JP2878119B2 - Strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for growing strawberries.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, strawberries are cultivated as follows. First, a field is formed by embankment or the like on the ground, and a substantially central part thereof is used as a parent stock floor, and a parent stock is planted there. From this parent strain, a runner is generated at a predetermined time, and when the runner lands on a portion (runner floor) adjacent to the left and right of the parent stock floor on the field, a child strain is generated. In addition, a runner is generated from this sub-plant and lands, and further sub-plants are generated. Thereafter, this is repeated, and the child strain grows.

[0003] When the seedlings have grown to a predetermined number, the seedlings are dug up from the runner floor to collect seedlings, and are temporarily planted on a cultivation floor or a cultivation pot filled with soil, sand, rock wool or the like. After the provisional planting, a culture solution is sprayed on the seedlings, and fertilization management is performed until a sufficient amount of roots and leaves is maintained for the living body. Thereafter, if necessary, the mixture is placed in a low-temperature, short-day environment and subjected to a night-cooling treatment to differentiate the flower buds. Then, after the differentiation of the first flower cluster, it is planted in the main field.

[0004]

In the conventional strawberry cultivation, when the sapling is propagated, the runner extends almost horizontally on the field including the parent stock floor and the runner floor and lands. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a large field area, that is, a cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings. Also,
There is a limit in securing a large cultivation area, and the number of offspring to be propagated is naturally limited. Further, it is necessary to collect seedlings for temporary planting or for performing night cooling treatment, which is troublesome. In particular, according to the conventional method, a child plant must be excavated from the runner floor with its roots settled, and transported to a temporary planting bed or to the inside of a night cooling device when performing night cooling, resulting in heavy labor. In addition, since the parent strain and the child strain grow in the same field, the soil-borne disease easily spreads between the parent strain and the child strain or between the parent strain and the child strain through the soil (underground).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reduce the cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings, to increase the cultivation amount of the seedlings per a predetermined area, and to collect seedlings. The work is also easy, the spread of infectious diseases in the underground can be suppressed, and when cooling at night, it is possible to perform night cooling as it is on the runner without collecting seedlings. The aim is to provide a possible strawberry cultivation method.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for cultivating strawberries according to the present invention according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises: planting a parent strain on a cultivation bed, generating runners one after another to form a child strain, Thereafter, in a strawberry cultivation method in which flower bud differentiation is performed by cooling at night if necessary, the cultivation floor is installed at a predetermined height from a base surface, and a runner support member is disposed above the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed. A runner is formed by growing the runner over the runner support member and growing downward.

Further, according to the method for cultivating strawberries of the present invention according to claim 2, a parent strain is planted on a cultivation bed, runners are generated one after another to form a child strain, and then, if necessary, cooled at night. In the strawberry cultivation method of performing flower bud differentiation, the cultivation floor is installed at a predetermined height from a base surface, and a runner support member is disposed above a peripheral wall of the cultivation floor,
After the runner has grown over the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed and grown downward, the tip of the runner is hooked on the runner support member before the tip of the runner touches the ground, and is grown downward again to form a seedling. It is characterized by the following.

[0008] The cultivation floor is not particularly limited as long as it has a base material and a medium such as soil, sand, rock wool or the like filled inside the base material. The base material has a predetermined length and width, the upper edge of the side wall portion of the peripheral wall is supported by a pipe or the like, and a plastic sheet stretched in a substantially U-shaped cross section or a substantially concave cross-sectional shape is used. It is possible to use a hard plastic or metal made of a rigid body. In addition, a drainage part can be provided below this base material as needed. For example, when it is made of a plastic sheet, a part of the bottom wall portion can be joined and formed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction so as to have a substantially bag shape. When formed from a rigid body, a drain port is provided at a substantially central portion of the bottom wall portion, and a drain portion having a substantially concave cross section for receiving the drain liquid passing through the drain port is provided on the back surface thereof. And can be integrally molded with the substrate.

The cultivation floor is installed in a greenhouse at a predetermined height from a base surface such as the ground. The supporting member for installation at a predetermined height includes a leg standing on the base surface, and a support plate fixed to the upper portion of the leg and capable of supporting a cultivation floor placed thereon. Can be used. Further, a means for supporting with a wire member such as a support rod or a wire which is stretched between the wives of the greenhouse may be used.

In the present invention, a runner support member is disposed above the side wall of the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed at a predetermined distance from the upper edge of the side wall. The runner support member can be composed of a plurality of pipe support members protruding from the vicinity of the upper edge of the side wall portion at predetermined intervals along the upper edge, and a pipe material spanning the plurality of pipe support members. Further, a bar-shaped member having a forked portion at the tip may be provided at a predetermined interval along the upper edge of the side wall portion.
Further, a rod-shaped member or a wire member such as a wire, which is stretched upward at a predetermined interval from the upper edge of the side wall portion between the wedge surfaces of the greenhouse, may be used as the runner support member.

In addition, it is preferable to provide a night cooling device in advance in the greenhouse in case of performing night cooling. The night cooling device is not particularly limited as long as it can perform the night cooling process in which the child plants are placed in a low-temperature, short-day environment. For example, as shown in FIG.
And a traveling body 7f capable of traveling along the rail 7e by a pulling means 7g composed of a pulley, a tow rope, and the like,
The traveling body 7f has a ceiling surface forming portion 7b and a side surface forming portion 7a.
A night cooling room 7 made of a flexible light-shielding thin film member having
The above-mentioned cultivation floor is suspended and arranged so as to be accommodated therein, and a cylindrical duct 9 made of a flexible material and connected to a cooling device 9a is suspended and arranged in the night-cooling room 7. Apparatus 6 can be used. That is, when daytime sunlight is supplied to the child plant, one end 7c of the night cooling room 7 is drawn to the other end 7d side, and the one end 7c and the other end 7d are stretched apart at night. Then, the cultivation floor is covered, and cool air is supplied from the cylindrical duct 9.

The parent plant is planted at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed with respect to the culture medium of the cultivation bed thus set. When a predetermined time (predetermined temperature, sunshine conditions, etc.) is reached, a runner is generated from the parent strain.
It extends substantially horizontally on the medium in the cultivation bed toward the side wall portion of the cultivation bed. When the runner reaches a predetermined length, the worker hooks the vicinity of the tip of the runner on the runner support member. As a result, the runner grows so as to hang down below the runner supporting member due to gravity, and the stalk (first stalk) is formed outside the side wall portion. In addition, runners generated from this first child strain also
It extends downward by gravity as it is to form a second stalk, and this is repeated to form third and fourth stalks.

Further, the runner supporting member can be used as follows. That is, first, the runner generated from the parent strain is made to climb over the upper edge of the side wall portion of the cultivation floor and grow downward as it is. Thus, for example, 3
~ 4 offspring are formed. Next, before the tip of the runner is placed on the ground, the operator lifts the tip and hooks it on the runner support member. The runner grows downward again from this support member, and further forms, for example, 3 to 4 stalks. Therefore, according to such a method, the number of child strains can be significantly improved. Also,
By using the runner support member, the runner can be prevented from coming into contact with the ground, and infection of diseases such as anthracnose from the ground can be prevented.

When the seedlings have multiplied to a predetermined number and have grown to have about two true leaves, the above-mentioned night-cooling device is operated without collecting the seedlings to perform a night-cooling treatment as necessary.
Specifically, in the daytime, the night cooling room is drawn to one end side and reduced to be in an open state so that the cultivation floor is exposed to sunlight, and assimilative production is performed for about 8 to 12 hours in day length. At night, a cold room is set up to cover the cultivation floor, the cooling device is turned on, and cool air is supplied from the tubular duct into the night cool room, whereby about 10 to 10 child plants are obtained.
A low temperature of 15 ° C. is encountered. Thereby, flower bud differentiation is promoted.

After the differentiation of the first flower cluster, the seedlings are collected and planted in the main field. At the time of this seeding, according to the present invention, since the seedlings do not land on the medium, there is no need to dig up from the medium together with the roots, simply cut the runner located in the air near the root of each seedling. Is fine.

The water supply to the seedlings can be carried out only by sprinkling water on the culture medium of the cultivation bed, and can be carried out from the parent strain via each runner. As the watering means, a watering pipe having a spray nozzle having a length longer than the width of the cultivation bed is used, and this is disposed above the cultivation bed so as to be substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed, and in the longitudinal direction. Can be moved along the cultivation floor, and both the parent and child plants on the cultivation floor can be watered. A configuration may be adopted in which a sprinkling tube for a child plant is disposed at a position slightly away from the outside so as to extend along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation bed. In addition, the sprinkling tube for the child plant may be provided below the bottom wall of the cultivation floor.

[0017] In addition, any time between the vicinity of the upper edge of the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed and the base surface, for example, from an appropriate position from the vicinity of the upper edge to the vicinity of the lower edge of the outer surface of the side wall of the cultivation bed, or the lower edge It is preferable to dispose the water-permeable sheet so as to extend toward the base surface from an appropriate position slightly below the base surface to a position slightly above the base surface. The water sprinkled on the seedlings wets the water-permeable sheet, and the roots of the seedlings formed on the runner come into contact with the water-permeable sheet, so that the seedlings easily rehydrate and promote rooting. . In addition, as a water-permeable sheet, a nonwoven fabric or a fine mesh-like sheet can be used.

Means for arranging the water-permeable sheet so as to become wider as it goes in the direction of the base surface include:
The lower edge of the water-permeable sheet may be simply fixed on the base surface by weight or the like so that the lower edge of the water-permeable sheet is located outside the side wall of the cultivation floor in a planar position, or a sheet member or a bar member for sheet support May be arranged so as to be flared. Also, when using a member having a leg as a support member of the cultivation floor,
The legs may be arranged flared to serve also as a rod member for supporting the seat.

[0019]

EXAMPLE Strawberries were cultivated using the cultivation apparatus 1 shown in FIG. The cultivation apparatus 1 has a cultivation bed 2 composed of a substrate 21 formed of aluminum as a material and having a substantially concave cross section, and a rock wool medium 22 filled in a concave portion 21a of the substrate 21.

The runner supporting member 5 is disposed obliquely upward at a predetermined distance from the upper edge of the side wall 23 of the cultivation bed 2, for example, about 10 cm apart. A plurality of pipe supporting members 5a arranged so as to project obliquely upward at predetermined intervals along the upper edge
And a pipe member 5b that is extended over the upper ends of the plurality of pipe support members 5a.

The cultivation bed 2 is supported by the support member 3 so that the height of the upper edge of the side wall portion is about 1.5 m from the ground, and the support member 3 has a width and a length on which the cultivation bed 2 can be placed. Support plate 3 having
1 and an upper portion is joined near one side end of the support plate 31, and the lower side is located below the vicinity of the other side end and in a planar position outside the vicinity of the other side end. And a second inclined portion 32b slightly inclined outward from the lower side of the first inclined portion 32a, and in the middle of the first inclined portion 31a so as to be substantially X-shaped. And a pair of legs 32 intersecting with each other. Note that the leg 3
Reference numerals 2 are disposed near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 31.

The upper end of the water-permeable sheet 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the support plate 31 near both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support plate 31.
a, and hang down so as to be flared. Note that a water sprinkling pipe is disposed on each of the two water permeable sheets 4 and 4 by means such as hanging from the ceiling of the greenhouse so that water can be sprinkled.

As the night cooling device 6, FIG.
The cultivation apparatus 1 was disposed so as to be accommodated in the night cooling room 7 using a night cooling room 7 and a tubular duct 9 as shown in FIG.

The parent plant 10 was planted at intervals of 50 cm along the longitudinal direction on the cultivation floor 2 of the cultivation apparatus 1 having such a configuration, and a runner 11 was generated. When the runner 11 reached a predetermined length, it was hooked on the pipe member 5a of the runner support member 5 and grown downward. As a result, four child strains 12 to 15 were formed. 3 from daytime
Once every hour, water was sprayed on the water-permeable sheet 4, that is, on each of the sub-plants 12 to 15. Since the roots of each of the child strains 12 to 15 were in contact with the water-permeable sheet 4, the water absorption was excellent. As a result, rooting was also promoted.

When the saplings 12 to 15 grew until about two true leaves were attached, they were subjected to the night cooling treatment as described above. The daylength was about 8 hours, the night cooling temperature was about 12 to 14 ° C., the seedlings were grown until the axillary flower clusters differentiated from the first flower cluster (about 3 weeks), and the seedlings 12 to 15 were collected.

As a comparative example, when a runner was generated in the horizontal direction, the seedlings were multiplied, seedlings were collected, provisionally planted, and the seedlings were subjected to night cooling treatment under the same conditions as in the example. Was not inferior.

Further, the cultivation bed 2 on which the parent strain 10 is planted and the child strains 12 to 12 formed on the runner extending almost vertically downward.
The flat cultivation area obtained by combining No. 15 and No. 15 was approximately １ ／ compared to the conventional case where runners were generated in the horizontal direction. In addition, since the parent strain 10 and the child strains 12 to 15 were not connected via the rock wool medium 22, the disease occurring in the rock wool medium 22 did not spread to the child strains 12 to 15 via this medium 22. .

When the cultivation floor 2 is climbed over the side wall 23 and grown downward, and then caught on the runner support member 5 before the runner comes into contact with the ground, and is grown downward again, each runner is grown. Of course, the number of offspring is about 7 to 8 and the number of offspring per unit area is of course further improved.

FIG. 2 is a view showing another embodiment of a support member for supporting the cultivation bed 2. This support member 3
Reference numeral 00 denotes a pair of legs 303 arranged in a substantially X-shape similar to the legs 32 shown in FIG.
And two side pipes 301, 301 supported by and substantially parallel to each other, and a plurality of horizontal pipes 3 bridged at predetermined intervals between the side pipes 301, 301.
02. According to this support member 300, the cultivation floor 2 is supported and disposed on the horizontal pipe 302. When the water permeable sheet 4 is provided,
As shown in FIG. 3, after the upper edge of the water-permeable sheet 4 is wound around the side pipe 301, a fitting pipe 304 having a substantially C-shaped cross section can be fitted to the side pipe 301 to be fixed.

[0030]

According to the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention, the cultivation area required for the propagation of the sapling can be made smaller than before, so that the cultivation amount of the sapling per predetermined area can be increased and the cultivation area can be increased in the underground part. Can also control the spread of infectious diseases. In particular, according to the present invention, since the runner support member is provided, a larger number of seedlings can be obtained than when the runner support member is not provided and the runner support member is simply grown over the side wall of the cultivation bed and grown downward. Propagation can be carried out, and the use of the runner support member can prevent the spread of disease caused by the grown runner coming into contact with the ground. In addition, when performing night cooling, the seedlings grown in the air can be subjected to night cooling treatment as it is, so it is necessary to perform seedling collection, temporary planting, and accompanying transport work before performing the night cooling treatment. And the work load can be reduced.
Furthermore, since the cultivation area required for the propagation of the seedlings is smaller than before, the area (space) for night cooling is also narrowed, and there are effects such as improvement in night cooling efficiency and reduction in cost associated with night cooling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a cultivation apparatus used in the strawberry cultivation method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of a support member for supporting a cultivation floor.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a state in which a water-permeable sheet is provided on the supporting member.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the night cooling device used in the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation apparatus 2 Cultivation floor 21 Base material 22 Rock wool culture medium 3 Support member 31 Support plate 32 Leg 4 Water-permeable sheet 5 Runner support member 6 Night cooling device 7 Night cooling room 9 Cylindrical duct 300 Support member 301 Side pipe 302 Side Bridge pipe 303 Leg 304 Pipe for fitting

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] The present invention relates to a strawberry cultivation method in which a parent strain is planted on a cultivation bed, runners are generated one after another to form a child strain, and then, if necessary, subjected to night cooling treatment to perform flower bud differentiation. The floor is installed at a predetermined height from the base surface, and a runner support member is disposed above the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor, and the runner is caused to grow over the runner support member and grow downward to form a seedling. Strawberry cultivation method. 2. A strawberry cultivation method comprising: planting a parent strain on a cultivation bed, successively generating runners to form a child strain, and then subjecting the strawberry to cooling at night if necessary to perform flower bud differentiation. The floor is installed at a predetermined height from the base surface, and a runner support member is disposed above the peripheral wall of the cultivation bed, and the runner is allowed to grow over the peripheral wall of the cultivation floor and grow downward. Cultivating a strawberry by hooking a tip of the runner on a runner support member before the ground touches the ground, and growing it downward again to form a child plant.