JPH05133494A - ポリオレフインパイプを結合する方法及びカプラ - Google Patents

ポリオレフインパイプを結合する方法及びカプラ

Info

Publication number
JPH05133494A
JPH05133494A JP4103302A JP10330292A JPH05133494A JP H05133494 A JPH05133494 A JP H05133494A JP 4103302 A JP4103302 A JP 4103302A JP 10330292 A JP10330292 A JP 10330292A JP H05133494 A JPH05133494 A JP H05133494A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
coupler
pipes
heating
pipe
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP4103302A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP2770643B2 (ja
Inventor
Trevor G Stafford
ジヨージ スタツフオード トレヴアー
Lindsay Ewing
エーウイング リンジー
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Gas PLC
Original Assignee
British Gas PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Gas PLC filed Critical British Gas PLC
Publication of JPH05133494A publication Critical patent/JPH05133494A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2770643B2 publication Critical patent/JP2770643B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7373—Joining soiled or oxidised materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0078—Measures or configurations for obtaining anchoring effects in the contact areas between layers
    • B29C37/0082—Mechanical anchoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/06—Making preforms having internal stresses, e.g. plastic memory
    • B29C61/0608—Making preforms having internal stresses, e.g. plastic memory characterised by the configuration or structure of the preforms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/06—Making preforms having internal stresses, e.g. plastic memory
    • B29C61/0608—Making preforms having internal stresses, e.g. plastic memory characterised by the configuration or structure of the preforms
    • B29C61/0625—Preforms comprising incorporated or associated heating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1467—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/222—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/342—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding
    • B29C65/3432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising at least a single wire, e.g. in the form of a winding comprising several wires, e.g. in the form of several independent windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/58—Snap connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/66—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/68—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined using auxiliary shrinkable elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/341—Measures for intermixing the material of the joint interlayer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52297—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising slip-off prevention means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73755—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being fully cured, i.e. fully cross-linked, fully vulcanized
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
    • B29C66/91218—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods using colour change, e.g. using separate colour indicators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
    • B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91641—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
    • F16L13/004—Shrunk pipe-joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • F16L47/03—Welded joints with an electrical resistance incorporated in the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1409—Visible light radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/38—Impulse heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91641—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91643—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile
    • B29C66/91645—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux the heat or the thermal flux being non-constant over time following a heat-time profile by steps
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    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/24—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped crosslinked or vulcanised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/24—Pipe joints or couplings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/775—Toothed articles
    • B29L2031/7754—Worms

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【目的】 本発明の目的は、例えば５００mm以上の大径
パイプの連結に使用できるカプラを提供することにあ
る。 【構成】 パイプを結合する本発明のカプラは、開端形
中空本体を有しており、該本体は、加熱前はカプラが第
１最小内径を有し、加熱後はカプラが前記第１最小内径
よりも小さい第２最小内径を有するように半径方向に膨
張される非導電性の架橋ポリオレフィン材料からなるこ
とを特徴とする。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ポリオレフィンパイプ
を結合するためのポリオレフィンカプラ、及びポリオレ
フィンパイプを結合する方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】既知のカプラ（連結具）は、直径３５５
mmまでのパイプを結合するのに広く用いられている。こ
れらのカプラはソケット形のものであり、一体の加熱エ
レメントを有している。加熱エレメントは、カプラの内
面とパイプの対向面とを溶融する。小径パイプの場合、
カプラとパイプの対向面は一般に１〜２mm以上間隔を隔
てているが、３５５mmサイズのパイプはカプラとパイプ
とを流体圧力嵌めする必要がある。この場合、ギャップ
は事実上ゼロである。両溶融面は一体に融合し、各パイ
プとカプラとの間には融着継手（溶接継手）が形成され
る。
【０００３】米国特許第4775501 号（Raychem Corporat
ion)及び欧州特許第019775号（Raychem Corporation)に
は、粒状導電性充填剤を含有する架橋ポリマからなるカ
プラによりポリオレフィンパイプを結合する技術が提案
されている。このカプラは、その融点（１２０℃）以下
の温度で膨張される。このカプラは、これに電流を通し
て加熱し、パイプ上に収縮させることにより元の形状を
回復してパイプを結合する。カプラ及びパイプは、融着
継手により結合される。
【０００４】米国特許第4775501 号に開示された２つの
例における両ポリエチレンパイプの外径は0.84インチ
（２１mm) である。このカプラは約３０〜４５秒でその
収縮温度に到達し、更に１分間カプラに電流が通され
る。パイプの端部は収縮したものとして示されており、
両パイプの端面は溶融していると思われる。この結果、
両パイプの貫通ボア（スルーボア）の直径はかなり小さ
くなる。
【０００５】欧州特許第0197759 号に開示された唯一の
例では、両パイプは、21.3mmの外径と、2.8mm の壁厚と
を有している。加熱条件は米国特許第4775501 号の場合
と同様であろうが欧州特許第0197759 号には何ら開示さ
れていない。Raychem の上記両特許に開示のカプラは導
電性を有する必要があり、このため、これらのカプラ
は、導電通路を形成できる濃度のカーボン粒子を含有す
る材料で作らなければならない。カーボン粒子をこのよ
うに多量に添加すると、基材ポリマの所望の機械的特性
を劣化させてしまう。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、特
に、例えば５００mm以上の大径パイプ（但し、これに限
定するものではない）を連結するのに使用できるカプラ
を提供することにある。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、導電性をもた
ないポリマコンパウンド（高分子化合物）で作られたカ
プラを使用する。熱収縮記憶能力は、例えば、抵抗線エ
レメントへの通電或いは光源又は赤外線源からの輻射等
の同一視できる別々の熱源により活性化される。
【０００８】本発明によれば、開端形中空本体を有して
おり、該本体は、加熱前はカプラが第１最小内径を有
し、加熱後はカプラが前記第１最小内径よりも小さい第
２最小内径を有するように半径方向に膨張される非導電
性の架橋ポリオレフィン材料からなることを特徴とする
パイプを結合するカプラが提供される。また、本発明に
よれば、ポリオレフィン材料からなるパイプをポリオレ
フィン材料からなる他のパイプに結合する方法におい
て、両パイプの端部と端部とを突き合わせて配置し、両
パイプの端部の外部からこれらの端部をカプラで橋渡し
し、カプラを加熱してカプラを収縮させ且つ互いに対向
するカプラの内面と両パイプの端部外面とを溶接温度に
加熱し、カプラの周囲に配置された発光又は輻射手段に
より供給される光又は赤外線によりカプラを加熱するこ
とを特徴とするパイプの結合方法が提供される。
【０００９】本発明のカプラには、電気的に付勢される
単一又は複数の加熱エレメントを設けることができる。
上記形態のカプラを用いた本発明の方法は上記のとおり
であるが、単一又は複数の加熱エレメントを付勢するこ
とによりカプラを加熱するように構成することもでき
る。
【００１０】以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の実施例
を説明する。
【００１１】
【実施例】以下、ポリエチレンで作られたカプラの例を
説明するが、本発明は、例えばポリプロピレン及びポリ
ブチレン等の他のポリオレフィンで作られたカプラにも
適用することができる。本発明のカプラの第１実施例
は、スウェーデン国のWirsbo Bruks AB of Virsbo 社に
より供給されている長さ１００mmの架橋ポリエチレンパ
イプで作られており、該架橋ポリエチレンパイプの内径
は、結合すべき９０mmの非架橋ポリエチレンパイプの外
径より僅かに小さい。このカプラは、直径１１０mmの外
面と、１０mmの壁厚とを有している。カプラの内面及び
外面には螺旋状の「ねじ」が切り込まれており、両面は
鋸歯状になっている。ねじのピッチは２mm、鋸歯状歯
（セレーション）の深さは２mmである。
【００１２】カプラの外面には、2.25オーム（Ω）の全
抵抗をもつ錫めっき銅線が巻き付けられており、これが
加熱エレメントを構成している。加熱エレメントは種々
の方法（図示せず）により巻回することができる。例え
ば、ポリエチレンの非常に薄い中空円筒状部材の外面に
形成された螺旋溝内に加熱エレメントを巻き付ければ、
巻回の巻き部（ターン）が円筒状部材の内面に極めて近
接した状態に配置される。加熱エレメントの巻回後、円
筒状部材の外周には保護外鞘を射出成形することもでき
る。カプラを製造するこの方法は、英国特許第2090558
B 号に開示されている。
【００１３】別の方法では、パイプの全長の内面に螺旋
溝が切り込まれる。外面にはねじ（螺旋溝）を設けな
い。厚肉カプラを用いる場合に特に有効な更に別の方法
においては、カプラの外面及び内面に切り込まれたそれ
ぞれのねじ内に２つの加熱エレメントが巻回される。次
の段階は、カプラを形成するパイプの全長を膨張させる
ことである。例えばPipe Equipment Limited社により提
供されている流体作動形エキスパンダを用いて、パイプ
の最小内径と結合すべきポリエチレンパイプの外面との
間の間隙が約２〜３mmになるまで、パイプを膨張させ
る。この膨張は大気温度又は約１２０℃までの高温で行
うことができる。高温で膨張させた後は、例えば水でカ
プラを急冷する。別の方法として、例えばJoint Limite
d 社により提供されているエキスパンダを用いてカプラ
を膨張させることができる。
【００１４】図１及び図２には、カプラ１０と、互いに
一体に結合すべく端部と端部とを突き合わせて配置され
た２本のポリエチレンパイプ１２、１４とを組み付けた
状態が示されている。鋸歯状外面により形成された溝内
に加熱エレメント１８が巻き付けられた状態で、螺旋状
の外ねじ（雄ねじ）１６が示されている。また、内ねじ
（雌ねじ）２０も示されており、カプラ１０の最小内径
とパイプ１４の外面との間にはギャップ２２が存在して
いる。
【００１５】加熱エレメント１８には、４０Ｖの電源か
ら電流が供給される。加熱は一定時間の付勢パルスで行
われ、カプラ１０の外面温度及びパイプ１２、１４のう
ちのいずれか一方のパイプの外面温度が熱電対によりモ
ニタリングされる。パルス加熱により、カプラ１０の外
面温度が２６０℃を超えることが防止される。パイプ１
２（又は１４）の外面温度が１４０℃まで着実に上昇す
ることを観察し、１４０℃を超えたならば電源のスイッ
チを切る。冷却後、カプラ１０及び両パイプ１２、１４
を切断したところ、良好な溶接継手が形成されているこ
とが判明した。
【００１６】カプラ１０により結合された両パイプ１
２、１４は「８０℃試験」を受ける。「８０℃試験」と
は、４メガパスカルのパイプ壁応力を生じさせる静水圧
力をパイプの内部に加えると同時に、パイプとカプラと
の組立体を８０℃に維持された水浴中に浸漬する試験で
ある。ＳＤＲが１１のパイプの場合、この静水圧試験は
８バールの内圧を加えることに等しい。この組立体は、
この試験条件下で漏洩を生じることなく、現在まで約６
５０時間にわたり首尾よく試験されている。漏洩が生じ
ることなく、1,000 時間が首尾よく経過するまで、全試
験が続けられるであろう。
【００１７】図３に示すように、カプラ１０は元の間隙
を完全に取り除いて両パイプ１２、１４上に収縮してお
り、カプラ１０の鋸歯状内面は両パイプ１２、１４の元
の外面内に入り込み、これらの結合面を機械的にロック
している。両パイプ１２、１４の壁の幾つかの据込み
（アップセット）が、番号２４、２６、２８、３０で示
されている。
【００１８】パイプの元の外面が当初から酸化層を有し
ていても、溶接の前にパイプ面の前処理は行わない。カ
プラ１０は、融着継手の形成中にこの酸化層中に首尾よ
く突き刺さる。別の実施例として、カプラの内面の鋸歯
状歯を省略することもでき、その場合には、両パイプと
カプラとの対向する円筒状面の間に融着継手を形成する
前に、パイプの両端部を通常の方法で削り取り、きれい
にしておく必要がある。
【００１９】図４は、カプラ１０の変更形態を示すもの
である。この実施例においては、カプラ１０の外面に巻
回された加熱エレメント１８に加え、内面にも第２加熱
エレメント３２が巻回されており、該第２加熱エレメン
ト３２は内ねじの内側鋸歯状歯２０により所定位置に保
持されている。この第２加熱エレメント３２は、カプラ
１０の厚さが大きいため、カプラ壁を横切る大きな温度
勾配を要する場合、及び壁の内面を融着温度に加熱する
のに長時間を要する場合に使用される。
【００２０】カプラ１０の壁を両側から加熱することに
より、カプラ１０は一層早く温度上昇し、従って内面が
より早く融着温度に到達する。例えば、標準寸法比（St
andard Dimension Ratio、ＳＤＲ）が１７の５００mmカ
プラの場合、壁厚は約３０mmであり、ＳＤＲが１１のカ
プラの場合には壁厚は約４６mmである。壁厚が３０mm以
上であれば、いかなるサイズのカプラであっても、２つ
の加熱エレメントを用いるのが有効である。
【００２１】更に別の実施例（図示せず）として、カプ
ラに、上記加熱エレメント３２のように構成された加熱
エレメントを１つのみ設けることができる。図５〜図７
に示したカプラ４０の実施例は、外面に螺旋溝が切り込
まれておらず且つカプラの表面に加熱エレメントが全く
設けられていない点を除き、前述のカプラ１０と同様に
構成されている。
【００２２】図５及び図６に示すように、カプラ４０内
に両パイプ１２、１４を組み付けておき、反射器が取り
付けられた８個の１５０Ｗランプ４２の列からの輻射に
よりカプラ４０を加熱する。前述のように、カプラ４０
の外面温度及びパイプ１２（又は１４）の外面温度をモ
ニタリングする。パイプの外面温度が着実に１４０℃ま
で上昇したならば、ランプのスイッチを切る。カプラ４
０がそれ自体の溶融温度に到達すると、カプラ４０が光
学的に透明になって、パイプの表面まで光が良好に伝達
されるようになり、このため、放射熱の伝達がより効率
的になる。図７は、両パイプ１２、１４が完全に結合さ
れた状態を示すものである。
【００２３】上記説明に用いた図面の縮尺は必ずしも正
確ではない。架橋ポリエチレンは、流れることなくポリ
エチレンの結晶溶融範囲に到達する特性を有している。
その分子構造は三次元網状組織を有しており、その融点
以上の温度でゴム状固体の挙動を与える。この相におい
て、架橋ポリエチレンは非架橋ポリエチレンの表面との
融着結合を形成する。
【００２４】架橋カプラの膨張はカプラに熱収縮特性を
与え、このため、融着する前にパイプの端面を削り取る
必要がなく、融着継手の品質を向上させることができ
る。表面のこのような前処理は重要であるが、従来の電
気溶融のように時間のかかる作業である。熱収縮する架
橋カプラは鋸歯状内面を有しており、該内面はパイプ表
面を溶融し且つパイプの酸化外皮を貫通して食い込み、
下に位置する材料との融着継手を形成する。
【００２５】本発明は、例えば５００mm以上のカプラの
ような大きなサイズのカプラに適用することができる。
このようなカプラは普通のポリエチレンパイプで作ら
れ、次にガンマ線輻射を用いて照射されて、適当な架橋
レベルを得ることができる。別の構成として、カプラは
モールディンググレードポリエチレン（moulding grade
polyethylene)を用いて特殊成形することができ、且つ
化学的に架橋させて（例えば金型内で）最終の架橋カプ
ラを得ることができる。
【００２６】加熱は、電気的な加熱エレメント又は赤外
線ヒータを用いて行われる。例えば、カプラをパイプに
嵌合する前に、加熱エレメント（単一又は複数）のスイ
ッチを入れ又はオーブン内で加熱して、カプラを例えば
１００℃に予熱しておくことにより、加熱時間を短縮さ
せることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】結合すべく所定位置に配置された２本のパイプ
の端部の回りに組み付けられたカプラの第１実施例の上
半部の縦断面図である。
【図２】図１の円で囲んだ部分の拡大図である。
【図３】図１のカプラを用いて完成した継手の上半部を
示す縦断面図である。
【図４】別の実施例によるカプラの上半部を示す縦断面
図である。
【図５】結合すべく所定位置に配置された２本のパイプ
の端部の回りに組み付けられたカプラの第２実施例を示
す横断面図である。
【図６】結合すべく所定位置に配置された２本のパイプ
の端部の回りに組み付けられたカプラの第２実施例を示
す縦断面図である。
【図７】図５及び図６のカプラを用いて完成した継手を
示す図３と同様な縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ カプラ １２ ポリエチレンパイプ １４ ポリエチレンパイプ １６ 螺旋状の外ねじ（雄ねじ） １８ 加熱エレメント ２０ 内ねじ（雌ねじ） ２２ ギャップ ２４ 据込み ２６ 据込み ２８ 据込み ３０ 据込み ３２ 第２加熱エレメント ４０ カプラ ４２ ランプ
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 リンジー エーウイング イギリス タイン アンド ウエアー エ ヌイー26 ４ジエイデイー ウイツトリー ベイ シートン スルース デンウエイ グローヴ ４

Claims (7)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】 パイプを結合するカプラにおいて、開端
    形中空本体を有しており、該本体は、加熱前はカプラが
    第１最小内径を有し、加熱後はカプラが前記第１最小内
    径よりも小さい第２最小内径を有するように半径方向に
    膨張されている非導電性の架橋ポリオレフィン材料から
    なることを特徴とするカプラ。
  2. 【請求項２】 前記本体の内面に鋸歯状歯が形成されて
    いることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のカプラ。
  3. 【請求項３】 電気的に付勢される単一又は複数の加熱
    エレメントを有していることを特徴とする請求項１又は
    ２に記載のカプラ。
  4. 【請求項４】 １つの加熱エレメントを有しており、該
    加熱エレメントがカプラの内面の螺旋溝内に配置されて
    いることを特徴とする請求項３に記載のカプラ。
  5. 【請求項５】 ２つの加熱エレメントを有しており、該
    加熱エレメントの１つがカプラの内面の螺旋溝内に配置
    されており、１つがカプラの外面の螺旋溝内に配置され
    ていることを特徴とする請求項３に記載のカプラ。
  6. 【請求項６】 ポリオレフィン材料からなるパイプをポ
    リオレフィン材料からなる他のパイプに結合する方法に
    おいて、両パイプの端部と端部とを突き合わせて配置
    し、両パイプの端部の外部からこれらの端部を請求項１
    又は２に記載のカプラで橋渡しし、カプラを加熱してカ
    プラを収縮させ且つ互いに対向するカプラの内面と両パ
    イプの端部外面とを融着温度に加熱し、カプラの周囲に
    配置された発光手段又は輻射手段により供給される光又
    は赤外線によりカプラを加熱することを特徴とするパイ
    プの結合方法。
  7. 【請求項７】 ポリオレフィン材料からなるパイプをポ
    リオレフィン材料からなる他のパイプに結合する方法に
    おいて、両パイプの端部と端部とを突き合わせて配置
    し、両パイプの端部の外部からこれらの端部を請求項３
    又は４に記載のカプラで橋渡しし、単一又は複数の加熱
    エレメントを付勢することによりカプラを加熱してカプ
    ラを収縮させ且つ互いに対向するカプラの内面と両パイ
    プの端部外面とを融着温度に加熱することを特徴とする
    パイプの結合方法。
JP4103302A 1991-04-24 1992-04-23 ポリオレフィンパイプを結合する方法及びカプラ Expired - Lifetime JP2770643B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB91091231 1991-04-24
GB9109123A GB2255041B (en) 1991-04-24 1991-04-24 Polyolefin coupler for joining polyolefin pipes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH05133494A true JPH05133494A (ja) 1993-05-28
JP2770643B2 JP2770643B2 (ja) 1998-07-02

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US (1) US5328210A (ja)
EP (1) EP0510803B1 (ja)
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CA (1) CA2066919C (ja)
CZ (1) CZ279082B6 (ja)
DE (2) DE69216279D1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2099208T3 (ja)
GB (1) GB2255041B (ja)
GR (1) GR3023020T3 (ja)
HU (1) HU214065B (ja)
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SK (1) SK278475B6 (ja)
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YU (1) YU48662B (ja)

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US6131954A (en) * 1996-05-28 2000-10-17 Campbell; Steve Weldable couple for electrofusion coupling of profile wall thermoplastic pipes without a separate coupler
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CZ279082B6 (en) 1994-12-15
CA2066919A1 (en) 1992-10-25
EP0510803B1 (en) 1997-01-02
ES2099208T3 (es) 1997-05-16
GB2255041A (en) 1992-10-28
DE69216279T2 (de) 1997-08-21
PL169226B1 (pl) 1996-06-28
SK278475B6 (en) 1997-07-09
GB9109123D0 (en) 1991-06-12
PL294313A1 (ja) 1993-02-08
JP2770643B2 (ja) 1998-07-02
YU38692A (sh) 1995-10-03
CA2066919C (en) 1997-05-06
HU9201344D0 (en) 1992-07-28
EP0510803A3 (en) 1993-08-18
TR28690A (tr) 1997-01-08
US5328210A (en) 1994-07-12
GB2255041B (en) 1995-04-19
HU214065B (en) 1997-12-29
DE69216279T4 (de) 1998-03-05
EP0510803A2 (en) 1992-10-28
HUT64614A (en) 1994-01-28
CS119092A3 (en) 1992-11-18
YU48662B (sh) 1999-06-15
DE69216279D1 (de) 1997-02-13

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