this medium 22. There was nothing.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of a support member for supporting the cultivation bed 2. This support member 3
Reference numeral 00 denotes a pair of legs 303 arranged in a substantially X-shape similar to the legs 32 shown in FIG.
And two side pipes 301, 301 supported by and substantially parallel to each other, and a plurality of horizontal pipes 3 bridged at predetermined intervals between the side pipes 301, 301.
02. According to this support member 300, the cultivation floor 2 is supported and disposed on the horizontal pipe 302. When the water permeable sheet 4 is provided,
As shown in FIG. 3, after the upper edge of the water permeable sheet 4 is wound around the side pipe 301, a fitting pipe 304 having a substantially C-shaped cross section can be fitted to the side pipe 301 to be fixed.

[0024]

According to the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, the seedlings grown in the air are subjected to night cooling treatment as they are, so that the seedlings are seeded, temporarily planted, and transported before the night cooling treatment. There is no need to perform work or the like, and the work load can be reduced. In addition, after the night-cooling treatment, the seedling collecting work of the seedling when planting in the main field is easy. Furthermore, the cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings is made smaller than before, and the cultivation amount of the seedlings per predetermined area can be increased,
It can also control the spread of infectious diseases underground.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a cultivation apparatus used in the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a support member for supporting a cultivation floor.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a state in which a water-permeable sheet is provided on the supporting member.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the night cooling device used in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation apparatus 2 Cultivation floor 21 Substrate 22 Rock wool culture medium 3 Support member 31 Support plate 32 Leg 4 Water-permeable sheet 6 Night cooling device 7 Night cooling room 9 Cylindrical duct 300 Support member 301 Side pipe 302 Horizontal pipe 303 Leg 304 Fitting pipe

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A strawberry cultivation method in which a parent strain is planted on a cultivation bed, a runner is generated one after another to form a child plant, and thereafter, the cultivation is performed by cooling at night to perform flower bud differentiation. It is installed at a predetermined height from above, and the runner is grown over the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed and grown downward to form a child plant, and is subjected to night cooling treatment with the child plant formed on the runner to differentiate flower buds. Strawberry cultivation method.