JP4821313B2 - Hydroponic cultivation house - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation house provided with a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for raising seedlings and growing crops such as straw.

In order to increase the efficiency of the seedling space, the seedling device for cocoons is equipped with multiple stages of hydroponics beds, the child stocks are generated sequentially from the parent runners, and the seedlings are planted on the multistage hydroponics bed to raise the seedlings. There is something to do.
JP-A-10-52171

  However, in the conventional seedling raising device, the seedling is planted on a hydroponics bed to raise seedlings. Since the work of digging and replanting has to be done, there is a problem that the root of the child stock is damaged, and the seedling quality of the child stock is deteriorated. There were problems in terms of harvest and yield per share.

Invention of claim 1, provided with a nutrient solution culture apparatus, the nutriculture device, a high設架tower in a two-stage structure of the upper placing shelf and lower mounting shelf provided, on the upper platform shelf is A hydroponics bed with a narrow left and right width is placed, and a hydroponics bed with a wide left and right width is placed on the lower stage shelf , and a hydroponic sheet is laid in the recess of each hydroponics bed , and the root is placed on it. a configuration filled with cultivation medium laying the cut sheet, the side wall of the recess is disposed a hydroponic sheet receiving member with its upper part to form a gentle arc surface, hydroponic sheet hydroponic sheet It is configured to be received from below by the receiving member and hang down from the left and right sides of the hydroponics bed , and a rail is fixed to both the left and right sides of the elevated platform , and the rail is self-propelled by driving an electric motor, and in front view the constructed control device gate-shaped control pipe provided to the control pipe, the upper and seedlings in front view Is obtained by the right both sides and the left and right downwardly hydroponics house in which a chemical spray nozzles to spray the liquid medicine.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in cultivation with the hydroponic cultivation apparatus , the cocoon is produced so as to hang down on the left and right outer sides of the hydroponic bed . At this time, hydroponic sheet is received from below by hydroponic sheet receiving member, since hydroponic sheet is hanging downwardly on the left and right sides of hydroponic beds to form a gentle arc shape surface, it is of strawberry Since the stem is received by this gentle arcuate surface, it is prevented from being broken or damaged, and the pod grows well and can harvest good quality cocoons. Moreover, during the seedling raising period of the child stock using the hydroponic device , one row of the strawberry parent plant was planted in the upper hydroponics bed, and the tip of the runner extending from the parent stock and the tip of the runner extending from the child stock The seedlings made in this way are planted in the lower hydroponics bed and raised. Then, in the cocoon cultivation period, the seedlings grown in the lower hydroponics bed are thinned out and left at equal intervals, and the thinned child stocks are planted in the upper hydroponics bed . Therefore, the child stock of the lower hydroponics bed is cultivated while being planted when it is generated from the runner, so that it becomes a high-quality seedling without damage to the roots of the seedling and can harvest high quality straw. However, since there are few man-hours to replant the child stock, the production efficiency is very good, the subsequent cultivation of straw can be done well, good quality straw can be harvested, and the yield per share increases. Furthermore, the pest control device is such that the traveling wheels are self-propelled on the rails and appropriately spray the chemicals on both the front and back sides of the leaves of the seedlings planted in the cultivation medium. Can be done automatically. Then, After completion drug spraying one nutriculture device, remove the control device from the rail of the nutriculture device, put the control device to the rail next to the nutriculture device, a chemical spraying operations in the same manner Do. Therefore, the chemical solution can be appropriately sprayed on both the front side and the back side of the seedlings with high efficiency and with little effort.

Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the hydroponic culture house 1, a seedling raising device 2 for raising seedlings generated from runners extending from the parental stock A of the cocoon and a hydroponic cultivation device 3 of the cocoon are provided.

  The seedling raising apparatus 2 fixes six stages of mounting tables 5 made of open steel plates (steel plates with a large number of holes) to a support frame 4 that is framed in a trapezoidal shape when viewed from the front, and is placed on the uppermost mounting table 5. A large number of planters 6 for parental stock are placed in a row. Then, a seedling pot 7 having a vinyl inner diameter of 6 to 9 cm (with holes for water supply and drainage on the bottom surface) is provided at the left and right ends of the second to sixth stage mounting tables 5. The child toys 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, and 8e are placed.

  9 is an irrigation pipe provided with a number of small irrigation holes for irrigating the parent plant A, which is arranged along the upper surface of the planters 6 for the parent plant arranged in a row. Each of the persimmons planted in the planter 6 for parent stocks arranged in a line is supplied with water (nourishing liquid) containing liquid fertilizer in the first water supply pipe 11 from the water supply pipe 10 buried in the soil inside The parent strain A is configured to be irrigated with a nutrient solution.

  Reference numeral 12 denotes a drainage toy disposed below the uppermost mounting table 5, which receives a drainage nutrient solution drained from a drainage hole provided on the bottom surface of each parent planter 6. In FIG. 13, the used nutrient solution is drained into the drain pipe 14.

  Reference numeral 15 denotes a second water supply pipe for supplying nutrient solution to each of the child stock toys 8a, and the base portion is connected to the water supply pipe 10, and each water discharge portion 15a is provided facing each child stock toy 8a. ing. In addition, 15b ... is a water supply valve | bulb for supplying or stopping the nutrient solution to each toy for child stock 8a ....

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a second drainage pipe having a branched tip portion 16a ... connected to the bottom surface of each toy stock 8a ... to drain the used nutrient solution, and a base is connected to the drainage pipe 14 to each stock toy 8a. It is provided to drain used nutrient solution.

Here, the method to raise the seedling which generate | occur | produced from the runner extended from the parent stock A of the cocoon with the said seedling raising apparatus 2 is demonstrated.
First, each parent planter 6 is filled with fine-grained rock wool as a cultivation floor, and the parent plant A of straw is planted in two rows. Then, seedling pots 7 filled with fine rock wool as a seedling bed are placed in close contact with each other in each toy for child stock 8a.

  Then, the nutrient solution is irrigated to the parent stock A of each culm with the irrigation pipe 9, the used nutrient solution is received by the drainage toy 12, drained into the drainage pipe 14 with the first drainage pipe 13, and raised. At this time, all the water supply valves 15b... Corresponding to the child stock toys 8a.

  When the strawberry parent strain A is nurtured, the runner will eventually grow and the first child strain a1 will be formed at the tip. Therefore, the child stock a1 is planted in the seedling raising pot 7 in the child stock toy 8a on the second stage mounting table. Then, in order to supply the nutrient solution to the child stock toy 8a on the second stage mounting table, the water supply valve 15b corresponding to the child toy 8a on the second stage mounting table is opened. The nutrient solution is also supplied to the child stock a1 planted in the nursery pot 7 in the child stock toy 8a on the stage mounting stage to raise the seedling. When the nutrient solution is supplied into the child stock toy 8a, the nutrient solution enters the seedling pot 7 through the hole formed in the bottom surface of the seedling pot 7, and is planted on the seedling raising floor (fine rock wool). The offspring a1 grows by absorbing nutrient solution. Then, the used nutrient solution is drained to the drain pipe 14 by the second drain pipe 16.

  In this way, when the parent strain A and the child strain a1 are nurtured, a runner extends from the child strain a1 and a second child strain a2 is formed at the tip. Therefore, the child stock a2 is planted in the seedling raising pot 7 in the child stock toy 8b on the third stage mounting table. Then, in order to supply the nutrient solution to the child stock toy 8b on the third stage mounting table, the water supply valve 15b corresponding to the child stock toy 8b on the third stage mounting table is opened, and each parent strain A / child stock a1 At the same time, the nutrient solution is also supplied to the seedling a2 planted in the seedling pot 7 in the seedling toy 8b on the third stage to raise the seedling.

  Next, when the parent strain A / child strain a1 / a2 is nurtured, a runner extends from the child strain a2 and a third child strain a3 is formed at the tip. Therefore, the child stock a3 is planted in the seedling raising pot 7 in the child stock toy 8c on the fourth stage mounting table. Then, in order to supply nutrient solution to the child toy 8c on the fourth stage mounting table, the water supply valve 15b corresponding to the child toy 8c on the fourth stage mounting table is opened, and each parent strain A / child stock a1 Simultaneously with a2, the nutrient solution is also supplied to the seedling a3 planted in the seedling pot 7 in the seedling toy 8c on the fourth stage mounting table to raise the seedling.

  Next, when the parent strain A, the child strains a1, a2, and a3 are nurtured, a runner extends from the child strain a3 and a fourth child strain a4 is formed at the tip. Therefore, the child stock a4 is planted in the seedling raising pot 7 in the child stock toy 8d on the fifth stage mounting table. Then, in order to supply the nutrient solution to the child stock toy 8d on the fifth stage mounting table, the water supply valve 15b corresponding to the child stock toy 8d on the fifth stage mounting table is opened, and each parent strain A / child stock a1 At the same time as a2 and a3, the nutrient solution is also supplied to the seedling a4 planted in the seedling pot 7 in the seedling toy 8d on the fifth stage mounting table to raise the seedling.

  Next, when the parent strain A, the child strains a1, a2, a3, a4 are nurtured, a runner extends from the child strain a4, and a fifth child strain a5 is formed at the tip. Therefore, the child stock a5 is planted in the seedling raising pot 7 in the child stock toy 8e on the sixth stage mounting table. Then, in order to supply the nutrient solution to the child toy 8e on the sixth stage mounting table, the water supply valve 15b corresponding to the child toy 8e on the sixth stage mounting table is opened, and each parent strain A / child stock a1 At the same time as a2, a3, a4, the nutrient solution is also supplied to the seedling a5 planted in the seedling pot 7 in the seedling toy 8e on the sixth stage mounting table to raise the seedling.

In this way, the seedlings at the tip of the runners that are sequentially generated from the seedlings are planted in the seedling pot 7 for raising seedlings.
Then, 4-5 runners are extended from one parent strain, and 4-5 child stocks are attached to one runner to raise seedlings. That is, if 16 to 25 offsprings are generated and grown by one parent strain, a good quality offspring can be grown.

  Then, the grown stock is cut off the runner, taken out from the seedling toy 8a (8b, 8c, 8d, 8e) together with the seedling pot 7 and taken to the hydroponics device 3 described later, and the seedling is used for raising the seedling. The seedling raising floor (fine granular rock wool) is taken out from the pot 7 and planted in the culture medium of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 as it is. Therefore, since the root of the seedling can be planted in the culture medium of the hydroponic cultivation device 3 while the root of the seedling is on the nursery bed (fine-grained rock wool), the seedling quality of the seedling can be obtained without damaging the root of the seedling. Therefore, the subsequent cultivation of strawberries can be carried out well, good quality strawberries can be harvested, and the yield per share also increases.

Next, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 will be described.
A plurality of elevated stands 20 made of pipe material are provided in the hydroponic cultivation house 1 with an interval at which an operator can walk while performing cultivation operations (various operations such as inspection, control and harvesting of seedlings). A column is provided.

  A hydroponic bed 21 made of foamed polystyrene is placed on each elevated platform 20, a hydroponic sheet 23 made of non-woven fabric is laid in the recess 22 of the hydroponic bed 21, and a root cutting sheet 24 (fine A resinous mesh net) is laid and filled with a culture medium 25 made of fine rock wool.

  And the plate-shaped hydroponic sheet | seat receiving member 26 ... is arrange | positioned in the side wall part in the recessed part 22 of the hydroponic bed 21 at predetermined intervals. As shown in the figure, the hydroponic sheet receiving member 26 has a configuration in which an upper part forms a gentle arc surface, and receives a hydroponic sheet 23 provided from below so as to hang down from the left and right sides of the hydroponic bed 21. The hydroponic sheet 23 acts to form a gentle arcuate surface.

  27 is a pipe for irrigation arranged on the upper surface of the cultivation medium 25. Small holes are formed at predetermined intervals, and the nutrient solution is irrigated to the seedlings of the pods planted in two rows in the cultivation medium 25. ing. Since the direction of the cocoon seedling is determined, when the cocoon seedling is planted on the hydroponics bed 21, the cocoon seedling is planted so that the cocoon seeds face the outside of the hydroponic bed 21.

  As a result, the cocoon hangs down on both the left and right sides of the hydroponics bed 21. At this time, the hydroponic sheet 23 is received from below by the hydroponic sheet receiving member 26, and the hydroponic sheet 23 forms a gentle arcuate surface and hangs downward on both the left and right sides of the hydroponic bed 21. Since the stalks with cocoons are received by this gentle arcuate surface, they are prevented from being broken or damaged, and the cocoons grow well and can harvest high quality cocoons.

28 is a drainage groove provided on the bottom surface of the left and right central part of the concave portion 22 of the hydroponic bed 21 and is provided for draining the used nutrient solution.
Reference numeral 29 denotes a self-propelled control device, which has a gate-shaped control pipe 30 in a front view and a traveling wheel 32 that self-propels a rail 31 fixed to the left and right sides of the elevated frame 20 by driving an electric motor. It consists of The control pipe 30 is provided with chemical solution spray nozzles 33... So that the chemical solution can be sprayed onto the seedling from above, from both the left and right sides, and from the lower left and right in the front view. (Not shown).

  Therefore, the control device 29 has the traveling wheel 32 self-propelled on the rail 31 and properly sprays the chemical solution on both the front and back sides of the leaves of the seedlings planted in the culture medium of the nutrient solution cultivation device 3. An appropriate chemical solution spraying operation can be automatically performed on all the seedlings planted in two rows on the cultivation medium of the liquid cultivation apparatus 3. And if the chemical spraying of one nutrient solution cultivating apparatus 3 is finished, the control device 29 is removed from the rail 31 of the nutrient solution cultivating device 3, and the control device 29 is placed on the rail 31 of the adjacent nutrient solution cultivating device 3, Similarly, the medicine spraying operation is performed. Therefore, the chemical solution can be appropriately sprayed on both the front side and the back side of the seedlings with high efficiency and with little effort.

  In addition, it replaces with the form which the control apparatus 29 self-propels the rail 31 provided in the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus 3, a wire is stretched above the nutrient solution cultivation apparatus 3, and the gate-shaped prevention pipe in front view to this wire The pest control device 29 equipped with 30 may be suspended and the pesticide spraying operation may be performed while the control device 29 is moved by power along the wire or is pulled and moved by a person.

  When the above-mentioned seedling device 2 and the hydroponic device 3 are used to explain the whole process of cocoon cultivation, a good seedling grown in the seedling device 2 is raised from the seedling pot 7 to a seedling floor (fine-grained rock wool). The whole is taken out and planted in the culture medium of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 as it is. Therefore, it is planted in the cultivation medium 25 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 while the roots of the child strain are in the seedling raising bed (fine-grained rock wool). Then, the seedling is irrigated with the irrigation pipe 27, and the used nutrient solution is drained through the draining groove 28 to grow the seedling. Then, the roots of the child stock are not damaged, and the seedling quality of the child stock is good, so that the straw cultivation can be performed well. However, the cocoon grows so as to hang down on both the left and right sides of the hydroponic bed 21, and the hydroponic sheet receiving member 26 receives the hydroponic sheet 23 from below, so that the hydroponic sheet 23 has a gentle arcuate surface. Since it is formed and hangs downward on both the left and right sides of the hydroponic bed 21, the heeled stem is received by this gentle arc-shaped surface, so that it is prevented from being broken or damaged. Grows well and can harvest good quality grapes, increasing the yield per share.

In addition, the light-shielding curtain 66 is provided in the ceiling part in the hydroponic cultivation house 1 so that opening and closing is possible. A circulation fan 67 that circulates the air in the house to make the room temperature uniform is provided below the light-shielding curtain 66 . Then, in particular, in the hydroponics house 1 of this embodiment, as supplying air by the circulation fan 67 is not directly exposed to the curtains 66, windbreak net 68 is provided below the curtains 66. Therefore, even if air is circulated by the circulation fan 67 in order to circulate the air in the house and make the room temperature uniform, the wind is weakened by the windproof net 68, so that strong wind is prevented from hitting the light shielding curtain 66. It is possible to prevent the light shielding curtain 66 from being broken due to wind. Note that it is conceivable that the wind of the circulation fan 67 is directed downward so that the wind does not hit the light-shielding curtain 66. However, if the wind is directed downward, a strong wind is applied to the seedlings of the hydroponic cultivation device 3. It is not good because it interferes with growth.
(Example 2)
Another example of the hydroponic cultivation house 1 using the self-propelled pest control apparatus 50 that reciprocates along the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 instead of the pest control apparatus 29 of the first embodiment is described with reference to FIG. To do.

  In the hydroponic culture house 1, the same hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 (no rail 31 is provided) as in Example 1 is allowed to perform various operations (various operations such as inspection, control and harvesting for seedlings). Multiple rows are provided.

  Reference numeral 50 denotes a self-propelled general self-propelled control device that automatically travels along an electromagnetic induction wire 51 arranged on the traveling road surface, and automatically moves from forward to reverse by detection of the forward / reverse switching sensor 52. Switched and run automatically.

A guide wire winder 53 is provided with the above-described forward / reverse switching sensor 52 so that the electromagnetic guide wire 51 attached to the tip thereof can be wound and pulled out.
Here, the control work using the above-described guide wire winder 53 will be described. First, the guide wire winder 53 is brought to one end side of the work path between the nutrient solution cultivation apparatuses 3 and the guide wire winder is taken up. The electromagnetic induction wire 51 is pulled out from the vessel 53 and placed in the center of the working path as indicated by the solid line in the figure. Then, in a state where the electromagnetic induction wire 51 is straddled, the self-propelled control device 50 is set and advanced to start the control work. Then, the self-propelled control device 50 moves forward along the electromagnetic induction wire 51 and sprays the medicine to the nutrient solution cultivation devices 3 on both the left and right sides. When the self-propelled control device 50 reaches the position of the forward / reverse switching sensor 52 at the tip of the electromagnetic induction wire 51 set at the other end of the work path, the self-propelled control device 50 detects the forward / backward switching sensor 52. Then switch to reverse, reverse and continue control work. Thereafter, when the self-propelled control device 50 returns to the position of the guide wire winder 53 where the worker is present, the worker stops the control work and the progress of the self-propelled control device 50, and the electromagnetic induction wire 51. Take up.

  Next, the adjacent induction wire winder 53 is brought to one end side of the work path between the nutrient solution cultivation apparatuses 3, and similarly, the electromagnetic induction wire 51 is pulled out from the induction wire winder 53 to be self-propelled. Control work is performed by the control apparatus 50.

Conventionally, an electromagnetic induction wire 51 is stretched and embedded in a passage in which the self-propelled control device 50 travels in the nutrient solution cultivation house 1, and the self-propelled control device 50 is attached to the stretched electromagnetic induction wire 51. Because it is a facility that automatically runs along and performs control work, the hydroponic cultivation facility has become expensive. Therefore, if the worker draws and arranges the electromagnetic induction wire 51 from the induction wire winder 53 for each work passage as described above, the facility itself becomes inexpensive and the control work can be performed efficiently.
Example 3
As another example, based on FIGS. 7 to 9, a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 60 having both raising seedling and cultivation will be described instead of the cocoon raising seedling apparatus 2 and the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 3 of Example 1 described above.

  A plurality of elevated stands 61 made of pipe material are provided in the hydroponic cultivation house 1 at intervals that allow an operator to walk while performing cultivation operations (various operations such as inspection, control and harvesting for seedlings). A column is provided. The elevated platform 61 has a two-stage configuration of an upper stage mounting shelf 62 and a lower stage mounting rack 63.

  A hydroponic bed 64 made of single-row planted polystyrene that has a narrow left and right width is placed on the upper stage shelf 62, and a double-planted fired polystyrene that has a wide left and right width is placed on the lower stage shelf 63. The hydroponics bed 65 which becomes becomes is comprised. The hydroponic bed 64 and the hydroponic bed 65 have the same configuration as the hydroponic bed 22 of the first embodiment, and the hydroponic sheets 64b and 65b made of nonwoven fabric are laid in the concave portions 64a and 65a, respectively. Root cutting sheets 64c and 65c (resin mesh net made of fine mesh) are laid and filled with cultivation medium 64d and 65d made of fine rock wool. The hydroponic beds 64 and 65 are also provided with plate-shaped hydroponic sheet receiving members 64e and 65e as in the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 7, in the seedling raising period of the child stock, a row of the parent plant of the cocoon is planted in the upper hydroponics bed 64, and the child stock formed at the tip of the runner extending from the parent stock and the runner extending from the child stock The child stock formed at the tip (nurturing seedlings up to the fourth seedling) is planted in the lower hydroponics bed 65 to grow the seedlings.

  Then, in the cocoon cultivation period, the seedlings grown in the lower hydroponics bed 65 are thinned out and left at equal intervals in two left and right rows as shown in FIG. 9, and the thinned subcultures are shown in the upper hydroponics bed 64 in FIG. In such a manner, it is planted so as to be located between the child stocks planted in the lower hydroponic bed 65. When the nutrient solution is supplied and cultivated, the seedlings planted in the upper hydroponic bed 64 and the seedlings planted in the lower hydroponic bed 65 are planted out of position in plan view (staggered). Therefore, all seedlings can obtain an appropriate amount of received light, grow well, and can harvest good quality grapes. However, since the child stock of the lower hydroponics bed 65 is cultivated while being planted from the runner, it is cultivated with no damage to the roots of seedlings and the like, so that it becomes a good quality seedling and can harvest high quality straw. However, the production efficiency is very good because there are few man-hours to replant the child stock.

It is whole front sectional drawing of a hydroponic cultivation house. Example 1 (A) is a front view of a seedling raising apparatus, (b) is a rear view. Example 1 It is a side view of a seedling raising device. Example 1 (A) is a top view of a seedling raising apparatus, (b) is a top view for effect | action description. Example 1 (A) is front sectional drawing of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, (b) is a partially expanded sectional view. Example 1 It is a top view for effect | action description of the hydroponic cultivation house which shows another example. (Example 2) It is front sectional drawing of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows another example. (Example 3) It is front sectional drawing of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows another example. (Example 3) It is a top view of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which shows another example. (Example 3)

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 : Hydroponic cultivation house, 20, 61: High installation stand, 29: Control apparatus, 30: Control pipe, 31: Rail, 32: Traveling wheel, 33: Chemical solution spray nozzle, 60: Hydroponic cultivation apparatus, 62: Upper stage Mounting shelf, 63: Lower mounting shelf, 64, 65: Hydroponic bed, 64a / 65a: Recessed part, 64b / 65b: Hydroponic sheet, 64c / 65c: Root cutting sheet, 64d / 65d: Cultivation medium, 64e / 65e: Hydroponic sheet receiving member

Claims (1)

The nutrient solution culture apparatus provided, the nutriculture device, a high設架tower in a two-stage structure of the upper placing shelf and lower mounting shelves provided a hydroponic beds lateral width is narrow on the upper mounting shelf Place a hydroponic bed with a wide left and right width on the lower stage shelf , lay a hydroponic sheet in the recess of each hydroponic bed , spread a rooting sheet on it, and put the culture medium on it a filled configuration, the side wall of the recess, the upper is disposed hydroponic sheet receiving member to form a gentle arc surface, hydroponic sheet is received from below the hydroponic sheet receiving member It is configured to hang down from both the left and right sides of the hydroponic bed , with rails fixed to both the left and right sides of the elevated platform , and the rails consisting of traveling wheels that self- run by driving an electric motor and a gate-shaped control pipe in front view the control device is provided which is, in the control pipe, the upper and right and left both sides and the left and right lower seedling in front view Hydroponic cultivation house in which a chemical spray nozzles to spray the Luo chemical.

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