JP6458246B2 - Vine plant cultivation apparatus and vine plant cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vine plant cultivation apparatus and a vine plant cultivation method for cultivating vine plants such as melon.

  In recent years, plant factories that perform agriculture such as vegetable cultivation in an industrial form have been operated on a practical scale. In plant factories, plants such as sugar beets and fruits can be grown efficiently in an environment set to suitable cultivation conditions, such as atmospheric conditions such as temperature and humidity, and cultivation light for photosynthesis. It is desired to expand the range of target plants. As a kind of plants that are desired to be cultivated in a plant factory, there are vine fruit vegetables such as melon. Such vine plants are generally cultivated by outdoor planting, and a cultivation method for efficiently growing vine fruit vegetables by outdoor planting is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). .

  In the example shown in Patent Document 1, in the method for cultivating melon using a support net shelf, the support net shelf has a stitch that is large enough to allow the melon fruit to hang down in the early stage, and the weight of the melon fruit in the harvest period is A vine grown from a melon seedling is allowed to grow on a support net shelf that can be supported. A structure is described in which the support net shelf is lifted according to the growth of the vines by the lifting string tied to the center in the width direction at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the fruited melon fruit is hung downward to grow. Moreover, in the example shown in patent document 2, in the method of cultivating pumpkins in the air without letting the foliage sprinkle on the ground, metal pipes bent into an arch shape are planted on the ground in parallel at predetermined intervals. An example is described in which pumpkin stems and leaves are made to spread over a net covered with a pipe made of steel.

JP-B-2-21778 Japanese Patent No. 2509148

  However, the prior art including the prior art shown in the above-mentioned patent document examples has the following problems because it is a method of growing vine fruit vegetables by outdoor cultivation using sunlight as cultivation light. It was. First of all, it is an open field cultivation, and it is necessary to irradiate all the foliage uniformly. Therefore, the foliage cannot be grown in a state where the foliage is arranged in a plurality of stages. For this reason, it is difficult to improve the area productivity by requiring a large cultivation area, and much manpower is required for the care of the foliage during the cultivation process. As described above, in the prior art, it is difficult to efficiently cultivate vines with high productivity, and it has been desired to establish a new cultivation technique that enables cultivation in a plant factory.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the vine plant cultivation apparatus and the vine plant cultivation method which can perform cultivation of a vine plant efficiently and with high productivity in a plant factory.

The vine plant cultivating apparatus of the present invention is a vine plant cultivating apparatus for cultivating vines, and includes a cultivated floor, and a vine support part that supports and supports the vines of vine plants that grow from the cultivated floor. Illuminating the leaves growing from the vine supported by the vine support part, and the vine support part and the illumination are alternately stacked in the vertical direction, and the vine on the upper side is further arranged. A fruit receiving member for supporting a fruit suspended from the upper vine support portion is provided between the support portion and the lower side illumination, and the fruit receiving member is a frame in which the lower side illumination is arranged on the lower surface. Placed .

The vine plant cultivating apparatus of the present invention is a vine plant cultivating apparatus for cultivating vines, comprising a cultivation floor and a rack having a plurality of raising and lowering shelves on the upper and lower sides. A vine support part that supports and supports the vines grown from the vine, and illumination that emits light to the leaves that grow from the vines supported by the vine support part, and further supports the vines A fruit receiving member that supports the fruit hanging from the portion, the illumination is arranged on a lower surface of a frame constituting the growing shelf, and the fruit receiving member is placed on a frame having the illumination arranged on the lower surface .

The vine plant cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vine support part that supports and supports a vine of a vine plant grown from a cultivation floor, and illumination arranged above the vine support part, the vine support part And a method for cultivating a vine by using a vine plant cultivation apparatus in which the lighting is alternately stacked in the vertical direction, wherein the vine is supported by the vine support part and grows from the vine. The leaves are irradiated with light from the illumination to promote photosynthesis and suspended from the upper vine support by a fruit receiving member provided between the upper vine support and the lower illumination. A fruit receiving member is supported, and the fruit receiving member is placed on a frame having the lower side illumination arranged on the lower surface .

The vine plant cultivation method of the present invention includes a growth shelf provided with a vine support portion that supports and supports a vine of a vine plant grown from a cultivation floor, and lighting arranged above the vine support portion. , A vine plant cultivation method for cultivating vine plants using a rack in which a plurality of the growth shelves are arranged above and below, and supporting the vines by the vine support part in one of the growth racks; The leaves growing from the vines are irradiated with light from the lighting to promote photosynthesis, the racks are arranged in parallel on both sides of the cultivation floor, and a plurality of vine plants planted on the cultivation floor are The vines are grown on the vine support portions of the growth shelves provided on the racks on both sides .

  According to the present invention, vine plants can be cultivated efficiently and with high productivity in a plant factory.

The perspective view which shows the cultivation state of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of 1st Example in one embodiment of this invention The perspective view which shows the no cultivation state of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of 1st Example in one embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the vine plant cultivation apparatus of 1st Example in one embodiment of this invention The front view which shows the vine plant cultivation apparatus of 2nd Example in one embodiment of this invention

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the whole structure of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 of the 1st Example in this Embodiment is demonstrated. The vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 has a function of cultivating vine plants such as melons, and is used by being arranged in a plant factory. The vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 has a configuration including a rack 2 having a plurality of (three in this case) growing shelves 3 arranged vertically.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the growing shelf 3 is arranged in a horizontal direction, a frame 2a that is framed in a rectangular shape in plan view, and an illumination 5 that is arranged in the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the frame 2a, It is comprised from the vine support part 6 arrange | positioned transversely at predetermined intervals between the frames 2a below the frames 2a. The frame 2a of the growth shelf 3 at each stage has four corners connected and held by posts 2b to form a rack 2 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. A caster 2c is attached to the lower end of the post 2b, and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 can be freely moved on the floor in the plant factory.

  The cultivating shelf 3 at each stage includes a cultivating floor 4 that is suspended and held from an end on one side. As shown in FIG. 1, a vine plant 10 to be cultivated is planted on the cultivation floor 4, and a vine 10 a (see FIG. 3) of the vine plant 10 is an upper surface of a net-like vine support portion 6. It grows horizontally in a shape that crawls. That is, the vine support unit 6 supports and supports the vine 10a of the vine plant 10 that grows from the cultivation floor 4. In the process of growing the vine plant 10, the cultivation light is irradiated by the illumination 5 arranged above the vine support portion 6. That is, the illumination 5 irradiates light on the leaf 11 growing from the vine 10a supported by the vine support portion 6. FIG. 2 shows the structure of the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 in a non-cultivated state in which the vine plant 10 to be cultivated is deleted from FIG.

  In the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, since the cultivating shelf 3 has a plurality of upper and lower stages, the vine support section 6 and the illumination 5 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction. In addition, the vine support 6 is arranged horizontally. In addition, the size of the stitches of the vine support portion 6 is set to a size that allows the fruit 12 in the early stage of fruiting after flowering to hang down through the stitches.

  FIG. 1 shows the fruiting period in which the fruit 12 in the juvenile stage hangs down from the vine support section 6 on the upper two cultivating shelves 3 and hangs from the vine support section 6 in the bottom cultivating shelf 3. The fruit 12 * is supported by a tray-shaped fruit receiving member 13 placed on the frame 2a.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which the fruit receiving member 13 is placed on the lowermost frame 2a in order to support the fruit 12 * suspended from the vine support portion 6 of the lowermost growing shelf 3. The fruit receiving member 13 for supporting the fruit 12 * suspended from the vine support portion 6 of the growing shelf 3 is placed on the framework 2a in which the illumination 5 is arranged on the lower surface.

  In this case, the fruit receiving member 13 is located between the vine support portion 6 of the upper-stage growth shelf 3 and the illumination 5 of the lower-stage growth shelf 3. That is, the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 is provided with a fruit receiving member 13 that supports the fruit 12 * suspended from the vine support portion 6 between the vine support portion 6 and the illumination 5.

  By using the fruit receiving member 13 having a light-reflective reflecting surface 13a (see FIG. 3), light reflected from the illumination 5 and transmitted through the vine support portion 6 downward is reflected by the reflecting surface 13a. The fruit 12 reflected upward can be irradiated to the fruit 12 supported by the vine support 6. In this case, the upper surface of the fruit receiving member 13 is a reflecting surface 13a that reflects light from the illumination 5 toward the vine support portion 6 side.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, in each stage of the growing shelf 3, a reflecting member 7 having a reflecting surface 7 a that reflects light from the illumination 5 upward may be provided on the upper surface of the frame 2 a. That is, in this case, the reflection member 7 that reflects the light from the illumination 5 toward the vine support portion 6 is provided below the vine support portion 6.

  Thus, by using the upper surface of the fruit receiving member 13 as the reflecting surface 13a and by providing the reflecting member 7 having the reflecting surface 7a on the frame 2a, the light from the illumination 5 is supported by the vine support portion 6. The leaf 11 and the fruit 12 can be effectively irradiated to improve the cultivation efficiency.

  With reference to FIG. 3, the mutual positional relationship of the illumination 5, the vine support part 6, the reflection member 7, and the fruit receiving member 13 in the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 is demonstrated. In FIG. 3, the first height H1 is the distance from the illumination 5 to the vine support portion 6 immediately below it, and the second height H2 is the height from the vine support portion 6 to the reflection member 7 immediately below it. That's it. The third height H3 is the height from the vine support portion 6 to the illumination 5 immediately below it, and the fourth height H4 is the height from the vine support portion 6 to the fruit receiving member 13 directly below it. That's it.

  In the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 shown in the present embodiment, the height distance indicated by the first height H1 is the second height H2, the third height H3, and the fourth height H4. The dimensions of each part are set so as to be shorter than any height distance shown. Thereby, it is possible to ensure as much as possible the amount of light directly irradiated from the illumination 5 to the leaves 11.

  FIG. 4 shows a vine plant cultivation apparatus 1A according to the second example of the present embodiment. The vine plant cultivating apparatus 1A is arranged in parallel on both sides of the cultivated floor 40 with racks 2A having a structure in which the cultivated floor 4 is removed from the rack 2 having the same structure as the rack 2 in the vine plant cultivating apparatus 1 shown in FIG. It has become the composition. The cultivation floor 40 has a large size and is capable of planting a plurality of vines 10.

  The vine plant 10 planted on the cultivation floor 40 grows with each vine 10a placed on the vine support portion 6 of the growth shelf 3 provided on the rack 2A on both sides. At this time, the illumination 5 provided on the growing shelf 3 irradiates the leaves 11 grown from the vines 10a supported by the vine support portions 6 with light.

  And the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 illustrated in the present embodiment, the vine plant cultivation apparatus exemplified by the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1A, that is, the vines 10a of the vine plants 10 grown from the cultivation beds 4 and 40 are put together. A vine plant using racks 2, 2 </ b> A provided with a growing shelf 3 provided with a supporting vine supporting part 6 and a lighting 5 arranged above the vine supporting part 6, and a plurality of the growing shelves 3 arranged vertically. In the vine plant cultivation method in which the vine plant 10 is cultivated by the cultivation device, the vine 10a is supported by the vine support portion 6 in one growth shelf 3, and the leaves 11 growing from the vine 10a are also illuminated from the illumination 5 Light synthesis is used to promote photosynthesis.

  At this time, the growing shelf 3 is horizontal, and the vine 10a is grown in the horizontal direction along the vine support portion 6 of the growing shelf 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a reflection member 7 that reflects light from the illumination 5 toward the vine support portion 6 is provided below the vine support portion 6, and the light reflected by the reflection member 7 is suspended from the vine support portion 6. The fruit 12 is irradiated.

  In the examples shown in the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1 and the vine plant cultivation apparatus 1A described above, the rack 2 having a plurality of up and down growth shelves 3 each including the illumination 5 and the vine support section 6; Although 2A is used, the rack structure is not indispensable in the practice of the present invention, and it is sufficient that the vine support portions 6 and the illumination 5 are simply stacked alternately in the vertical direction. Also in this form, the mutual positional relationship of the illumination 5, the vine support part 6, the reflection member 7, and the fruit receiving member 13 shown in FIG. 3 is applied.

  As described above, the vine grown from the vine plant cultivation device in a form in which the vine support portions 6 and the lighting 5 are simply stacked alternately in the vertical direction without having the rack structure, that is, the vine grown from the cultivation beds 4 and 40. The vine support part 6 which supports the vine 10a of the sexual plant 10 in a row and the illumination 5 arranged above the vine support part 6 are arranged, and the vine support part 6 and the illumination 5 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction. In the vine plant cultivation method in which the vine plant 10 is cultivated by the vine plant cultivation apparatus, the vine 10a is supported by the vine support section 6, and the light 11 from the illumination 5 is irradiated to the leaves 11 growing from the vine 10a. To promote photosynthesis.

  At this time, the vine support portion 6 is horizontal, and the vine 10a is grown in the horizontal direction along the vine support portion 6. As in the example shown in FIG. 3, a reflection member 7 that reflects light from the illumination 5 toward the vine support unit 6 is provided below the vine support unit 6, and the light reflected by the reflection member 7 is transmitted from the vine support unit 6. The hanging fruit 12 is irradiated.

  As described above, in the vine plant cultivation shown in the present embodiment, the cultivation floor 4, the vine support portion 6 that supports the vine 10 a of the vine plant 10 that grows from the cultivation floor 4, and the vine support. A vegetative plant cultivation apparatus having a configuration in which illumination 5 for irradiating light on leaves 11 growing from vine 10a supported by unit 6 is provided, and vine support unit 6 and illumination 5 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction 1 is used to support the vine 10a by the vine support section 6, and to irradiate the light 11 from the illumination 5 to the leaves 11 growing from the vine 10a to promote photosynthesis. As a result, it is possible to cultivate a vine plant that has conventionally been difficult to improve production efficiency by requiring a lot of manpower in outdoor cultivation, and can be efficiently performed with high productivity in a plant factory.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The vine plant cultivation apparatus and the vine plant cultivation method of the present invention have an effect that cultivation of vine plants can be performed efficiently and with high productivity in a plant factory, and vine plants such as melons are cultivated. Useful in the field of target plant factories.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1A Vine plant cultivation apparatus 2 Rack 2a Frame 3 Growing shelf 4 Cultivation floor 5 Lighting 6 Vine support part 7 Reflective member 10 Vine plant 10a Vine 11 Leaf 12 Fruit (young stage)
12 * Fruit (fruiting period)
13 Fruit receiving member 13a Reflecting surface

Claims (18)

A vine plant cultivation device for cultivating vine plants,
A cultivated floor, a vine support part that supports and supports a vine of a vine plant that grows from the cultivated floor, and an illumination that irradiates light on the leaves that grow from the vine supported by the vine support part. Prepared,
The vine support part and the illumination are alternately stacked in the vertical direction ,
Furthermore, a fruit receiving member for supporting a fruit suspended from the vine support part on the upper stage side between the vine support part on the upper stage side and the illumination on the lower stage side,
The vine plant cultivation apparatus, wherein the fruit receiving member is placed on a frame having the lower side illumination arranged on the lower surface .   Furthermore, the vine plant cultivation apparatus of Claim 1 with which the said vine support part is arrange | positioned horizontally. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cultivation floor is held by being suspended from an end on one side . Furthermore, the vine plant cultivation apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 3 with which the upper surface of the said fruit receiving member becomes a reflective surface which reflects the light from the said illumination to the said vine support part side. Furthermore, the vine plant cultivation apparatus in any one of Claim 1 to 4 provided with the reflection member which reflects the light from the said illumination to the said vine support part side under the said vine support part. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 5 , wherein a distance from the illumination to the vine support part immediately below the vine support part is shorter than a distance from the vine support part to the illumination or fruit receiving member or the reflection member directly below the vine support part. A vine plant cultivation device for cultivating vine plants,
It has a cultivation floor and a rack having a plurality of raising shelves above and below,
On the growing shelf,
A vine support part for supporting the vines of the vine plant grown from the cultivation floor by supporting the vines;
Providing illumination for irradiating light on the leaves growing from the vine supported by the vine support section ;
Furthermore, a fruit receiving member for supporting the fruit hanging from the vine support part,
The vine plant cultivating apparatus , wherein the illumination is arranged on a lower surface of a skeleton constituting the growing shelf, and the fruit receiving member is placed on a skeleton having the illumination arranged on a lower surface .   The vine plant cultivation device according to claim 7, wherein the cultivation shelf is disposed horizontally. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the cultivation floor is held by being suspended from an end on one side . Furthermore, the vine plant cultivation apparatus in any one of Claim 7 to 9 with which the upper surface of a fruit receiving member becomes a reflective surface which reflects the light from the said illumination to the said vine support part side. Furthermore, the vine plant cultivation apparatus in any one of Claim 7 to 10 provided with the reflection member which reflects the light from the said illumination to the said vine support part side below the said vine support part. The vine plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein a distance from the illumination to the vine support part immediately below the vine support part is shorter than a distance from the vine support part to the illumination or fruit receiving member or the reflection member directly below the vine support part. A vine support part that supports and supports a vine of a vine plant grown from a cultivation floor, and an illumination arranged above the vine support part, the vine support part and the illumination are alternately stacked in the vertical direction. A vine plant cultivation method for cultivating a vine with a vine plant cultivation apparatus arranged,
Supporting the vine by the vine support part, and promoting the photosynthesis by irradiating light from the illumination to the leaves growing from the vine ,
Supporting a fruit suspended from the vine support part on the upper stage side by a fruit receiving member provided between the vine support part on the upper stage side and the illumination on the lower stage side ,
The vine plant cultivation method, wherein the fruit receiving member is placed on a frame having the lower side illumination arranged on the lower surface .   The method for cultivating a vine according to claim 13, wherein the vine support part is horizontal, and the vine grows in a horizontal direction along the vine support part.   A reflection member that reflects light from the illumination to the side of the vine support portion below the vine support portion, and irradiates the fruit reflected from the vine support portion to the fruit hanging from the vine support portion. 14. The vine plant cultivation method according to 14. It has a growth shelf provided with a vine support part that supports the vine of the vine that has grown from the cultivation floor, and a lighting arranged above the vine support part, and a plurality of the growth shelves are arranged above and below A vine plant cultivation method using a rack to cultivate vine plants,
In one said growth shelf, while supporting the said vine by the said vine support part, irradiating the light which grew from the vine with the light from the said illumination, and promoting photosynthesis ,
The racks are arranged in parallel on both sides of the cultivation floor, and a plurality of vine plants planted on the cultivation floor are the vine support portions of the growth shelf provided with the respective vines on the racks on both sides. A method of cultivating vines that grows on the ground.   The method for cultivating a vine plant according to claim 16, wherein the growing shelf is horizontal, and the vine is grown in a horizontal direction along the vine support part of the growing shelf. A reflective member for reflecting light from said illumination below the vine supporting section to the temple support part side, is irradiated with light reflected by the reflective member to the hanging down fruit from the vine support unit, according to claim 16 or The vine plant cultivation method according to 17 ,

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