JP6544745B2 - Greenhouse cultivation method and apparatus for horticultural crops - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for greenhouse cultivation of horticultural crops and a cultivation apparatus therefor.

In strawberry cultivation, there are autumn and summer strawberries and recommended strawberries, and in autumn and summer strawberries plant seedlings in May and in May, move pots to the house in May and harvest them from June to November in sequence There is. In addition, Forsei strawberry planted seedlings in September and around November, moved the pot to the house around November, and harvested it from December until around May of the following year. After the strawberries are harvested, the soil in the pot is drained, the roots are cut, the soil is sterilized and the pot is filled and reused.

For this reason, the troublesome work continues throughout the year, such as moving the seedlings into the greenhouse from the planting, harvesting, discharging the soil of the pot, rooting, sterilization of the soil, etc. It was not possible to grow the species. For this reason, in order to improve the workability by installing a conveyor in the greenhouse, various studies were conducted.

As a conventional apparatus using a conveyor in greenhouse cultivation, for example, a belt for horizontally transferring a plant into a cultivation greenhouse having a three-story structure in which a plant cultivation space in which a plant is cultivated is formed. It has a conveyor and an elevator for vertical transport, and most of the roof and the south wall are made of transparent glass, so that several plants can receive sunlight equally in the third floor part There is a plant cultivation system (Patent Document 1).

However, this plant cultivation system is a three-story greenhouse made of glass, and furthermore, a belt conveyor and an elevator for moving the cultivation container into the house are installed, so the equipment cost becomes high, and some plants can not be profitable There's a problem.

In addition, a plurality of upper rails are erected in parallel in the greenhouse, and a center rail that can be moved parallel along these rails is attached, and a belt hanger for moving the belt of the conveyor is suspended on this. There is also a conveyer apparatus in the greenhouse (Patent Document 2) provided with a conveyer device which can freely move the conveyer suspended here to a position corresponding to the crop weir in the greenhouse and is convenient for the taking-in operation.

However, although this apparatus also improves the workability, it has to be installed a plurality of upper rails in parallel in the greenhouse, which causes a problem of high equipment cost.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-329130 JP-A-7-236369

The present invention ameliorates the above-mentioned problems, and in the cultivation of horticultural crops such as strawberries, it is possible to efficiently cultivate with inexpensive apparatus, improve the workability and increase the yield per unit area, and a greenhouse cultivation method and cultivation thereof An apparatus is provided.

In the method for greenhouse cultivation of horticultural crops according to claim 1 of the present invention, a nursery nursery is set up in a greenhouse, and seedlings of the horticultural crop are raised with the nursery nursery in a pot containing a culture medium. Two conveyors are arranged in parallel, a pot holder for supporting the pots is movably arranged between the two conveyors, a pot on which the grown seedlings are planted is supported by the pot holder, and one end side of the conveyors A plurality of pot holders are sequentially supplied from the side to the other end and arranged in a row to grow horticultural crops, and after harvesting grown plants, the pot holders are carried out from the end of the conveyor, and the pot holders Remove the pot from the container, drain the medium and roots inside, and let the empty pot holder support a pot containing another horticultural crop that had been raised and raised in the nursery at the time of harvest, Sequential supply Foster horticultural Te, is characterized in that performed in parallel harvested and seedling simultaneously.

A greenhouse cultivation method of a horticultural crop according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that in claim 1, it is a strawberry or a tomato as the horticultural crop to be cultivated in a pot.

A greenhouse growing apparatus for horticultural crops according to claim 3 of the present invention arranges two conveyors in parallel at intervals in a greenhouse, and can freely move a plurality of pot holders supporting the pots between the two conveyors. It is characterized in that it is placed on the

In the greenhouse cultivation apparatus for horticultural crops according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the pot holder is formed of a plastic in a flat plate shape, and a square hole or round hole for inserting and supporting the pot is formed in the central portion; A plurality of overlapping prevention protrusions are provided at an end along the traveling direction of the conveyor.

The greenhouse cultivation apparatus for horticultural crops according to claim 5 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 3, the two conveyors arranged in parallel in the greenhouse are roller conveyors.

According to the greenhouse cultivation method for horticultural crops according to claim 1 of the present invention, horticultural crops having different planting dates and harvesting times can be cultivated simultaneously, so that it is possible to harvest throughout the year and to significantly improve the profit. In addition, it is not necessary to transport and install pots one by one to the cultivation shelf as in the prior art by merely moving the pot holder supporting the pots on the cultivation apparatus formed by the left and right roller conveyors, as it is easy to operate Can significantly improve the profitability.

The greenhouse cultivation method of the horticultural crop according to claim 2 of the present invention is capable of simultaneously planting and cultivating a strawberry in combination with autumn and summer strawberries when using strawberries as a horticultural crop to be cultivated, and growing when cultivating a tomato. It can be promoted.

Further, according to the greenhouse cultivation apparatus for horticultural crops according to the third aspect, two conveyors are arranged in parallel at intervals, and a plurality of pot holders supporting the pots are movably mounted between the two conveyors. Since it is necessary to transport the pots one by one to the growing rack as in the prior art, it is possible to greatly improve the workability.

Further, according to the greenhouse cultivation apparatus for horticultural crops according to claim 4, the pot holder is formed in a flat plate shape with plastic, and a square hole or round hole for inserting and supporting the pot is formed in the central portion, Since a plurality of overlapping prevention projections are provided at the end along the line, it is lightweight and easy to attach and detach the pot, and can prevent overlapping of pot holders and can be used as a guide for liquid manure supply hose.

Moreover, according to the greenhouse cultivation apparatus for horticultural crops according to claim 5, since the two conveyors arranged in parallel in the greenhouse are formed by roller conveyors, they are lightweight and inexpensive.

It is a top view of the greenhouse which shows the state which carries out the fixed planting and cultivation of the autumn / summer strawberry and the formation strawberry by one form of embodiment of this invention simultaneously. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which supported the pot on the pot holder. It is a perspective view showing a pot holder. It is a perspective view which shows the state which is growing the strawberry on the cultivation apparatus formed with the roller conveyor. It is a side view which shows the state which is growing the strawberry on the cultivation apparatus formed with the roller conveyor of FIG. It is a side view which shows the state which is cultivating the tomato seedling by other embodiment of this invention on a cultivation apparatus. It is a side view which shows the state which is moving the wire of FIG. 5, and is pulling the string of a tomato diagonally.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. In the figure, 1 indicates a greenhouse, and a nursery 2 is provided in the greenhouse 1, and the other part is a cultivation room 3.

In the nursery 2, a square cylindrical pot 6 containing the culture medium 5 is supported by the pot holder 7. In the pot 6, for example, about 1.5 liters of medium 5 is placed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rectangular tubular pot 6 is formed with a square flange 8 at the top opening and a plurality of slits 9 at the bottom and the side of the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 3, the pot holder 7 is formed of plastic in a flat plate shape, and has a square corner hole 11 for inserting and supporting the pot 6 at the center portion, and an overlapping prevention projection 12 is formed at the opposite end thereof. Two each are provided. The square tubular pot 6 containing the culture medium 5 is inserted into the square hole 11 of the pot holder 7 and the hook 8 is hooked and supported by the edge of the square hole 11 as shown in FIG. ing.

In the raising seedling potion 2, with the pot 6 fitted in the pot holder 7, the strawberry seedling 14A is planted in the culture medium 5, and the seedling is grown for about 3 to 4 months.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of rows of cultivation apparatuses 16 are installed in parallel in the cultivation room 3 next to the nursery 2. In this cultivation apparatus 16, two roller conveyors 17, 17 are arranged in parallel at intervals. The width of the left and right roller conveyors 17, 17 is slightly wider than the width of the pot holder 7 shown in FIG. The roller conveyor 17 has a length of about 30 m, and the roller is made of plastic and light in weight. A plurality of cultivation devices 16A to 16D formed by the left and right roller conveyors 17, 17 are arranged in parallel in the greenhouse 1.

Seedlings 14A of autumn and summer strawberries grown in the pot 6 in the nursery 2 are transferred to the cultivation room 3 in a state of being fitted in the pot holder 7, and two from the end of the cultivation device 16A in the first row from the left side in the figure. The pot holders 7 are placed on the roller conveyors 17 and 17 and sequentially pushed and moved toward the opposite end. Thus, the autumn / summer strawberry seedlings 14A which have been raised are sequentially arranged in the first row of the cultivation apparatus 16A.

In the same manner, first raise the seedlings 14B of the forcing strawberry with the seedling cage 2 and place them on the second to fourth rows of cultivation devices 16B, 16C, 16D from the left side of the cultivation room 3 as shown in FIG. And grow, and harvest red strawberries 19 over several months as shown in FIG. In addition, 20 is a liquid fertilizer supply hose 20 provided along the overlap prevention protrusion 12.

When the harvest of the strawberries 19 is completed, the pot holders 7 supported on the roller conveyors 17, 17 of the fourth row of cultivation apparatus 16D are sequentially moved to the end side and carried out of the greenhouse 1. Next, the pot 6 is removed from the pot holder 7 carried out, and the medium 5 and the roots inside are discarded. Thereafter, the pot 6 is disinfected, filled with fresh medium 5, and the fresh strawberry seedlings 14B are similarly planted in the nursery 2.

Therefore, according to the greenhouse cultivation method of the present invention, autumn and summer strawberries with different planting dates and harvesting times can be planted and cultivated simultaneously in the same greenhouse 1 so that they can be harvested throughout the year, and the profit can be greatly improved. it can. Also, since the nursery 2 and the growing room 3 are provided in the same greenhouse 1, the moving distance of the worker is short, and the pot 6 is placed on the growing device 16 formed by the left and right roller conveyors 17 and 17. Only by moving the pot holder 7 supported, it is not necessary to transport and set the pots 6 one by one to the growing rack as in the prior art, and the workability can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, since the cultivation apparatus 16 is formed by an inexpensive long and thin roller conveyor 17, the equipment cost is also low. Further, the overlap preventing projection 12 provided on the pot holder 7 can prevent the overlapping due to the run-up of the adjacent pot holder 7 and also plays a role of a guide for preventing the liquid fertilizer supply hose 20 from coming off.

In addition, after the harvest of the strawberry 19, it is easy to carry out the pot 6 and discard the culture medium 5 and the roots in the pot 6, so it is troublesome work such as drainage of the soil of the pot, rooting, sterilization of soil as usual. The time can be reduced by 80%.

Therefore, according to the method of the present invention, by using the cultivation apparatus 16 using the roller conveyors 17, 17, it is possible to reduce the complicated work time as compared with the conventional method and to significantly improve the workability. Also, the use of the new culture medium 5 can significantly reduce the production cost and improve the profit.

6 and 7 show another embodiment of the present invention, and a method for cultivating a tomato will be described. The seedlings 22 of tomato are fixedly planted in the pot 6 supported by the pot holder 7 by the raising seedling cage 2 and moved to the cultivation room 3 when the seedlings 22 are grown, and cultivation in which two roller conveyors 17 and 17 are arranged in parallel Load the device 16 in a row. A wire 23 is movably attached to the upper side of the cultivation device 16 as shown in FIG. The upper end of the string 24 is tied to the wire 23, and the lower end is tied to the string 25 of the tomato seedling 22.

When grown in this state, the strings 25 gradually extend. If the wire 25 is moved slightly in the direction of the arrow as shown in FIG. 7 when the string 25 is extended, the string 25 is pulled. Further, as the strings 25 grow, the wires 23 are sequentially moved. Thus, when grown in a state of being pulled by the strings 25, the strings 25 can be grown long, and the yield of tomatoes can be increased.

In the above description, the case of using the rectangular cylindrical pot 6 has been described, but the cylindrical pot 6 may be used. In this case, the square hole 11 of the pot holder 7 uses a round hole. Moreover, although the case where a tomato is grown in a greenhouse in the above description has been described, it can be applied to the cultivation of a wide variety of horticultural crops such as other vegetables and flower buds. Moreover, in the said description, although the case where the raising nursery 2 and the cultivation room 3 were installed in the same greenhouse 1, was demonstrated, you may provide in another greenhouse 1. FIG.

1 greenhouse
2 nursery nursery
3 cultivation room
5 medium
6 pots
7 pot holder
8 buttocks
9 slits
11 square holes
12 anti-overlapping projections
14 strawberry seedlings
16 cultivation equipment
17 Roller Conveyor
19 strawberries
20 liquid fertilizer supply hose
22 tomato seedlings
23 wires
24 strings
25 strings

Claims (4)

In the nursery that has been set up in the greenhouse, raise the seedlings of horticultural crops in the pot containing the culture medium,
State that the end in the vertically upward direction of the pot is supported by the pot holder by removably inserting the pot in the hole of the pot holder in which the pot in which the raised seedlings are stored is removably installed. And sequentially supplying the conveyor installed in the greenhouse from one end side to the other end side of the conveyor,
In the pot supplied to the conveyor, the horticultural crop is grown and the grown horticultural crop is harvested;
The pot from which the horticultural crop has been harvested is removed from the pot holder, and the pot containing the seedlings newly grown in the nursery is inserted into the hole of the pot holder, thereby The greenhouse cultivation method of horticultural crops characterized by using the said pot holder for supply to the said conveyor.   The present invention is characterized in that the horticultural crop is removed from the pot in which the horticultural crop is harvested, and the raising of the seedlings of the horticultural crop is newly started in the raising nursery with the pot from which the horticultural crop is removed. A greenhouse cultivation method of a horticultural crop according to Item 1.   The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pot holder has side walls extending along the vertical direction at both ends in the direction along the conveyor. Two conveyors installed parallel to each other in the greenhouse,
A plurality of pot holders disposed on the two conveyors;
Equipped with
The pot holder is
It has a flat plate shape and has a pair of supported portions supported by the two conveyors, and is raised and raised by a nursery seedling installed in the greenhouse between the pair of supported portions. A flat plate portion having a hole for removably inserting a pot containing stored seedlings;
In a state where the pair of supported portions is supported by the two conveyors, vertical directions from the flat plate portion at both end portions in a direction along the two conveyors between the pair of supported portions A plurality of protrusions protruding at the
Culture apparatus of horticultural crops, characterized in that it comprises a.