JP2630518B2 - Sorting and cultivation of fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating fruits and vegetables (fruits) for harvesting fruits of Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, greenhouse cultivation of fruits (vegetables such as eggplants, cucumbers, and makuwauri) whose fruits are edible and fruits (fruits) has been actively performed. In such greenhouse cultivation, as in the open-field cultivation, a method of directly sowing in a field or planting a seedling is also performed. On the other hand, a method using a cultivation bed (cultivation floor) is also employed. When growing fruits and vegetables by a method using a cultivation bed,
The seedlings are transplanted to a cultivation bed placed on the ground, and the seedlings are grown upward, and are harvested after being set in a plurality of flower clusters in order to obtain as high a yield as possible. For example, in the case of tomatoes, it is common practice to cultivate and harvest up to 5 or 6 flower bunches.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned greenhouse cultivation, the cultivation area is inevitably limited as compared with the open-field cultivation. Cultivation has to be done by narrowing the distance between each other. However, since the fruits of the same kind of plants naturally bear fruit at the same height from the root, if the intervals are too narrow, the fruits of the adjacent plants come into contact with each other during growth. In such a case, the leaves of the plants cross each other and the daylight deteriorates, and the fruits do not grow. May be scratched.

[0004] In addition, fruits generally have the highest quality of low-nodal fruits and the amount of harvest is large, but the fruits set in the upper stage are often reduced in quality and the amount of harvest is also reduced. For this reason, when fruiting in multi-stage flower clusters as in the past,
There is a problem that not only does the quality vary as a whole, but also that the expected yield cannot be obtained. Taking tomatoes as an example, the quality of the fruits that have set fruit in four or more flower clusters,
In reality, the yield is greatly influenced by cultivation techniques. Therefore, among vegetable growers, there is a strong demand for the development of a technique capable of increasing the yield without reducing the quality.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a method for sorting and cultivating fruits and vegetables in which a larger amount of fruits can be substantially harvested by a simple method without lowering the quality. And

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a method for distributing and cultivating fruits and vegetables in a cultivation method in which fruits and vegetables of a plurality of strains are serially planted and grown in series in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed. Supported at a predetermined height, the fruits of fruits and vegetables adjacent to every other plant are planted in rows on the cultivation bed at intervals where the fruits do not contact each other, and then every other plant of the fruits and vegetables is planted. It is grown in a state of being suspended downward, remaining
It is characterized in that the strain is grown upward .

In the cultivation method of the present invention, first, one cultivation bed is held at a predetermined height from a base surface. Cultivation beds for planting fruits and vegetables used in the present invention are known in the art. For example, in a suitable cultivation container such as a wooden or plastic box or a plastic sheet, soil, a soil substitute such as rock wool or a nutrient In which a medium such as water in which is dissolved. The base surface is the ground or floor on which the cultivation bed is installed.

As a method of holding the cultivation bed at a predetermined height, a method of attaching legs to the cultivation bed or a method of suspending the cultivation bed from a ceiling or the like can be applied. The height in this case, as described later, depends on the type and fruiting site of the fruits and vegetables to be cultivated, so that the fruits of the fruits and vegetables grown downward do not contact the base surface. It is determined as appropriate. Note that the height of the cultivation bed does not need to be adjusted in advance, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the degree of growth of fruits and vegetables.

Next, a plurality of fruits and vegetables are lined on the cultivation bed at intervals such that adjacent fruits do not contact each other. This means that, for example, when ten fruits and vegetables are planted, the minimum distance between the fruits of the odd (or even) number of fruits and vegetables from one end is such that the fruits do not come into contact with each other in the growth process and hinder the growth of each other. That is. Of course, if the planting interval is set to be large, the growth of fruit and vegetables will not be inhibited, but the object of the present invention cannot be achieved in that case, and the planting interval should be set as long as the growth of the fruit is not inhibited as described above. Need to be smaller. Such a planting interval is appropriately determined according to the type of fruit and vegetable to be cultivated. For example, the planting interval can be set to about half of the conventional planting interval between adjacent fruit and vegetables.

Next, a plurality of fruit plant strains planted as described above are grown in such a manner that every other fruit and vegetable plant is hung downward. That is, according to the above example, the odd-numbered (or even-numbered) fruits and vegetables from one end are grown downward, and the even-numbered (or odd-numbered) fruits and vegetables from one end are grown upward. Fruits and vegetables often bend naturally downward due to their weight when fruiting, so when growing upwards, they are grown while being guided by appropriate attracting means such as support rods as necessary. On the other hand, when the fruits and vegetables are grown downward, the fruits and vegetables may be left as it is, but if necessary, the fruits and vegetables are grown downward (that is, toward the basal surface) by appropriate means such as a string. You can also. In addition, the time of growing downward in this way is appropriately determined according to the type of fruit vegetables to be cultivated.

Examples of fruits and vegetables to which the sorting and cultivation method of the present invention can be applied include solanaceous plants such as tomatoes and eggplants, and cucumber plants such as melons, macaw cucumber, and cucumber. It can be widely applied to fruits and vegetables cultivated for the purpose of obtaining fruits.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the distributed cultivation method of the present invention. 10 is a cultivation bed, 12 is a cultivation container,
14 is a culture medium, 16 is a leg, 18 is a means for inducing tomato, 30
And 32 are harvestable tomatoes.

First, a total of ten tomato seedlings were planted from a nursery in a culture medium 14 in a cultivation container 12 and grown. The spacing between adjacent tomato seedlings at the time of planting was 10 cm. The bottom of the cultivation container 12 is 1
The height was adjusted by the legs 16 so that the height became m. Next, at the stage when the tomato seedlings grew to about 40 cm, every other seedling was further grown while the middle of the seedlings was lightly fixed to the end face 17 of the side plate 15. The remaining seedlings are attracting means 1
Grow upwards, guided by 8. The side plate 15
The thickness of the tomato was slightly increased so that the stem of the tomato grown downward did not bend at an acute angle.

In this way, the growth is continued, and finally, both the tomato 30 grown upward and the tomato 32 grown downward are ripened to the three-stage inflorescence, and then matured in order from the lower nodule. The fruits were harvested.

On the other hand, for comparison, the same cultivation bed was used, and 10 tomato seedlings were planted at the same intervals as in the example (Comparative Example 1), and 5 tomato seedlings at twice the interval of the example. Were prepared (Comparative Example 2), and all of them grew all seedlings upward. And in each case, 6
After fruiting to the terraced flower cluster, ripe fruits were harvested in order from the lower node. In each case, it took about twice as long as the working example before the harvest was completed.

In the case of the method of Example and Comparative Example 2, the fruits of adjacent tomatoes grew healthy without contacting each other. However, in the case of the method of Comparative Example 1,
Fruits of adjacent tomatoes already contacted each other during growth, and as a result, many fruits did not grow or were deformed. Furthermore, in the case of the method of Comparative Example 1,
Harvesting was difficult because the fruits were concentrated in a narrow space, and many were damaged by the harvesting.

The total yield of fruits obtained by the methods of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was about 90% by weight and about 45% by weight, respectively, of the total yield of Examples. Furthermore, the fruit obtained by the method of Example had a small variation in quality (appearance, taste, etc.), but the fruit obtained by the method of Comparative Example 1 already had large variation in quality from low nodal points. The tomato fruit obtained by the method of Example 2 also showed a large variation in the quality of the fruit above the four-stage inflorescence.

[0018]

According to the method of the present invention,
Even if the cultivation number of fruits and vegetables per fixed cultivation bed is larger than before (that is, even if the planting interval of fruits and vegetables is smaller than before), adjacent fruits will not contact each other, and poor growth will occur. Does not occur. For this reason, the cultivation number of fruits and vegetables in a cultivation bed of a fixed area is doubled (ie,
If the planting interval of fruits and vegetables is reduced by half, for example,
The fruit that had been fruited and harvested up to the terraced flower cluster could be harvested at least to the same amount by harvesting and harvesting it to the three-stage flower garden. In other words, the fruit of the present invention can be harvested for the second time during the fruiting and harvesting up to six-stage flower clusters by the conventional method. Furthermore, harvesting only the fruits up to the third-stage flower cluster is very useful, especially in tomato cultivation.

Further, the distributed cultivation method of the present invention only requires a means for adjusting the position of the cultivation bed to an appropriate height, and the required cultivation area and cultivation space are the same as those of the conventional method. It can be applied as it is in a greenhouse or the like.

As described above, according to the distributed cultivation method of the present invention, in the same period, in the same cultivation area and cultivation space, less defective products and more uniform quality are obtained as compared with the case where the conventional method is applied. Fruit can be harvested at least twice as much or more. Therefore, the substantial yield can be greatly increased, and as a result, the manufacturing cost can also be reduced, so that it can be provided to consumers at a lower price.

[Brief description of the drawings]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining a sorting cultivation method of fruits and vegetables.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cultivation bed 12 Cultivation container 14 Medium 16 Leg 18 Attraction means

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cultivation method in which a plurality of plants and vegetables are serially planted and grown in series in a longitudinal direction of a cultivation bed, wherein the cultivation bed is supported at a predetermined height from a base surface, and fruit and vegetables adjacent to every other plant are provided. Are planted in a cultivation bed at intervals where the fruits of the fruits do not come into contact with each other, and thereafter, the fruit plants are grown in a state where every other plant is hung downward, and the remaining fruits are grown.
And growing the strains upward .