CN114451232A

CN114451232A - Tomato inverted-vertical planting method and tomato substrate planting table

Info

Publication number: CN114451232A
Application number: CN202210106201.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯锡鸿; 冯汝龙
Original assignee: Ningxia Zhongqing Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningxia Zhongqing Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-28
Filing date: 2022-01-28
Publication date: 2022-05-10

Abstract

A method for planting tomatoes in an inverted vertical mode includes planting tomatoes on a substrate, enabling the tomatoes to grow in the direction opposite to gravity, enabling the tomatoes to grow in the direction same as the gravity, enabling the top space of a greenhouse planting space to be fully utilized by the aid of the inverted vertical type growing mode, and improving utilization rate of the planting space. The growth direction of the tomatoes is easier to control, and the illumination is controllable. The tomato does not need to be hung in a mantle in the growth process, and the planting cost is reduced. The inverted vertical growth mode can also prevent damage and loss caused by splitting or splitting the fruit stalks off due to the fact that the tomatoes are large, and the tomato substrate planting table is further provided.

Description

Tomato inverted-vertical planting method and tomato substrate planting table

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of multi-level and three-dimensional agricultural planting, in particular to an inverted vertical type tomato planting method and a tomato matrix planting platform.

Background

With the decrease of the cultivated land area, modern agriculture adopts a plurality of methods to save land space, wherein one method is to establish a multi-level and three-dimensional planting system.

The Ningxia Zhongqing agricultural technology company utilizes a glass greenhouse and a sunlight greenhouse to implement the three-dimensional planting of tomatoes, adopts a low-pole high-density pruning planting mode, and breaks through the traditional concept that the planting density of the tomatoes is approximately 2000 plants/mu. The innovation mode of 'four harvests' of tomatoes is successfully realized in northwest region.

The traditional planting mode of the solar greenhouse in China is soil planting, 2 crops are planted every year, the planting density of each crop is about 2000 plants/mu, 6-7 spikes are left for each plant, the innovative mode of four-harvest planting is matrix planting, 4 crops are planted every year, about 4000 plants are planted every mu, 3-4 spikes are left for each plant, and the yield, the quality and the economic benefit of the tomatoes can be greatly improved.

However, due to the planting mode of low-pole high-density pruning, the growth height of the tomatoes is reduced by 50%, so that the upper half part of the planting space of the greenhouse facility cannot be fully utilized, and great waste of photo-thermal resources is caused, and therefore, the utilization rate of the planting space of the technology still needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, there is a need for an inverted vertical planting method for tomatoes, which can improve the utilization rate of planting space.

It is also necessary to provide a tomato substrate planting platform.

A method for planting tomatoes in an inverted vertical mode includes planting tomatoes on a substrate, keeping the tomatoes growing in a direction opposite to gravity, and keeping the tomatoes growing in the same direction as gravity.

Preferably, the tomatoes are kept growing to a predetermined upward height against the direction of gravity.

Preferably, the predetermined upward height is 1.2m or less.

Preferably, the tomatoes are kept growing to a predetermined downward height in the same direction as gravity.

Preferably, the predetermined downward height is 1.3-1.7 m.

Preferably, the planting density of tomatoes per unit area is increased.

Preferably, the planting density is 3000-3600 plants/mu.

A tomato substrate planting table for implementing an inverted-hanging type planting method of tomatoes comprises at least one inverted-planting unit, wherein the inverted-planting unit comprises a supporting table and fixing pieces, the supporting table is at a preset design height from the ground, and the fixing pieces are arranged on the edges of two sides of the upper surface of the supporting table.

Preferably, the seed falling units are at least two, the two seed falling units are arranged at intervals along the gravity direction, and the distance between every two adjacent seed falling units is a preset design height.

Preferably, the tomato substrate planting table further comprises a planting unit, the planting unit is arranged on the ground, the planting unit is arranged below the seed pouring unit, and the distance between the planting unit and the seed pouring unit is a preset design height.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the top space of the greenhouse planting space can be fully utilized by adopting the inverted vertical growth mode, and the utilization rate of the planting space is improved. The growth direction of the tomatoes is easier to control, and the illumination is controllable. The tomato does not need to be hung in a mantle in the growth process, and the planting cost is reduced. The inverted vertical growth mode can also prevent the damage and loss caused by splitting or splitting the fruit stem because the tomato is large.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a first embodiment of the tomato substrate planting station.

Fig. 2 is an isometric view of a second embodiment of the tomato substrate planting station.

Fig. 3 is a partial view of a first embodiment of the seeding unit.

Fig. 4 is a partial view of a second embodiment of the seeding unit.

In the figure: the planting device comprises a seed pouring unit 10, a support table 11, a fixing piece 12, an LED lamp 13, a reflector 14, a water collecting tank 15, a matrix bag 16, a diversion trench 17 and a planting unit 20.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

The embodiment of the invention provides an inverted vertical planting method for tomatoes, which is characterized in that the tomatoes are planted on a substrate, the tomatoes are kept to grow in the direction opposite to the gravity, and then the tomatoes are kept to grow in the same direction as the gravity.

Firstly, the tomatoes are planted on the planting base, naturally and upwards grow to the preset upward height, then the tomatoes are bent manually, then the fixing part 12 is utilized, if the fixture arranged on the planting table fixes the bent positions of the tomatoes, the heads of the tomatoes are downward, then the tomatoes are kept to grow downwards, in the process of continuing to grow, due to the fact that plants are positive, the situation that local stalks grow thick, the heads of the tomatoes are bent and grow upwards again can occur, at the moment, the trend that the bent parts of the tomatoes grow thick can be controlled in advance by conventional means, and the tomatoes are kept to grow downwards.

The substrate can adopt the substrate in the invention patent 'seedling or cultivation nutrient substrate containing wood fiber and organic matter fermentation material and application' disclosed by the applicant. Or adopting soilless culture. The substrate can provide nutrients for all elements, and the growth needs of the tomatoes are guaranteed.

The plant is positive in nature, the mode that the plant grows in the direction of the counter gravity is determined under normal conditions, the planting mode of growing in the direction of the gravity is adopted, on one hand, the top end advantage of the plant can be inhibited, the natural understanding of people is not met, on the other hand, special measures are needed to be taken to control the plant to grow downwards, so that the possibility of reverse growth is not considered, and the research and development of people to the technical field are hindered. Furthermore, the planting pattern of growth in the direction of gravity is not conducive to inhibiting the growth of weeds.

Above-mentioned scheme has overcome the technical bias that traditional tomato planted, has adopted the high density planting mode that runs contrary and contrary to traditional planting mode, both for the increase of production, also for promoting the quality, restrain weeds, and more importantly adopts the formula of falling to hang growth mode, no longer controls the tomato height, very big improvement the output of tomato. Breaks through the thought that the planting density of the tomatoes is difficult to exceed 3000 plants/mu and the growth height needs to be controlled below 1.2 m.

The inverted vertical growth mode is adopted, gravity is used as an important power for conveying nutrient components, the problems that tomatoes are more than 1.2m and the power for conveying the nutrient components is insufficient in the traditional upward growth process are solved, the tomato stalks can be longer, and the single-plant yield is larger.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

Further, the tomatoes are kept growing to a predetermined upward height against the force of gravity.

The predetermined upward height may be the height of the tomato growing to the fourth fruit, typically around 1.2 m. Above this height, the tomato growth cycle is lengthened due to limited nutrient transport, and four harvests cannot be achieved.

Further, the predetermined upward height is 1.2m or less.

Further, the tomatoes are kept growing to a predetermined downward height in the same direction as gravity.

Further, the predetermined downward height is 1.3 to 1.7 m.

Further, the planting density of the tomatoes in unit area is increased, and the number of fruiting ears of each tomato plant is reduced.

Compared with the traditional planting mode, the planting density of each layer can be increased by more than 50%. The traditional planting density is about 2000 plants per mu, and 6-7 clusters of fruits per plant are planted.

Furthermore, the planting density is 3000-3600 plants/mu, and each plant has 3-4 ears.

For tomatoes with two branches, the planting density can be increased by 10%.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, there is also provided a tomato substrate planting table for implementing an inverted hanging type planting method of tomatoes, comprising at least one inverted planting unit 10, wherein the inverted planting unit 10 comprises a supporting table 11 and fixing members 12, the supporting table 11 is at a predetermined designed height from the ground, and the fixing members 12 are arranged on two side edges of the upper surface of the supporting table 11.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, there are at least two seed inverting units 10, two seed inverting units 10 are spaced apart in the gravity direction, and the distance between two adjacent seed inverting units 10 is a predetermined design height.

The tomatoes can grow in the gravity direction or against the gravity direction in the seed pouring unit 10.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, the tomato substrate planting table further comprises a planting unit 20, the planting unit 20 is disposed on the ground, the planting unit 20 is disposed below the seed pouring unit 10, and the distance between the planting unit 20 and the seed pouring unit 10 is a predetermined design height.

For the inverted seed units 10 of multi-layer design, the predetermined design height is the distance between two adjacent layers of the inverted seed units 10, and the predetermined design height is larger than the predetermined upward height or the predetermined upward height. More specifically, the predetermined design height is 1.3-1.5 m or 1.5-1.7 m, wherein the distance between the seed-pouring units 10 is preferably 1.3-1.5 m, and the distance between the seed-pouring unit 10 and the planting unit 20 is preferably 1.5-1.7 m. In the case that the tomatoes growing upwards in the planting unit 20 and the tomatoes growing downwards in the cropping unit 10 are in the same planting space, the distance between the cropping unit 10 and the planting unit 20 is preferably 2.4-3 m.

For the topmost cropping unit 10, a two-petal tomato can be planted, i.e. a tomato comprising two branches, but of course, a three-petal tomato can also be planted, i.e. a tomato comprising three branches. It is also an innovation of the applicant that two branches grow downwards from two sides of the inverted seeding unit 10.

The planting unit 20 can be the same as the inverted planting platform, and tomatoes grow in the planting unit 20 against the direction of gravity. Tomato matrix plants platform still includes a plurality of stands, is equipped with draw-in groove, lower draw-in groove respectively at the upper surface of brace table 11, lower surface to two-layer unit 10 of falling kind is the example, and the upper end card of stand goes into the lower draw-in groove of brace table 11 that is located the unit 10 of falling kind on upper portion to it is fixed with the jackscrew, and the lower extreme card of stand goes into the last draw-in groove of brace table 11 that is located the unit 10 of falling kind of lower part, and also fixes with the jackscrew. The lower end of the upright post connected with the lowest seed inverting unit 10 is placed on the ground.

Brace table 11 is the narrow long board, preferably transparent material, the matrix is evenly laid along the length direction of brace table 11, the tomato is planted on the matrix, mounting 12 sets up the both sides edge at 11 width direction of brace table, mounting 12 is a plurality of, along the length direction equipartition of making the platform, mounting 12 is used for supporting 11 relatively with the stem stalk of tomato fixed, mounting 12 can be a flexible rope, the one end and the brace table 11 of rope are connected, the other end of rope is the free end, be used for tying up the tomato stem stalk, make the tomato lodging, until growing along the direction of gravity.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, two side edges of the supporting platform 11 are further arranged to be inclined downwards.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, the reverse seeding unit 10 further includes an LED lamp 13, and the LED lamp 13 is disposed on the lower surface of the support platform 11.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, the seeding inverting unit 10 further includes a reflector 14, the reflector 14 is connected to the support platform 11, and the reflector 14 is disposed on two sides of the LED lamp 13.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the reflector 14 is further disposed at an angle of 30 ° to 45 ° with respect to the supporting base 11.

More specifically, the reflectors 14 may extend downwardly and laterally of the support base 11 in the direction shown in the drawings, and may extend in the opposite direction to that shown in the drawings and towards the middle of the support base 11, the latter being more advantageous for the tomatoes to receive light. The connection between the reflector 14 and the support 11 is as close as possible to the two side edges of the support 11.

In one embodiment, the reflector 14 is attached to the lower surface of the support stage 11 near the edge of the support stage 11.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, the slope-to-fall ratio of the upper surface of the support table 11 is 100/5.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, the seed pouring unit 10 further includes a water collecting tank 15, the water collecting tank 15 is disposed on a side of the support platform 11 with a relatively low horizontal height, and the water collecting tanks 15 are communicated with each other two by two.

Set up one row of LED lamp 13 at the lower surface of brace table 11, LED lamp 13 locates the intermediate position of brace table 11, and the reflector panel 14 that both sides set up is favorable to concentrating light to the tomato.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, a plurality of substrate bags 16 are laid on the upper surface of the support 11, and the plurality of substrate bags 16 are arranged in a line along the upper surface of the support 11.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a guide groove 17 is further formed on an upper surface of the support base 11, and the guide groove 17 is formed along a length direction of the support base 11.

More specifically, the guide grooves 17 communicate two by two. The diversion trench 17 or the water collection trench 15 is internally provided with a filter layer, and the collected water can be recycled after being filtered.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, the bottom of the diversion trench 17 is lower than the upper surface of the support platform 11.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, there are two flow guide grooves 17, and the two flow guide grooves 17 are located at two sides of the substrate bag 16.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, further, a substrate groove is formed in the upper surface of the support platform 11, the substrate groove extends along the length direction of the support platform 11, ceramsite is laid at the bottom of the substrate groove, and a substrate covers the ceramsite.

More specifically, the height of the substrate groove is 15-30 mm, and the width of the substrate groove is 25-50 mm. The drip irrigation pipe may be embedded in the support base 11.

The steps in the method of the embodiment of the invention can be sequentially adjusted, combined and deleted according to actual needs.

The modules or units in the device of the embodiment of the invention can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The inversely-drooping tomato planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: planting the tomatoes on a substrate, keeping the tomatoes growing in the direction opposite to the gravity, and keeping the tomatoes growing in the same direction as the gravity.

2. The inverted vertical tomato planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tomatoes are kept growing to a predetermined upward height against the direction of gravity.

3. The inverted vertical tomato planting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the predetermined upward height is 1.2m or less.

4. The inverted vertical planting method of tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tomatoes are kept growing to a predetermined downward height in the same direction as gravity.

5. The inverted vertical tomato planting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the predetermined downward height is 1.3-1.7 m.

6. The inverted vertical tomato planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planting density of the tomatoes in a unit area is increased.

7. The inverted vertical tomato planting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the planting density is 3000-3600 plants/mu.

8. A tomato substrate planting platform for implementing the method for planting the tomato of claim 1 in an inverted vertical manner, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises at least one seed pouring unit, wherein the seed pouring unit comprises a supporting table and fixing pieces, the supporting table is at a preset design height from the ground, and the fixing pieces are arranged on the edges of two sides of the upper surface of the supporting table.

9. The tomato substrate planting station of claim 8, wherein: the seed falling units are at least two, the two seed falling units are arranged at intervals along the gravity direction, and the distance between every two adjacent seed falling units is a preset design height.

10. The tomato substrate planting station of claim 9, wherein: the tomato substrate planting table further comprises a planting unit, the planting unit is arranged on the ground, the planting unit is arranged below the seed falling unit, and the distance between the planting unit and the seed falling unit is a preset design height.